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WorksheetsGE 1 MIDTERM - EXERCISE QUIZ
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 30mins
In the context of citizenship, what does 'Filipino' mean?
Membership in a nation-state.
A person who speaks Spanish.
A resident of any Asian country.
A person with dual citizenship in Europe.
What does it mean to belong and relate to a culture?
To adopt, accept, and treasure its entire way of life.
To reject all traditions and customs.
To ignore the values and beliefs of the culture.
To criticize and change every aspect of the culture.
What is the Latin origin of the word 'culture' and what does it mean?
The Latin word 'cultura' or 'cultus' meaning care or cultivation.
The Latin word 'scriptura' meaning writing or scripture.
The Latin word 'natura' meaning nature or natural.
The Latin word 'structura' meaning structure or building.
What are the two types of identity mentioned in the passage?
Personal identity and collective identity.
Social identity and economic identity.
Cultural identity and national identity.
Religious identity and gender identity.
Cultural identity refers to the identity or feeling of belongingness to a certain culture group.
True
False
Cultural identity is multidimensional according to the passage because:
it involves various aspects such as language, traditions, and beliefs.
it is based solely on nationality.
it only refers to religious practices.
it is determined by economic status alone.
According to Rupert Emerson, how does he define a nation?
A body of people who feel that they are a nation.
A group of people living under the same government.
A community sharing the same language and culture.
A territory with clearly defined borders.
What is the difference between material and non-material culture as described in the passage?
Material culture includes physical symbols like the national flag, emblem, or seal, while non-material culture embodies shared understanding, norms, beliefs, and traditions.
Material culture refers to language and values, while non-material culture refers to buildings and monuments.
Material culture is about traditions and beliefs, while non-material culture is about physical objects only.
Material culture and non-material culture both refer only to tangible items.
In self-categorization, what must an individual do to differentiate themselves from out-groups?
Identify with an in-group and differentiate from out-groups.
Ignore all group identities.
Join every group possible.
Avoid any form of group association.
National identity is influenced only by material culture.
True
False
Who reiterated that the self is not an entity but a process that orchestrates an individual's personal experience?
Brian Morris
Sigmund Freud
Carl Jung
George Herbert Mead
According to the passage, what is the most crucial form of interaction and exchange according to Morris (1994)?
The interaction and exchange between the self and his or her cultural environment as mediated by social practices.
The interaction and exchange between different economic systems.
The exchange of goods and services between nations.
The interaction between technology and society.
According to the passage, who introduced the dialogical self-theory?
Hubert Hermans
Lev Vygotsky
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
The dialogical self-theory regards the 'self' as the ________.
society of Mind
collection of memories
biological organism
single consciousness
Which of the following best describes an internal I-position according to the dialogical self-theory?
'I as brother'
'I as member of my family'
'I as hardworking'
'I as part of an organization'
The dialogical self-approach calls for the need for the I-positions to come in contact with each other to become fully aware of the different dimensions that constitute his or her self.
True
False
In the dialogical self-theory, what do the 'voices' function like?
A) Interacting characters in a story
B) Isolated monologues
C) External observers
D) Silent witnesses
According to the passage, culture can be seen as the collective voices that shape the ________ positions of the self.
social
economic
political
emotional
According to the passage, what is the dialogical self?
The dialogical self is a relational concept of self, where autonomy is not constituted internally but through negotiation and relationships with others.
The dialogical self is a fixed internal identity that does not change regardless of social context.
The dialogical self refers to the unconscious mind's influence on behavior.
The dialogical self is the sum of an individual's memories and experiences, independent of others.
In the context of the dialogical self, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of self?
Individual self
Relational self
Collective self
Material self
Fill in the blank: The relational self can be positioned at the intersection of ______ and ______ in the present between past and future.
time; space
mind; body
emotion; reason
self; other
Which self reflects cognitions that are related to one's group, such as 'I am an Ilocano' or 'I am a Filipino'?
The collective self
The individual self
The relational self
The personal self
According to the passage, each self (individual, relational, collective) is inherently social and involves assimilation and contrast with groups.
True
False
Based on the passage, how do people generally respond to negative descriptions about themselves?
People may either accept or deny and defend themselves against negative impressions, and their response depends on their own perception of themselves.
People always accept negative descriptions without question.
People always deny negative descriptions, regardless of their self-perception.
People ignore negative descriptions and do not react at all.
Explain the main thesis of Gergen as mentioned in the passage.
Gergen's main thesis is that mental processes are in relationships, not so much in the head of individuals.
Gergen's main thesis is that mental processes are purely biological and unrelated to social context.
Gergen's main thesis is that mental processes are best understood through individual introspection only.
Gergen's main thesis is that mental processes are determined solely by genetic factors.
What is the term introduced by Anthony Wallace and Raymond Fogelson that characterizes the discrepancy between the identity a person claims to possess and the identity attributed to that person by others?
Identity struggle
Cultural assimilation
Role conflict
Social conformity
According to the passage, the self can be defined as a reflexive psychological process that starts when one identifies himself or herself as an object, followed by describing oneself as a self-concept or self-feeling, and ends with saying that the self is manifested in how one acts and presents himself or herself to others.
True
False
Who divided an individual's perception of the self into two categories: Me and I?
William James
Sigmund Freud
Carl Rogers
John Dewey
According to William James, what are the three categories in which the self can be contextualized?
The constituents of the self, the feelings and emotions they arouse (self-feelings), and the actions they prompt (self-seeking).
The conscious, the subconscious, and the unconscious.
The physical self, the social self, and the spiritual self.
The ego, the id, and the superego.
According to Carl Rogers, the self does not exist at birth; it is developed gradually during ________ wherein one differentiates the self from non-self.
childhood
adolescence
adulthood
old age
What is the real self according to the passage?
The real self is who an individual actually is, intrinsically. It is the self that feels closest to how one identifies with. It is how one thinks, feels, looks, and acts. It is the self that feels most natural, comfortable, and true to what and who one really is.
The real self is the image others have of an individual, based on their perceptions and expectations.
The real self is the ideal version of oneself that one aspires to become, regardless of current feelings or actions.
The real self is the personality traits that are most admired by society, even if they do not match one's true feelings.
The ideal self is:
The self that feels most natural and true to what one is
The perception of what a person would like to be or thinks he or she would be
The self at birth
The self that is always congruent with the real self
According to the passage, the greater the discrepancy between the real self and ideal self, the greater the frustration and distress one will experience.
True
False
Define self-concept as described in the passage.
Self-concept is defined as the totality of complex, organized, and dynamic system of learned beliefs, attitudes, and opinions that each person holds to be true about his or her personal existence.
Self-concept is the ability to understand and interpret the emotions of others.
Self-concept refers to the process of adapting to new environments and situations.
Self-concept is the innate talent or skill a person is born with.
According to Carl Rogers, what does his theory focus on?
The nature of the self and the conditions that allow the self to freely develop
The hierarchy of needs
The material self only
The social self only
According to the passage, what are the two aspects of self-concept?
The existential self and the categorical self.
The conscious self and the unconscious self.
The personal self and the social self.
The physical self and the emotional self.
What is the existential self?
The existential self begins when an individual recognizes his or her existence as a separate entity from others and realizes that he or she will continue to exist over a period of time and space. It usually starts from infancy up to early childhood.
The existential self is the belief that one’s identity is defined solely by social interactions and group membership.
The existential self refers to the ability to understand and solve complex mathematical problems.
The existential self is the tendency to imitate the behaviors and attitudes of peers without self-awareness.
What is the categorical self?
The categorical self starts after a child recognizes his or her existence as a separate entity and becomes aware that he or she is an object in the world. The individual begins to categorize himself or herself in terms of age, sex, height, weight, etc.
The categorical self refers to the ability to understand and categorize objects in the environment, not oneself.
The categorical self is the stage where a child can only recognize others, not themselves, as separate entities.
The categorical self is the process of learning language and using it to describe external objects.
List the three components of self-concept as described by Rogers (1951).
Self worth or self-esteem, self-image, and ideal self.
Self-actualization, self-determination, and self-control.
Self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-acceptance.
Self-perception, self-motivation, and self-fulfillment.
What is self worth or self-esteem according to the passage?
It is what one thinks about oneself. This develops in early childhood stage resulting from the interaction of the child with his or her mother and father.
It is the amount of wealth a person possesses.
It is the number of friends a person has.
It is the physical appearance of a person.
What is self-image?
Self-image is how one sees himself or herself, which is important for good psychological health. It includes the influence of body image on inner personality and affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves in the world.
Self-image is the way others perceive a person, regardless of their own feelings.
Self-image is only about physical appearance and has no impact on psychological health.
Self-image is a fixed trait that cannot be changed throughout life.
What is the ideal self?
The ideal self is the person that one wants to be. It consists of one's dreams and goals in life, and it is continuously changing.
The ideal self is the person others expect you to be, based on societal norms.
The ideal self is the person you were in the past, before any changes occurred.
The ideal self is the person you become when you follow all rules without question.
According to Donald W. Winnicott, what is the difference between the true self and the false self?
The true self is the core of who you are, the original you, unshaped by the upbringing of society, and is spontaneous and natural. The false self is composed of the parts of the self wherein behaviors are altered, feelings are repressed, and one's needs are set aside in order to fit in with others.
The true self is the social mask we wear, while the false self is our hidden, authentic personality.
The true self is developed through societal expectations, while the false self is innate and unchangeable.
The true self is the result of repressed feelings, while the false self is spontaneous and natural.
Which of the following is a common true self behavioral trait?
Pessimistic
Blaming
Optimistic
Insecure
According to the passage, why do people wear a social mask?
To interact properly in a larger variety of interpersonal contexts and to show that they are refined and educated.
To avoid making new friends in social situations.
To hide their true feelings from everyone at all times.
To impress others with their wealth and possessions.
Which psychological school of thought believes that 'the whole is greater than the sum of all its parts'?
Humanistic psychology
Gestalt psychology
Structuralist psychology
Behavioral psychology
Humanistic psychology posits that personality should be studied from the point of view of an individual's subjective experience.
True
False
Fill in the blank: The ________ self is activated when a person has to comply with mores, norms, fads, crazes, and fashions.
false
true
ideal
private
According to the passage, what is the main difference between global and differentiated models in psychology?
Global models look at the self as a whole, while differentiated models break the self into components such as the id, ego, and superego.
Global models focus only on childhood experiences, while differentiated models focus on adulthood.
Global models are used only in clinical psychology, while differentiated models are used in experimental psychology.
Global models ignore the unconscious mind, while differentiated models emphasize it.
According to Freud, what are the three parts of the psyche?
A) Id, ego, and superego
B) Conscious, unconscious, and preconscious
C) Mind, body, and spirit
D) Self, other, and society
According to the passage, the ego operates according to the ______ principle.
reality
pleasure
morality
fantasy
Which part of the psyche, according to Freud, serves as the reservoir of moral standards?
Id
Ego
Superego
Libido
For Jung, the human psyche is divided into three parts. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Ego
Personal unconscious
Collective unconscious
Superego
What is the center of consciousness according to Jung?
The ego
The id
The collective unconscious
The shadow
According to Albert Bandura's agentic theory of the self, what is the capability of an individual to exert influence over the course of his or her actions called?
Human agency
Self-efficacy
Observational learning
Reciprocal determinism
Which of the following is NOT one of the four core properties of human agency according to Bandura?
A) Intentionality
B) Forethought
C) Self-reflection
D) Libido
According to the passage, what does the property of self-reflection signify?
It signifies that people are capable of self-examining their own functioning.
It signifies that people are always aware of others' thoughts.
It signifies that people never make mistakes.
It signifies that people can predict the future.
According to Bandura's theory, the self is viewed as:
A distinct entity responsible for bearing information
A person, not a distinct entity, responsible for bearing information and regulating behavior
An agent with no control over functioning
Only a product of interpersonal activities
How does the self function according to Bandura's theory, as described in the passage?
The self functions as a product of the influences of interpersonal and intrapersonal activities, making the individual responsible for how he or she lets these influences affect how he or she functions.
The self is solely determined by genetic factors, with little influence from environment or personal choices.
The self is a fixed trait that cannot be changed by external or internal influences.
The self is only shaped by societal expectations, ignoring personal agency.
