WorksheetsUnit 1: Marathon Runner, Test 1 Review
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins
What structure in a leaf controls the size of the stomata?
Guard Cells
Palisade Cells
Spongy Cells
Epidermal Cells
What is the dependent (measured) variable in this graph?
Resting heart rate
Hours of Exercise per Week
Time (s)
Effect of Weekly Exercise on Resting Heart Rate
What is the independent (changed) variable in this graph?
Resting heart rate
Hours of Exercise per Week
Time (s)
Effect of Weekly Exercise on Resting Heart Rate
What would the title be for this graph?
Resting Heart Rate Graph
Effect of Time on Exercise Level
Effect of Heart Rate on Weekly Exercise
Effect of Weekly Exercise on Resting Heart Rate
Which letter in the diagram is pointing to the Alveoli?
(a)
Letter A in the diagram represents which gas?
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen
Diffusion
Letter B in the diagram represents which gas?
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen
Diffusion
What part of the body part is this a diagram of?
Trachea
Nucleus
Alveoli
Diffusion
What process moves the gasses into and out of the blood?
Bulk Transport
Pressure
Osmosis
Diffusion
Yeast and sugar was placed in each bottle. Which balloon will inflate the MOST
A
B
C
D
Yeast and sugar was placed in each bottle. What is the gas that is filling these balloons?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Argon
Carbon Dioxide
Which cell part shown makes energy?
A
B
C
D
Which cell part shown is the cytoplasm?
A
B
C
D
What process is being shown?
Fermentation
Diffusion
Cellular Respiration
Digestion
In what cell part does this take place?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
What molecule does letter A represent?
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
ATP
What molecule does letter D represent?
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
ATP
What molecule does letter C represent?
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
ATP
What molecule does letter E represent?
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen
ATP
What process would happen in this cell part?
Fermentation
Diffusion
DNA
Cellular Respiration
What is a conclusion of this graph?
Oxygen in arteries goes down with exercise
Oxygen in veins goes down with exercise
Oxygen in arteries stays the same
Oxygen in veins stays the same
Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires ____.
light
exercise
oxygen
glucose
What are the inputs of cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
carbon dioxide, ATP, water
What are the outputs of cellular respiration?
Glucose, Oxygen
ATP, Carbon Dioxide and Water
What is a conclusion of this graph?
Oxygen in arteries goes down with exercise
Oxygen in veins goes down with exercise
Oxygen in arteries stays the same
Oxygen in veins stays the same
I am the process that uses glucose and oxygen to make energy! What am I?
Photosynthesis
Cellular division
Cellular death
Cellular respiration
In our investigation of Cell Respiration, yeast were used as:
an input
an output
a structure
a model
Yeast and sugar was placed in each bottle. What is the gas that is filling these balloons?
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Argon
Carbon Dioxide
What is anaerobic respiration?
A type of cellular respiration that occurs with oxygen, producing energy and byproducts like carbon dioxide.
A type of cellular respiration that occurs without oxygen, producing energy and byproducts like lactic acid or ethanol.
A process that only occurs in plants during photosynthesis.
A method of energy production that requires high levels of oxygen.
What is the relationship between exercise intensity and oxygen consumption?
As exercise intensity increases, oxygen consumption also increases to meet the higher energy demands of the muscles.
Oxygen consumption decreases as exercise intensity increases due to reduced efficiency.
There is no relationship between exercise intensity and oxygen consumption.
Oxygen consumption remains constant regardless of exercise intensity.
What is cellular respiration?
A process that converts sunlight into glucose
A method of cell division
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
A way for cells to store energy in the form of fat.
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
To supply more oxygen for cellular respiration in the muscles and to expel carbon dioxide.
To reduce the heart rate and conserve energy.
To increase the body temperature and promote sweating.
To enhance the digestion process and absorb nutrients.
How does exercise affect heart rate?
Heart rate decreases to conserve energy.
Heart rate remains the same regardless of activity.
Heart rate increases to pump more blood, delivering oxygen and nutrients to muscles and removing waste products.
Heart rate fluctuates randomly during exercise.
The organelle where cellular respiration occurs
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
What is the significance of glucose in cellular respiration?
Glucose is a primary energy source for cellular respiration, providing the necessary fuel for ATP production.
Glucose is a waste product of cellular respiration.
Glucose is used to store excess energy in the form of fat.
Glucose is a protein that helps in the formation of enzymes.
Blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
arteries
veins
capillaries
venules
What is ATP and its role in cellular respiration?
ATP is a type of protein that helps in cellular respiration.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell, produced during cellular respiration to power various cellular processes.
ATP is a carbohydrate that stores genetic information.
ATP is a lipid that forms the cell membrane.
How does oxygen availability affect cellular respiration in muscles?
Muscles continue to use aerobic respiration regardless of oxygen levels.
When oxygen levels are low, muscles switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration, which is less efficient in energy production.
Oxygen availability has no effect on cellular respiration in muscles.
Muscles only use anaerobic respiration when oxygen levels are high.
What are the byproducts of aerobic respiration?
Oxygen and glucose
Carbon dioxide and water
Nitrogen and ammonia
Lactic acid and ethanol
Levels of organization in the human body
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Systems
What is the primary function of the respiratory system during exercise?
To facilitate gas exchange, providing oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide.
To increase heart rate and blood flow to muscles.
To regulate body temperature through sweating.
To enhance the absorption of nutrients in the digestive system.
Blood vessels that move blood away from heart
Veins
Capillaries
Arteries
Venules
Blood vessels that move blood towards the heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Aorta
Cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen
A method of photosynthesis in plants
A type of fermentation that occurs in yeast
The process of converting carbon dioxide into glucose
ATP
Main energy source that cells use for most of their work
A type of protein that helps in muscle contraction
A molecule that stores genetic information
A carbohydrate used for energy storage
Lactic acid
Cause of muscle fatigue
Source of energy during aerobic exercise
Byproduct of protein metabolism
Component of cellular respiration
Homeostasis
Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
A method of increasing metabolic rate
A technique for cellular respiration
A way to enhance growth rates
Insulin
Hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to decrease blood sugar.
A type of carbohydrate that increases blood sugar levels.
A protein that aids in digestion.
A vitamin that regulates metabolism.
Positive feedback
Occurs to decrease the change or output: the result of a reaction is minimized to slow it down
Occurs to maintain the status quo: the result of a reaction is balanced
Occurs to increase the change or output: the result of a reaction is amplified to make it occur more quickly
Occurs to reverse the change or output: the result of a reaction is negated
Anaerobic respiration
Cellular respiration that does not require oxygen
Cellular respiration that requires oxygen
A process that occurs only in plants
A type of fermentation that produces alcohol
Inputs of anaerobic respiration
Oxygen
Glucose
Carbon Dioxide
Lactic Acid
Stimulus
A change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react
A type of food that provides energy to organisms
A method of reproduction in plants
A process of photosynthesis in animals
Outputs of aerobic respiration
ATP, carbon dioxide, water
Glucose, oxygen, heat
Lactic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide
ATP, lactic acid, water
Endocrine system
Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones.
A network of nerves that transmits signals throughout the body.
The system responsible for digestion and nutrient absorption.
The part of the body that regulates temperature and fluid balance.
Negative feedback
Biological response in which the effects of a reaction slow or stop that reaction
A process that amplifies the effects of a reaction
A mechanism that has no impact on biological processes
A response that initiates a positive reaction
Pancreas
An organ that secretes insulin into the bloodstream to help regulate blood glucose levels.
A gland that produces digestive enzymes for the stomach.
An organ responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
A muscle that aids in the movement of food through the digestive tract.
As exercise increases, ______ also increases
heart beat rate
breathing rate
carbon dioxide production
all of the above
What are the PRODUCTS/OUTPUTS of cellular respiration?
glucose & water
mitochondria and ATP
carbon dioxide, ATP, and water
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ATP
During rigourous activity, the the body must sometimes switch from AEROBIC to ANAEROBIC cellular respiration. What causes the body to switch processes?
Too much oxygen is available to cells
Not enough oxygen is available to cells
Too much lactic acid is made
Not enough lactic acid is made
The purpose of insulin in blood glucose regulation is to _____blood glucose levels
decrease
increase
maintain
all of the above
The purpose of glucagon in blood glucose regulation is to _____blood glucose levels
decrease
increase
maintain
all of the above
Excess glucose is stored in the
blood stream
kidney
brain
liver
A process which "corrects" an imbalance in the body to return to homeostasis.
Homeostasis
acidification
feedback loop
Stimulus
glucose is stored in the liver in the form of _______.
fat
fructose
protein
Which statement is an example of a feedback mechanism in humans?
An increase in the level of blood sugar results in the pancreas increasing the amount of insulin it secretes.
Increased exposure to pathogenic bacteria results in an increase in the number of red blood cells produced.
An increase in exercise results in a decrease in the rate of respiration.
Increased muscle activity results in a decrease in heart rate.
The diagram represents a feedback mechanism. The hormone referred to in this feedback mechanism is
estrogen
insulin
progesterone
testosterone
The diagram below represents levels of glucose and insulin found within the bloodstream of a healthy person throughout the course of the day.
The increase in insulin levels following an increase in glucose levels in the blood can best be explained by
insulin being released into the blood to digest glucose
a feedback mechanism that regulates blood glucose levels
an excess of glucose-stimulating guard cells
a response of the immune system to lower excess blood glucose levels
Stomata are made of specialized cells called ______ which surround a tiny pore/opening
stoma
guard cells
dermal cells
diffusion channels
The main function of stomata is to
capture sunlight
protect leaves from insects
allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves
release sugars into the atmosphere
During times of higher temperatures
leaves will have more stomata
leaves will have fewer stomata
there will not be any changes in the number of stomata
there will be no stomata at all
What happens to the guard cells when water is not available within a plant?
The guard cells close.
The guard cells open.
The guard cells become double.
The guard cells increase.
During times of higher temperatures
leaves will have more stomata
leaves will have fewer stomata
there will not be any changes in the number of stomata
there will be no stomata at all
The main function of stomata is to
capture sunlight
protect leaves from insects
allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves
release sugars into the atmosphere
Leaves will have the highest number of stomata when
temperatures are unusually high and CO2 levels are also high
temperatures are low and CO2 levels are also low
temps are high and CO2 levels are low
temps are low and CO2 levels are high
The process of water movement in plants
due to evaporation out the stomata
and absorption of water through the root hairs
Active Transport
Transpiration
Stomata
Guard Cells
Pores under leaves
that allow for transpiration
and gas exchange
Xylem
Stomata
Phloem
Transpiration
Two cells that regulate the size of the stomata depending on temperature and
water conditions
Phloem
Xylem
Stomata
Guard Cells
