_____ is/are transported out of the cell.

The Phospholipids in a phospholipid bilayer have 1. __________ heads and 2. __________ tails.

In a phospholipid bilayer, the heads face 1. ___ and the tails face 2. ___.

Because phospholipids contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, they are considered ___________ molecules.

The phospholipid bilayer is part of the _____ membrane.

The tail of a phospholipid contains unsaturated and saturated _____ _____.

Phospholipids have 1. _____ heads and 2. ________ tails.

The head of a phospholipid contains phosphate and ________.

In a plasma membrane, the two types of proteins are ________ __________.

Channel, Transporter, and Receptor proteins are all ________.

Anchored and Tethered proteins are all _________.

Which proteins allow molecules to pass straight through the phospholipid bilayer and avoid contact with phospholipid tails?

Which protein type is shown? It can perform active and passive transport.

What protein type is this? It receives extracellular signals and triggers cell responses.

The two types of peripheral proteins are ________ and ________.

The two types of _____________ in a plasma membrane are glycolipids and glycoproteins.

Glycoprotein bind to proteins and act as receptors for ________ _______.

Glycolipids link to lipids and are important to cell ___________.

Cholesterol regulates the ________ of the plasma membrane by adding rigidity at high temperatures, and fluidity at low temperatures.

This is called the fluid ______ model because plasma membranes are dynamic and fluid.

Which molecule cannot pass easily through a plasma membrane without protein?

Which molecules do not need proteins to pass through the plasma membrane?

The two types of cellular transport are ______, and _______.

_______ transport doesn’t use energy and moves along the concentration gradient.

_____ transport requires energy in the form of ATP and the electrochemical gradient, and goes against the concentration gradient.

Steve squeezes lemons and pours them into a cup. A few minutes later, Alex adds some sugar. Which is the solvent and which is the solute?

_________ happen/s when solute moves from high to low solute concentration to achieve dynamic equilibrium without the need for proteins.

Facilitated diffusion is the same as normal diffusion, but the molecules need to pass through ________ like channel ________.

_______ is when the solvent moves to equalize the solute concentration and create an Isotonic solution.

The types of ________ are Isotonic, Hypotonic, and Hypertonic.

In an ________ solution, there is no movement of water because the solute concentration is equal in and out the cell.

In a __________ solution, there is a greater concentration of solute outside the cell, so water exits the cell.

In a _________ solution, there is a greater concentration of solute inside the cell, so the water enters the cell.

What does the letter “A” represent in the chart?

What does the letter “B” represent in the chart?

What does the letter “C” represent in the chart?

Human red blood cells contain ___% NaCL to keep the solution isotonic between the RBC and blood.

Plant cells use their cell wall and central _______ to keep themselves from losing or gaining too much water.

Freshwater protists use ___________ vacuoles for water storage.

Consuming water is a saltwater fish’s medium of osmoregulation, while _________ is a freshwater fish’s osmoregulation.

Earthworms and slugs live in habitats with ___ salt concentrations in order to stay moist.

Which is not one of the three types of active transport?

Primary active transport requires energy in the form of ATP and _______/s as a form of transport.

Which is not a protein used in primary active transport?

The inside of cells is usually __________ charged.

When a sodium-potassium pump performs primary active transport, three Na⁺ ions leave, and two _ ions enter.

Secondary active transport takes advantage of the _______________ gradient and uses it as power.

Secondary active transport uses two protein types: Symporters and ___________.

Which type of membrane transport protein is on the far left?

Which type of membrane transport protein is on the far right?

Which type of membrane transport protein is in the middle?

What type of membrane transport protein is a sodium-potassium pump?

What type of membrane transport protein is a Glucose transporter?

What type of membrane transport protein is a sodium-glucose transporter?

Bulk transport uses ________ as transport and ATP as energy.

____________ is a type of Endocytosis also known as “cell-eating” where the cell engulfs and digests large particles or molecules.

____________ is a type of Endocytosis also known as “cell-drinking” where the cell ingest extracellular fluid.

____________ is a type of bulk transport where the cell expels substances.

____________ is a type of Endocytosis also known as clathrin-mediated endocytosis where the cell absorbs metabolites, hormones, proteins– and in some cases viruses after ligands bind to receptor proteins.

Cell __________ is the sum of all chemical reactions in the cell.

Papyrus writes a chemical equation that reads “NaCl + AgNO₃ → NaNO₃ + AgCl”

What are the reactants?

Papyrus writes a chemical equation that reads “NaCl + AgNO₃ → NaNO₃ + AgCl”

What are the products?

What symbol in a chemical reaction means that it is irreversible?

What symbol in a chemical reaction means that it is reversible?

Anabolism and Catabolism are two types of __________.

What is A?

What is B?

What is C?

What is D?

What is E?

Dehydration synthesis occurs in Anabolism, while __________ occurs in Catabolism.

In 1. _________ reactions, energy is used to build up, while 2. _________ reactions energy is released when polymers become monomers.

What does ATP stand for?

What are the labels of the triphosphate from left to right?

Most enzymes are ________, and have a specific 3D shape.

_______ are known as biological catalysts because they speed up chemical reactions.

E_A (__________ energy) is the minimum energy required in order for a reaction to proceed.

Enzymes _________ the E_A.

The _____ site is the part of an enzyme that the substrate binds.

Which is not one of the steps in an enzymatic reaction?

In the _______ fit model of enzyme action, the active site’s shape slightly changes to match the substrate.

In the lock and key model of enzyme action, the substrate fits the active site _________.

At high or low temperatures (depending on the type of enzyme), ____________ occurs in enzymes, causing changes in shape and a loss of their function.

The optimal pH for human enzymatic activity is ___.

__________ interfere with how enzymes bind to substrate by blocking or changing the shape of the enzyme’s active site.

In competitive __________, the inhibitor blocks the active site, stopping the substrate from binding.

In noncompetitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to the __________ site of the enzyme, changing the active site’s shape.

In noncompetitive inhibition, the substrate binds to the allosteric site, changing the active site’s shape, and blocking the inhibitor.

What type of enzyme inhibition is this?

What type of enzyme inhibition is this?