Worksheetsoverview of immune system assessment
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
What is the primary focus of innate (nonspecific) defenses in the immune system?
To target specific pathogens with memory cells
To provide a general defense against all pathogens
To produce antibodies for long-term immunity
To suppress the adaptive immune response
Which of the following is part of the first line of defense in innate immunity?
Phagocytes
Physical barriers
Interferons
Complement proteins
What is the role of interferons in the second line of defense?
To engulf and destroy pathogens
To signal neighboring cells to defend against viruses
To produce inflammation in infected tissues
To increase body temperature to fight infection
Which of the following is NOT an example of a pathogen?
Viruses
Bacteria
Poison ivy
Fungi
What system is the immune system coupled with?
Circulatory system
Nervous system
Lymphatic system
Digestive system
What is one challenge to the lymphatic system caused by abnormal body cells?
Toxins
Viruses
Cancers
Parasites
Which body structures can be involved in innate defenses?
Epithelium and connective tissue
Lymph nodes and spleen
Bone marrow and thymus
Blood vessels and heart
What is the primary characteristic of innate immunity?
Immediate response to a wide array of substances
Delayed response to specific antigens
Production of antibodies by plasma cells
Activation of T-lymphocytes for cell-mediated immunity
Which of the following is an example of a physical barrier in the first line of defense?
Neutrophils
Skin and mucosal barriers
Interferons
Natural killer cells
Which cells are involved in immunological surveillance and destroy abnormal cells?
Phagocytes
Natural killer cells
Interferons
Complement proteins
What is the role of interferons in the second line of defense?
Engulf pathogens and cell debris
Coordinate defenses against viral infections
Trigger inflammatory responses
Increase body metabolism
What is the effect of fever on the body during the second line of defense?
Blocks viral replication
Increases body metabolism and accelerates defenses
Engulfs pathogens and cell debris
Destroys abnormal cells
Which of the following is part of the outer physical barrier in the first line of defense?
Sweat glands
Outer layer of skin
Enzymes in tears
Stomach acid
Which secretion contains enzymes, antibodies (IgA in tears), and stomach acid to kill or inhibit microorganisms?
Sweat glands
Lacrimal glands
Secretions that kill or inhibit microorganisms
Mucus
What is the site of origin for all formed elements in the blood, except T-lymphocytes?
Thymus
Red bone marrow
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Which of the following is NOT a type of white blood cell (WBC)?
Erythrocyte
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Which white blood cell transforms into a macrophage upon entering tissues?
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Basophil
Which type of white blood cell is the first to enter connective tissue during an immune response?
Neutrophils
Macrophages
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
What is the role of eicosanoids released by basophils?
They increase inflammation.
They decrease blood flow.
They act as an anticoagulant.
They reduce capillary permeability.
How does histamine released by basophils contribute to the immune response?
By decreasing inflammation.
By increasing capillary permeability.
By reducing blood flow.
By promoting oxygen transport.
What is the function of natural killer cells in the immune response?
To regulate the immune response
To produce antibodies
To directly kill infected or cancerous cells
To enhance the activity of phagocytes
Which of the following is a characteristic of adaptive immunity?
It is immediate and nonspecific
It has memory and specificity
It does not involve lymphocytes
It is the first line of defense
What role do dendritic cells play in the immune system?
They produce antibodies
They release histamines
They present antigens to T cells
They destroy pathogens directly
What is a common cause of fever in adults?
Dehydration
Infection
Allergic reaction
Excessive exercise
Which of the following is a symptom often associated with fever?
Chills
Rash
Headache
All of the above
