WorksheetsCNS PATHOLOGY TEST
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 20mins
A 23-year-old woman presents with episodes of visual blurring and difficulty walking that improve but recur. MRI shows multiple periventricular plaques. What is the underlying mechanism?
Autoimmune T-cell–mediated destruction of myelin
Neuronal degeneration due to tau accumulation
Viral infection of oligodendrocytes
Ischemic infarction of deep white matter
Autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors
A 19-year-old man has fever, headache, neck stiffness, and photophobia. CSF: ↑neutrophils, ↓glucose. What is the most likely organism?
Neisseria meningitidis
Listeria monocytogenes
Streptococcus pneumoniae
E. coli
HSV-1
A 45-year-old HIV-positive patient develops progressive focal neurological deficits. MRI: multifocal white matter lesions without mass effect. Which diagnosis is likely?
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Multiple sclerosis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Bacterial meningitis
Glioblastoma multiforme
A 34-year-old woman presents with seizures. MRI shows an infiltrative frontal lobe tumor. Histology: fibrillary background with increased glial nuclei. Diagnosis?
Diffuse astrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
Medulloblastoma
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Meningioma
A 55-year-old man with rapidly progressive dementia and myoclonus shows periodic sharp-wave complexes on EEG. Pathology reveals spongiform change. Mechanism?
Accumulation of protease-resistant prion protein
Autoimmune demyelination
Viral inclusion bodies
Dopaminergic neuron loss
Amyloid deposition
A 25-year-old woman develops confusion and seizures 2 weeks after measles infection. MRI: diffuse demyelination. Diagnosis?
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Multiple sclerosis
Leukodystrophy
Glioblastoma
Bacterial meningitis
A 5-year-old child has truncal ataxia. MRI: posterior fossa tumor. Histology: small round blue cells. Diagnosis?
Medulloblastoma
Pilocytic astrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
Meningioma
Ependymoma
A 62-year-old alcoholic develops ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and confusion. Which deficiency is responsible?
Thiamine (B1)
Vitamin B12
Folate
Niacin
Vitamin E
A 70-year-old man presents with resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Which pathological finding is typical?
Loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra
Hippocampal neuronal loss
Anterior horn cell degeneration
Optic nerve demyelination
Viral oligodendrocyte infection
A 30-year-old man develops severe headache after head trauma. CT: biconvex hyperdense lesion. Which vessel is ruptured?
Middle meningeal artery
Bridging veins
Superior sagittal sinus
Internal carotid artery
Posterior cerebral artery
A 48-year-old hypertensive woman collapses suddenly. CT: deep basal ganglia hemorrhage. Cause?
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm rupture
Berry aneurysm rupture
Cavernoma hemorrhage
Venous sinus thrombosis
Trauma
A 30-year-old woman has progressive ataxia and visual decline. MRI: symmetric white matter involvement. Diagnosis?
Leukodystrophy
Multiple sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Glioblastoma
Bacterial meningitis
A 22-year-old man develops fever, seizures, and confusion. CSF: lymphocytic pleocytosis. MRI: temporal lobe hyperintensity. Likely cause?
HSV-1 encephalitis
VZV infection
Arbovirus
Listeria meningitis
Rabies
A 36-year-old man with headache and focal weakness has a ring-enhancing brain lesion. LP contraindicated due to mass effect. Diagnosis?
Brain abscess
Viral encephalitis
Multiple sclerosis plaque
Glioblastoma
Subdural empyema
A newborn has seizures and periventricular calcifications. What is the likely cause?
Cytomegalovirus
HSV-2
Toxoplasma gondii
Rubella
Listeria
A 70-year-old woman has memory loss and cortical atrophy. Pathology: neurofibrillary tangles. Which protein is involved?
Tau
α-Synuclein
TDP-43
Prion protein
GFAP
A 40-year-old man presents with fasciculations and flaccid paralysis. Which finding is expected?
Loss of anterior horn cells
Loss of substantia nigra neurons
Abnormal oligodendrocytes
Hippocampal atrophy
Optic nerve demyelination
A 50-year-old patient deteriorates rapidly. MRI: necrotic, hemorrhagic mass crossing the corpus callosum (“butterfly lesion”). Diagnosis?
Glioblastoma
Oligodendroglioma
Meningioma
Ependymoma
Pilocytic astrocytoma
A 28-year-old man with fever and headache has MRI evidence of subdural empyema. Most common source?
Sinusitis
Lung abscess
Dental caries
Urinary infection
GI infection
A 60-year-old alcoholic with hyponatremia receives rapid sodium correction and develops quadriplegia. Diagnosis?
Central pontine myelinolysis
Multiple sclerosis
ALS
Stroke
ADEM
