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Worksheetsexam 3
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
Cell division producing identical cells
Cell division producing gametes with half the number of chromosomes
Cell division in bacteria
Cell division for growth and repair
What is the primary purpose of meiosis?
To create identical daughter cells
To increase chromosome number
To produce haploid gametes for sexual reproduction
To make somatic cells
How many cell divisions occur during meiosis?
One
Two
Three
Four
What is the result of meiosis in terms of chromosome number?
Diploid to diploid
Haploid to diploid
Diploid to haploid
Haploid to haploid
What process during meiosis increases genetic variation?
DNA replication
Crossing over
Cytokinesis
Mutation
Crossing over occurs during which phase?
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase II
Telophase I
What is the outcome of crossing over?
New combinations of alleles
Identical chromosomes
DNA damage
Chromosome duplication
Independent assortment refers to:
Random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis
Copying DNA before meiosis
Random mutation
Random fertilization
The cells produced by meiosis are:
Identical
Diploid
Genetically unique
Genetically identical
Fertilization restores what chromosome condition?
Haploid
Diploid
Triploid
Polyploid
Who is known as the father of genetics?
Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
Thomas Malthus
Alfred Wallace
What did Mendel study to understand inheritance?
Fruit flies
Pea plants
Humans
Bacteria
Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that:
Each trait is determined by one gene
Alleles separate during gamete formation
Traits blend together
Genes are linked
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment refers to:
Alleles for different traits are inherited independently
All traits are linked
Gametes are identical
Dominant alleles always mask recessive
What is a genotype?
Physical appearance
Genetic makeup
Mutation
Number of chromosomes
What is a phenotype?
Genetic makeup
Number of alleles
Physical appearance
Chromosome number
Homozygous means:
Two different alleles
Two identical alleles
One allele missing
Multiple alleles
Heterozygous means:
Two identical alleles
Two different alleles
No dominant allele
Two recessive alleles
Incomplete dominance results in:
Blended phenotype
One allele masking another
Recessive traits disappearing
Codominant expression
Codominance means:
Both alleles are expressed equally
One allele hides the other
Traits blend
Recessive alleles dominate
What is a Punnett square used for?
Predicting probability of traits
Counting chromosomes
Showing mitosis stages
Measuring gene size
What are multiple alleles?
More than two possible forms of a gene
Only one allele
Mutated alleles
Identical alleles
Polygenic inheritance refers to:
One gene controlling multiple traits
Multiple genes influencing one trait
One gene per chromosome
Environmental inheritance
What is an example of a polygenic trait?
Flower color
Eye color
Pea shape
Tongue rolling
Who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Gregor Mendel
Charles Darwin
Alfred Wallace
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
What was the name of the ship Darwin traveled on?
HMS Evolution
HMS Beagle
HMS Discovery
HMS Origin
What did Darwin observe on the Galápagos Islands?
Identical species
Finches with different beaks
No variation
Plants with identical flowers
Which scientist proposed that species evolve through use and disuse of traits?
Lyell
Lamarck
Wallace
Malthus
Which scientist influenced Darwin with the idea that Earth changes slowly over time?
Malthus
Lyell
Lamarck
Wallace
What idea did Malthus contribute to Darwin’s theory?
Organisms can acquire traits
Populations grow faster than resources
Species are unchanging
The Earth is young
What idea did Wallace contribute?
The same theory of natural selection as Darwin
The inheritance of acquired traits
The concept of artificial selection
Genetic drift
What is natural selection?
Random change in genes
Process by which the fittest organisms survive and reproduce
Human-controlled breeding
Mutation rate increase
What is “fitness” in evolutionary terms?
Physical strength
Ability to survive and reproduce
Speed or agility
Population size
What is adaptation?
A temporary change
A heritable trait that improves survival
Mutation caused by climate
Behavior only
What is artificial selection?
Humans breeding organisms for desired traits
Nature selecting traits
Random mating
Survival of the fittest
“Descent with modification” means:
Species are unchanging
Species share common ancestors and change over time
Only fossils evolve
Evolution stops after one generation
Which of the following is NOT evidence for evolution?
Fossil record
Homologous structures
Vestigial structures
Seasonal weather patterns
What are homologous structures?
Similar function, different structure
Similar structure, different function
Different ancestry, same function
Identical DNA
What are vestigial structures?
Structures that serve no current function
Recently developed traits
Mutations
Fossilized bones
What is biogeography?
Study of how organisms are distributed across the planet
Study of fossils
Study of DNA
Study of anatomy
Molecular evidence for evolution is based on:
DNA and protein similarities
Fossil dating
Climate records
Behavioral traits
Darwin’s finches are an example of:
Artificial selection
Adaptive radiation
Genetic drift
Mutation
Evolution can be defined as:
Change in an individual
Change in the gene pool over time
Survival of the weakest
Random mutation
Which best describes the process of natural selection?
Random survival
Favoring individuals best suited to their environment
Mutation causing all change
Extinction of all species
What did Darwin conclude about species?
They were created independently
They share common ancestors
They never change
They evolve only through use and disuse
Which of the following provides direct evidence of evolution?
Fossils
DNA mutation
Weather patterns
Photosynthesis
What term refers to traits that improve an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce?
Mutation
Adaptation
Variation
Fitness
Darwin’s ideas were published in which book?
Principles of Geology
The Origin of Species
The Voyage of the Beagle
On Human Evolution
Which statement best summarizes Darwin’s theory?
Species are fixed and unchanging
Species evolve through natural selection
Evolution occurs instantly
Organisms adapt by choice
Which of the following best represents evolutionary success?
Living the longest
Producing the most offspring
Being the largest
Having the strongest muscles
