WorksheetsCellular Regulation — Exam Practice Set 1 (Questions 1–50)
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 53mins
A patient with iron-deficiency anemia should increase which food in their diet?
Red meat and leafy green vegetables
Milk and bananas
Rice and apples
Pasta and cheese
Which lab finding is expected in iron-deficiency anemia?
Low hemoglobin and hematocrit
High ferritin
Increased MCV and MCH
High platelet count
Which statement by a patient taking iron supplements requires further teaching?
I’ll take my iron with orange juice.
I’ll take my iron with milk.
I know my stools may turn black.
I’ll use a straw to protect my teeth.
Which type of anemia is associated with a deficiency of intrinsic factor?
Pernicious anemia
Folic acid anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia
Aplastic anemia
A patient with folic acid deficiency anemia should be encouraged to eat which food?
Green leafy vegetables
Cheese
White rice
Yogurt
Which lab finding differentiates pernicious anemia from folic acid anemia?
Low intrinsic factor
Low folate
Which clinical manifestation is most consistent with anemia?
Fatigue and pallor
Bradycardia and cold skin
Tachypnea and flushing
Jaundice and pruritus
A nurse caring for a patient with pernicious anemia expects which treatment?
Vitamin B12 injections for life
Folic acid tablets
Iron supplements
Platelet transfusion
Which statement by a patient with anemia indicates understanding of fatigue management?
I’ll alternate activity with rest periods.
I’ll increase caffeine intake.
I’ll limit my sleep to avoid weakness.
I’ll stop all physical activity.
Which type of anemia can occur after chronic disease or inflammation?
Anemia of chronic disease
Pernicious anemia
Folic acid anemia
Hemolytic anemia
A patient with anemia has shortness of breath and pallor. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Administer oxygen as prescribed.
Encourage fluids.
Recheck labs in 4 hours.
Ambulate to improve circulation.
Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a patient with anemia?
Activity intolerance
Excess fluid volume
Risk for infection
Disturbed sensory perception
Which assessment finding indicates possible acute blood loss anemia?
Tachycardia and hypotension
Bradycardia and hypertension
Polyuria
Cold intolerance
Which condition is associated with premature destruction of red blood cells?
Hemolytic anemia
Aplastic anemia
Folic acid anemia
Anemia of chronic disease
The nurse is caring for a patient with sickle cell disease. Which intervention has the highest priority?
Administer oxygen.
Elevate the legs.
Restrict fluids.
Apply cold compresses.
A nurse is caring for a patient with thalassemia major. Which finding is expected?
Severe anemia requiring frequent transfusions
Mild fatigue only
Polycythemia
Normal hemoglobin
Which statement indicates understanding of teaching about folic acid supplementation?
I’ll take folic acid daily to help red blood cell production.
I’ll take this only when I feel tired.
I’ll avoid leafy greens.
I’ll double my dose if I forget one.
Which finding indicates improvement in iron-deficiency anemia?
Increased energy and pink mucous membranes
Yellow sclera
Elevated bilirubin
Persistent fatigue
A nurse recognizes which clinical finding as a symptom of leukemia?
Frequent infections
Bradycardia
Hypertension
Constipation
Which diagnostic test confirms leukemia?
Bone marrow biopsy
CBC
Liver function test
CT scan
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with neutropenia?
Avoid crowds and sick people.
Eat fresh fruits and vegetables.
Use rectal thermometers.
Share utensils.
A nurse caring for a patient with leukemia should monitor for which complication?
Infection
Hypotension
Dehydration
Hyponatremia
Which lab value is consistent with neutropenia?
Absolute neutrophil count below 500
WBC 10,000
Platelets 200,000
Hemoglobin 13 g/dL
Which finding is common in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)?
Fatigue, bleeding, and recurrent infections
Bradycardia
Diarrhea
Night sweats only
Which statement describes a difference between Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
Hodgkin has Reed-Sternberg cells.
Non-Hodgkin is localized.
Hodgkin progresses rapidly.
Non-Hodgkin affects young adults only.
Which assessment finding is typical of Hodgkin lymphoma?
Painless enlarged lymph nodes
Painful throat and cough
Pruritic rash
Polyuria
Which patient requires immediate nursing action?
Neutropenic patient with temperature of 100.6°F
Anemic patient with pallor
Thrombocytopenic patient with petechiae
Leukemic patient with fatigue
A patient with leukemia is started on chemotherapy. Which lab finding requires priority follow-up?
Potassium 6.2 mEq/L
Hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL
Platelets 180,000
Glucose 110 mg/dL
A nurse caring for a patient with leukemia expects which nursing diagnosis?
Risk for infection
Ineffective breathing pattern
Deficient fluid volume
Disturbed thought processes
Which clinical sign differentiates Non-Hodgkin from Hodgkin lymphoma?
Multiple lymph node involvement and rapid spread
Reed-Sternberg cells
Localized cervical nodes
Slow progression
A nurse caring for a patient with thrombocytopenia should:
Avoid IM injections and rectal temps.
Encourage toothbrushing with firm bristles.
Administer aspirin for pain.
Encourage deep tissue massage.
Which lab value is consistent with thrombocytopenia?
Platelet count 45,000
Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
WBC 7,000
RBC 4.8 million
A patient with thrombocytopenia develops a nosebleed. What is the nurse’s best action?
Apply pressure to the bridge of the nose.
Insert a nasal pack.
Lay the patient flat.
A patient receiving chemotherapy has a platelet count of 18,000. Which action is most important?
Institute bleeding precautions.
Encourage ambulation.
Administer NSAIDs.
Restrict fluids.
Which symptom is expected with severe thrombocytopenia?
Petechiae and bleeding gums
Fever and chills
Hypotension
Polyuria
A patient receiving chemotherapy reports painful mouth sores. Which nursing action is best?
Use a soft toothbrush and avoid spicy foods.
Rinse with alcohol mouthwash.
Brush more frequently.
Increase citrus juices.
A patient with anemia is prescribed epoetin alfa. What should the nurse monitor?
Hemoglobin levels
Potassium
Calcium
Glucose
Which nursing action is appropriate during chemotherapy administration?
Wear gloves and protective equipment.
Administer without PPE.
Use the same tubing for all medications.
Give through an unverified IV.
Which is a sign of tumor lysis syndrome?
Elevated potassium and uric acid
Bradycardia and hypotension
Hypocalcemia and dehydration
Low phosphate levels
Which lab finding suggests tumor lysis syndrome?
Uric acid 10 mg/dL
Calcium 9.5 mg/dL
Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
Which nursing intervention is priority in tumor lysis syndrome?
Administer IV fluids to flush toxins.
Restrict fluids.
Give potassium supplements.
Encourage protein intake.
Which oncologic emergency presents with calcium of 13 mg/dL?
Hypercalcemia
Tumor lysis syndrome
Sepsis
Anemia
Which symptom suggests hypercalcemia?
Muscle weakness and confusion
Tremors
Diaphoresis
Polyuria
Which medication may be used to treat hypercalcemia in cancer?
Bisphosphonates
Iron sulfate
Prednisone
Insulin
Which sign indicates possible spinal cord compression in a cancer patient?
Back pain and leg weakness
Abdominal distention
Polyuria
Fatigue
A patient receiving chemotherapy is nauseated. Which intervention is appropriate?
Administer ondansetron as prescribed.
Provide greasy foods.
Encourage large meals.
Limit fluids.
Which cancer therapy targets only specific cells with receptors?
Targeted therapy
Radiation therapy
Surgery
Which patient statement indicates understanding of neutropenic precautions?
I will wash my hands frequently.
I can visit friends who are sick.
I’ll eat unwashed fruit.
I’ll share eating utensils.
A nurse caring for a patient receiving radiation should:
Mark radiation sites and avoid removing markings.
Apply lotions to treated area.
Cover sites with tight dressings.
Use heating pads on the area.
Which cancer treatment goal focuses on preventing spread?
Control
Cure
Palliation
Maintenance
A patient receiving chemotherapy reports tingling in the fingers and toes. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
This can be a side effect of your medication and should be reported to your oncologist.
This is temporary and not concerning.
You should increase your activity level.
A patient with acute myelogenous leukemia has a WBC of 1,200 and a temperature of 99.8°F. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Notify the provider immediately.
Recheck the temperature in 2 hours.
Encourage oral fluids.
Administer acetaminophen.
A nurse reviews labs for a patient with anemia. Which finding requires further investigation?
Hgb 6.9 g/dL
Hgb 11.8 g/dL
RBC 4.2 million/mm³
Hct 36%
A nurse is teaching a patient about epoetin alfa injections. Which statement indicates understanding?
I’ll have my blood checked regularly for hemoglobin levels.
I can stop taking this when I feel less tired.
This will cure my anemia permanently.
I don’t need iron while using this medication.
A patient with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is receiving rituximab. Which nursing action is most important during administration?
Monitor for hypotension and airway obstruction.
Administer the medication rapidly.
Infuse only through a peripheral IV.
Give with aspirin for pain prevention.
A nurse suspects tumor lysis syndrome in a patient after chemotherapy. Which finding supports this diagnosis?
Increased serum uric acid and potassium
Decreased phosphate levels
Low BUN and creatinine
Bradycardia
Which intervention best prevents tumor lysis syndrome?
Aggressive IV hydration before and after chemotherapy.
High-protein diet.
Restricting sodium intake.
Withholding allopurinol.
A patient receiving chemotherapy develops a fever of 101.5°F and chills. What should the nurse do first?
Obtain blood cultures.
Administer acetaminophen.
Apply warm blankets.
Encourage fluids.
Which finding indicates the need to stop a blood transfusion immediately?
Back pain and chills
Mild headache
Warm sensation
Fatigue
A nurse cares for a patient receiving chemotherapy who has a platelet count of 18,000. Which intervention is highest priority?
Institute bleeding precautions.
Encourage ambulation.
Offer oral fluids.
Provide high-protein snacks.
The nurse is caring for a patient with pancytopenia after chemotherapy. Which action has the highest priority?
Place the patient on neutropenic precautions.
Monitor bowel movements.
Encourage isometric exercises.
Provide a high-protein diet.
Which lab finding indicates risk for spontaneous bleeding?
Platelets 15,000
WBC 1,000
Hemoglobin 7.5
RBC 3.2 million
A nurse teaches a patient with neutropenia about infection prevention. Which statement indicates the need for more education?
I’ll avoid gardening and flowers.
I can eat fresh salads from restaurants.
I’ll check my temperature daily.
I’ll avoid people who are sick.
64. A nurse reviews the CBC for a patient with leukemia receiving chemotherapy. Which value requires immediate action?
Absolute neutrophil count of 400/mm³
Hemoglobin of 12 g/dL
Platelet count of 200,000/mm³
White blood cell count of 7,000/mm³
Which finding indicates that chemotherapy has been effective in a patient with leukemia?
Decrease in blast cells on bone marrow biopsy
Decreased platelet count
Increased WBC count
Elevated hematocrit
Which intervention is essential when administering vesicant chemotherapy agents?
Verify blood return before and during infusion.
Use the same IV line for maintenance fluids.
Flush rapidly after administration.
Administer by gravity.
The nurse should avoid which action when caring for a patient with thrombocytopenia?
Administering intramuscular injections
Encouraging ambulation
Giving stool softeners
Monitoring bruising
A nurse is evaluating a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma after radiation therapy. Which finding requires immediate provider notification?
Dry, nonproductive cough
Skin dryness
Mild fatigue
Hair loss
A nurse explains to a patient with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma why the disease progresses quickly. Which is the correct explanation?
A. “Non-Hodgkin lymphoma spreads to multiple lymph nodes before detection.”
B. “It originates in a single lymph node.”
C. “It only affects older adults.”
D. “It produces fewer abnormal cells.”
A patient with leukemia receiving chemotherapy develops confusion and muscle weakness. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely?
Hypercalcemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hypophosphatemia
A nurse suspects tumor lysis syndrome. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Increase IV fluid rate.
Restrict potassium-rich foods.
Administer morphine.
Start insulin infusion.
The nurse evaluates a patient with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy. Which finding suggests bone marrow suppression?
Increased bruising and fatigue
Elevated blood pressure
Weight gain
Improved appetite
Which priority assessment should be performed before a patient receives chemotherapy?
Baseline CBC and renal function
Liver ultrasound
Chest x-ray
Electrocardiogram
Which action helps reduce nausea after chemotherapy?
Administer antiemetics 30 minutes before therapy.
Encourage large meals.
Offer dairy products.
Avoid all liquids.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for stomatitis?
Rinse mouth with saline frequently.
Brush with hard bristles.
Use hydrogen peroxide rinses.
Chew hard candy.
A patient receiving chemotherapy asks why they must avoid crowds. What is the best response?
Your immune system is weakened, increasing infection risk.
You might spread infection to others.
It helps reduce anxiety.
Chemotherapy increases bleeding risk.
A patient receiving chemotherapy reports burning at the IV site. What should the nurse do first?
Stop the infusion.
Apply a warm compress to the site.
Slow down the infusion rate.
Elevate the affected arm.
Which finding in a cancer patient suggests spinal cord compression?
Back pain and urinary retention
Constipation and dry mouth
Weight loss
Fatigue
The nurse suspects superior vena cava syndrome in a patient with lung cancer. Which symptom supports this?
Facial edema and shortness of breath
Abdominal distention
Dry cough
Polyuria
A patient with lymphoma is receiving chemotherapy. Which finding requires urgent intervention?
Shortness of breath and chest pain
Mild fatigue
Loss of appetite
Hair loss
A patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia develops petechiae and bruising. What should the nurse suspect?
Thrombocytopenia
Neutropenia
Hypercalcemia
Anemia
Which instruction is most important for a patient with anemia secondary to chemotherapy?
Rise slowly from sitting to prevent dizziness.
Increase sodium intake.
Avoid activity after meals.
Restrict fluids.
A nurse is monitoring for signs of infection in a neutropenic patient. Which finding is most concerning?
Slight increase in temperature
Loss of appetite
Fatigue
Dry cough
Which teaching is appropriate for a patient with thrombocytopenia?
Use an electric razor when shaving.
Take ibuprofen for pain.
Blow nose forcefully if congested.
Floss daily after meals.
The nurse recognizes that a patient with pancytopenia is at greatest risk for which complication?
Infection and bleeding
Fluid overload
Dehydration
Constipation
A patient with leukemia is receiving induction chemotherapy. What is the goal of this phase?
To destroy all leukemic cells in the bone marrow.
To maintain remission.
To provide symptom relief.
To prevent metastasis.
Which symptom should the nurse expect in a patient with anemia of chronic disease?
Pallor and shortness of breath
Jaundice and itching
Cold intolerance
Weight gain
Which lab result indicates the risk for spontaneous bleeding?
Platelet count <20,000
WBC <4,000
RBC <4.2 million
Hct <35%
Which finding is a sign of hemolytic anemia?
Jaundice and elevated bilirubin
Fatigue and pallor
Polyuria
Low potassium
A nurse caring for a patient with leukemia should question which order?
A patient receiving chemotherapy develops oral mucositis. Which food selection shows correct understanding of dietary teaching?
Scrambled eggs and applesauce
Spicy chicken
Citrus fruits
Salty crackers
Which medication is given to reduce uric acid in tumor lysis syndrome?
Allopurinol
Epoetin alfa
Ondansetron
Folic acid
Which lab finding supports diagnosis of aplastic anemia?
Pancytopenia
Polycythemia
High platelets
Low potassium
Which symptom differentiates folic acid anemia from pernicious anemia?
Absence of neurologic symptoms
Low RBC count
Tachycardia
Fatigue
The nurse recognizes which as an early symptom of Hodgkin lymphoma?
Enlarged, painless lymph node
Night sweats
Weight loss
Fever
A nurse prepares to administer a vesicant chemotherapy drug. What is the most critical step?
Ensure a patent IV with blood return.
Dilute the drug with saline.
Administer by gravity.
Use a peripheral IV line.
A nurse caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy notes bleeding gums and hematuria. Which lab value correlates with this finding?
Platelets 25,000
WBC 9,000
Hemoglobin 13 g/dL
Sodium 140 mEq/L
Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse expect in tumor lysis syndrome?
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Which finding indicates bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy?
Decreased WBC, RBC, and platelets
Elevated hemoglobin
Increased creatinine
High albumin
Which nursing action prevents infection in a patient with leukemia and neutropenia?
Avoiding fresh fruits and raw vegetables
Encouraging live vaccinations
Applying heat packs to bruises
Providing high-fiber foods
