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WorksheetsHart-The Musculoskeletal System Ch 15 and Related Care Review
Total questions: 82
Worksheet time: 41mins
The musculoskeletal system is responsible for which of the following functions?
Providing structure, support, and enabling movement of the body
Regulating hormones and metabolism
Transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body
Producing digestive enzymes for food breakdown
Define the following term: bones
Rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton, protects organs, and allows the body to move.
Flexible tissue that connects muscles to bones and helps in movement.
Soft tissue that stores fat and produces blood cells.
A type of fluid that circulates nutrients and oxygen throughout the body.
Define the following term: hematopoiesis
The production of blood cells.
The breakdown of glucose.
The process of bone formation.
The removal of waste products from the blood.
Define the following term: joint
The place at which two bones meet.
A type of muscle found in the heart.
A fluid that lubricates the eye.
A nerve ending in the skin.
Define the following term: synovial joints
A type of joint that allows movement; it is surrounded by a cavity, called a bursa, that is filled with synovial fluid.
A type of joint that is immovable and found in the skull.
A type of joint that is only found in the vertebral column and allows slight movement.
A type of joint that connects bones with cartilage and allows limited movement.
The musculoskeletal system is composed of which of the following structures and what is its main function?
Bones, muscles, and joints; provides support, movement, and protection for the body.
Heart, lungs, and blood vessels; circulates blood and oxygen.
Skin, hair, and nails; protects the body from external damage.
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves; controls body functions.
Define the term: cartilaginous joint.
a type of joint that does not have a joint cavity and is only slightly movable (e.g., the joints between vertebrae).
a joint that is freely movable and contains a synovial cavity.
a type of joint that is completely immovable, such as the sutures in the skull.
a joint that is formed by the fusion of two bones, resulting in a single structure.
Define the term: fibrous joint.
a joint that does not allow movement (e.g., joints between cranial bones).
a joint that allows free movement in all directions (e.g., shoulder joint).
a joint that is filled with synovial fluid (e.g., knee joint).
a joint that is formed by cartilage (e.g., intervertebral discs).
Define the term 'muscle'.
group of tissue that provides movement of body parts, protection of organs, and creation of heat.
a type of bone that supports the body structure.
a fluid that circulates nutrients and oxygen in the body.
an organ that filters waste from the blood.
Define the term 'fascia'.
a tough, sheet-like connective tissue that covers muscles.
a type of nerve cell found in the brain.
a fluid-filled sac that cushions joints.
a type of bone found in the human skull.
What is the name of the bone labeled at the top of the head?
Cranium
Mandible
Femur
Scapula
Which bone is the lower jaw?
Mandible
Clavicle
Femur
Scapula
What is the name of the bone in the upper arm?
Humerus
Femur
Tibia
Radius
Which bone is labeled as the thigh bone?
Femur
Humerus
Tibia
Fibula
What is the name of the bone labeled as the collarbone?
Clavicle
Scapula
Femur
Humerus
Bones are the rigid structures that protect internal organs; the human body contains ____ bones.
206
180
250
300
Blood is produced inside trabecular (spongy) bones, which contain blood-rich ____ marrow.
red
yellow
white
blue
Two bones meet at a joint. There are ____ joints that allow different areas of the body to move in different ways.
300
100
50
200
Voluntary muscle movement is made by ____ muscles (an example is walking).
skeletal
smooth
cardiac
involuntary
Involuntary muscle movement is made by ____ muscles (an example is the heart beating).
smooth
skeletal
cardiac
voluntary
Skeletal muscles use an ____/antagonist system for movement.
agonist
synergist
flexor
extensor
According to the handout, what are the three main types of joints described in the textbook?
Synovial, cartilaginous, and fibrous joints
Ball-and-socket, hinge, and pivot joints
Gliding, condyloid, and saddle joints
Movable, immovable, and slightly movable joints
Which type of synovial joint allows movement in all directions?
Hinge joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Pivot joint
Gliding joint
Condyloid joints allow movement in two planes, for instance front to back and side to side. Joints in the ______ and the knuckles where the fingers join the hand are examples.
wrist
elbow
ankle
shoulder
Which type of joint is found between the tarsal bones in the foot and between the carpal bones in the wrist?
Gliding joints
Hinge joints
Ball and socket joints
Pivot joints
Match the type of synovial joint to its example:
Ball-and-socket joint
Hip
Hinge joint
Knee
Pivot joint
Joint between vertebrae of the neck
Saddle joint
Joint where the thumb joins the hand
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the front of the upper arm?
Biceps
Triceps
Deltoid
Quadriceps
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the front of the thigh?
Quadriceps
Biceps
Trapezius
Gastrocnemius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the back of the thigh?
Hamstrings
Quadriceps
Biceps
Deltoid
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the lower back?
Latissimus dorsi
Biceps brachii
Rectus femoris
Pectoralis major
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the calf?
Gastrocnemius
Biceps brachii
Deltoid
Trapezius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the buttocks?
Gluteus maximus
Biceps brachii
Deltoid
Trapezius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the chest?
Pectoralis
Biceps
Quadriceps
Trapezius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the abdomen?
Rectus abdominis
Biceps brachii
Gastrocnemius
Deltoid
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the shoulder?
Deltoids
Biceps
Quadriceps
Gastrocnemius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the upper back and neck?
Trapezius
Biceps brachii
Rectus abdominis
Gastrocnemius
In the human muscular system, which muscle is located at the side of the abdomen?
Obliques
Biceps
Quadriceps
Trapezius
Define 'Abduction'.
Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
Abduction is the movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.
Abduction is the rotation of a limb around its axis.
Abduction is the bending of a limb at a joint.
The musculoskeletal system allows this basic body movement: Adduction. Define 'Adduction'.
Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
Adduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
Adduction is the rotation of a limb around its axis.
Adduction is the bending of a limb at a joint.
The musculoskeletal system allows this basic body movement: Extension. Define 'Extension'.
Extension is the straightening of a joint, increasing the angle between two bones.
Extension is the bending of a joint, decreasing the angle between two bones.
Extension is the rotation of a limb around its axis.
Extension is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
Define 'Dorsiflexion'.
Dorsiflexion is the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
Dorsiflexion is the movement that points the toes downward.
Dorsiflexion is the rotation of the forearm so the palm faces downward.
Dorsiflexion is the movement that brings the arm away from the body.
Define 'Plantar flexion'.
Plantar flexion is the movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle.
Plantar flexion is the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
Plantar flexion is the rotation of the foot inward toward the midline.
Plantar flexion is the movement that spreads the toes apart.
The musculoskeletal system allows this basic body movement: Rotation. Define 'Rotation'.
Rotation is the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis.
Rotation is the movement of a bone away from the midline of the body.
Rotation is the movement of a bone towards the midline of the body.
Rotation is the bending movement that decreases the angle between two parts.
The musculoskeletal system allows this basic body movement: Internal rotation. Define 'Internal rotation'.
Internal rotation is the rotation of a limb toward the center of the body.
Internal rotation is the extension of a limb away from the center of the body.
Internal rotation is the bending of a joint to decrease the angle between two bones.
Internal rotation is the movement of a limb in a circular motion away from the body.
The musculoskeletal system allows this basic body movement: External rotation. Define 'External rotation'.
External rotation is the rotation of a limb away from the center of the body.
External rotation is the bending of a limb towards the center of the body.
External rotation is the straightening of a limb at a joint.
External rotation is the movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.
Define 'Pronation'.
Pronation is the rotation of the hand and forearm so that the palm faces downward or backward.
Pronation is the bending of the knee joint.
Pronation is the movement of the arm away from the body.
Pronation is the extension of the wrist upwards.
What is Supination?
Supination is the movement that turns the palm upward or forward.
Supination is the movement that bends the knee.
Supination is the movement that turns the palm downward.
Supination is the movement that extends the elbow.
What is Inversion?
Inversion is the movement of the sole of the foot inward.
Inversion is the movement of the sole of the foot outward.
Inversion is the upward movement of the foot.
Inversion is the downward movement of the foot.
What is Everson?
Everson is the movement of the sole of the foot outward.
Everson is the bending of the knee joint.
Everson is the rotation of the wrist inward.
Everson is the extension of the elbow joint.
What is Opposition?
Opposition is the movement that allows the thumb to touch the tips of the other fingers.
Opposition is the bending of the knee joint.
Opposition is the rotation of the head from side to side.
Opposition is the extension of the elbow joint.
What is Elevation?
Elevation is the movement of a body part upward.
Elevation is the movement of a body part downward.
Elevation is the rotation of a body part.
Elevation is the extension of a body part.
What is Depression (in terms of body movement)?
Depression is the movement of a body part downward.
Depression is the movement of a body part upward.
Depression is the rotation of a body part.
Depression is the extension of a body part.
What is Circumduction?
Circumduction is the circular movement of a limb or eye.
Circumduction is the bending of a joint.
Circumduction is the straightening of a limb.
Circumduction is the rotation of the head only.
What happens during Hyperextension?
Hyperextension happens when a joint is extended beyond its normal range of motion. This type of movement can cause injury.
Hyperextension is when a joint is bent in the opposite direction, causing it to shorten.
Hyperextension occurs when a muscle contracts and pulls the joint closer together.
Hyperextension is the process of rotating a joint within its normal range of motion.
Define the following term: cartilage.
a flexible connective tissue that makes up the skeleton in an embryo and eventually becomes bone; cartilage is also present in some places in the adult body (e.g., in the nose and ears).
a type of muscle tissue responsible for voluntary movements in the body.
a dense, rigid tissue that forms the outer layer of bones.
a fluid connective tissue that transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
Define the following term: ossification.
the process of hardening into bone.
the breakdown of muscle tissue.
the formation of cartilage.
the absorption of nutrients.
Lifespan changes to the musculoskeletal system include which of the following?
Decreased bone density and muscle mass
Increased bone density and muscle mass
No change in bone density or muscle mass
Improved joint flexibility with age
Ossification (hardening of cartilage into bone) is typically complete by age ____.
21
16
25
30
Which motor skills develop first: gross motor skills or fine motor skills?
Gross motor skills
Fine motor skills
Moderate motor skills
Scanty motor skills
Define the following term: orthopedic specialist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats bone disorders.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a medical professional who treats skin conditions.
a surgeon who operates on the brain.
Define the following term: rheumatologist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats inflammatory and debilitating musculoskeletal disorders.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a surgeon who operates on the brain and spinal cord.
a physician who treats skin disorders.
Define the following term: podiatrist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats disorders of the feet.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a surgeon who operates on the brain.
a specialist in eye disorders.
Define the following term: osteoarthritis.
a common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis.
a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the skin and internal organs.
a viral infection that primarily targets the respiratory system.
a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin production.
Define the following term: a type of arthritis in which joints become red, swollen, and very painful, resulting in restricted movement and possible deformities.
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
osteoarthritis
gout
bursitis
Define the following term: a condition caused by the painful buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.
gout
arthritis
osteoporosis
bursitis
Define the following term: inflammation of the sac that surrounds and protects the tendons (the bursa).
bursitis
tendinitis
arthritis
myositis
Define the following term: tendinitis.
inflammation of the tendon and its connection to a muscle and/or a bone; may also be spelled tendonitis.
degeneration of cartilage in the joints.
fracture of a bone due to trauma.
swelling of lymph nodes in the neck.
Define the following term: plantar fasciitis.
inflammation of the fascia on the bottom of the foot.
fracture of the heel bone.
infection of the toenail.
dislocation of the ankle joint.
Define the following term: orthotic.
a device that supports a body part and/or assists with mobility.
a surgical procedure to repair a joint.
a type of medication for pain relief.
a physical therapy exercise for muscle strengthening.
Identify the common chronic and acute conditions of the musculoskeletal system.
Osteoarthritis and fractures
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and stroke
Cataracts and glaucoma
Osteoarthritis affects the large weight-bearing joints in a person as he ages and can cause ______ and stiffness.
pain
itching
redness
numbness
Rheumatoid arthritis is considered an ______ disease and can occur at any age and begins in smaller joints before progressing to larger joints.
autoimmune
infectious
degenerative
congenital
Diagnostic imaging and blood tests that detect ______ are usually used to diagnosis arthritis.
inflammation
calcium
glucose
cholesterol
Arthritis treatments include anti-inflammatory medications; local applications of heat; range of motion exercises; a regular exercise routine; and ______ changes.
diet
clothing
lighting
furniture
Patients with RA may require NSAIDs, steroids, or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to ______ the disease process.
slow
accelerate
ignore
reverse
Common chronic and acute conditions of the musculoskeletal system include:
Osteoarthritis and fractures
Asthma and diabetes
Hypertension and stroke
Cataracts and glaucoma
Gout is caused by a buildup of ________ crystals in the joints. Treatment includes diet changes and medications to reduce uric acid.
uric acid
calcium
cholesterol
glucose
Bursitis typically affects the elbow, knee, shoulder, and hip joints due to overuse or ________ infection. Treatment includes rest and NSAIDs of steroids or an antibiotic.
bacterial
viral
fungal
parasitic
Tendinitis is caused by overuse of a joint which causes pain and reduced range of ________. Treatment includes pain medications and anti-inflammatory medication.
motion
hearing
vision
taste
Plantar fasciitis is caused by stress on the ________. Symptoms are relieved by stretching, use of NSAIDs and use of orthotics.
foot
hand
elbow
knee
Define the following term: osteoporosis.
a condition in which bones become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily.
a disease that causes excessive hair growth on the body.
a condition where the skin becomes extremely dry and flaky.
an infection that affects the lungs and causes coughing.
Define the following term: osteomalacia.
a condition in which the bones of adults lose their rigidity and soften; called rickets in children.
an inflammation of the joints causing pain and stiffness.
a genetic disorder affecting red blood cells.
a viral infection that affects the respiratory system.
