Worksheetsphyiscal
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
1. What happens to the intensity of light as it travels away from the sun?
It increases as the photons gain energy
It remains constant throughout space
It decreases as the surface area of the disc of photons increases
It only decreases when it hits an atmosphere
According to the passage, how far has the disc of photons traveled from the sun after 500 seconds?
30 cm
150 million meters
150 million kilometers
500 million kilometers
When light from the sun strikes Earth, it has the same intensity as when it was first emitted from the sun's surface
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The sun can be modeled as a point source of electromagnetic waves that radiate outward in every direction
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When electromagnetic radiation from the sun reaches Earth, what percentage is reflected back into space by Earth's surface and atmosphere?
10%
20%
30%
50%
What is a photovoltaic cell?
A device that reflects electromagnetic radiation
A device that converts energy from electromagnetic radiation into electrical energy
A device that absorbs thermal energy from the atmosphere
A device that transmits energy back to the sun
Approximately half of the solar radiation that reaches Earth actually makes it to the planet's surface
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When electromagnetic energy is absorbed by an object and then re-emitted, it is always re-emitted at the same wavelength
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Wireless charging operates using the same principle as:
Electric motors
Transformers
Capacitors
Resistors
What is mentioned as a disadvantage of wireless charging?
It's too expensive
It only works with certain devices
It's much less efficient than cable charging
It causes interference with other devices
What wavelength of electromagnetic waves do microwave ovens use?
About 6 cm
About 12 cm
About 18 cm
About 24 cm
Wireless charging works by using electromagnetic induction to create a current in a secondary coil inside the device.
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All rechargeable devices in homes and workplaces can be charged wirelessly
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Electric stoves heat food through both convection and conduction, similar to gas-powered ovens
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Plastic, ceramic, and glass objects do not absorb microwave energy, so they are not directly heated by the microwave oven.
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What is the primary mechanism by which radiotherapy treats cancer?
It blocks blood flow to tumors
It causes damage to the DNA of cancer cells using ionizing radiation
It boosts the immune system to fight cancer
It removes cancer cells through surgery
What is a key characteristic of stereotactic radiosurgery?
It requires multiple surgical incisions
It can only treat brain tumors
It is a noninvasive procedure that uses precise radiation beams from multiple directions
It always damages surrounding healthy tissue
. Healthy cells are less likely to repair themselves after radiation damage compared to cancer cells
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In stereotactic radiosurgery, radiation beams from multiple directions intersect to deliver greater energy at the target point while minimizing damage to surrounding tissue.
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1. What are protons and neutrons collectively called?
Electrons
Nucleons
Quarks
Ions
The atomic number (Z) represents:
The number of neutrons in an atom
The number of electrons in an atom
The number of protons in an atom
The number of protons in an atom
What is the mass number (A) of an atom?
The number of protons only
The number of neutrons only
The sum of protons and neutrons (Z + N)
The number of electrons
4. In the notation ᴬₓX, what does X represent?
The atomic number
The chemical symbol of the element
The mass number
The number of neutrons
The nucleus occupies most of the atom's volume but contains nearly all of its mass
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Protons and neutrons are made of smaller particles called quarks
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Isotopes of the same element have different atomic numbers.
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Both ¹²C and ¹³C are atoms of carbon because they have the same atomic number
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The radius of a hydrogen atom (including the electron cloud) is approximately how many times greater than the radius of a proton?
1,800 times
65,000 times
5,300 times
100,000 times
2. Why are nucleons described as being "packed together like hard baseballs"?
Because they are perfectly round
Because they are compressible like atoms
Because they are incompressible and make the most spherical shape possible
Because they bounce off each other easily
3. The atomic mass unit (u or amu) is defined as exactly equal to:
The mass of one proton
The mass of one neutron
One-twelfth of the mass of a ¹²C atom
The mass of one hydrogen atom
What is the value of 1 atomic mass unit (u) in kilograms?
1.673 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
1.660539 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
1.675 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
1.007276 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
1. Nearly all the mass of an atom is in its nucleus because nucleons are about 1800 times more massive than electrons.
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The nucleus takes up most of the volume of an atom
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. A proton's mass is 1.007276 u and a neutron's mass is 1.008665 u.
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The density of nuclei varies significantly depending on their size because nucleons are compressible.
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Einstein's famous equation E = mc² shows the relationship between:
Energy and velocity
Force and acceleration
Mass and energy
Power and time
If 1 u of mass is entirely converted into energy, the amount in electron volts is:
9.32 × 10⁸ eV
932 MeV
0.932 GeV
all of the above
3. What is the speed of light (c) used in Einstein's equation?
3.00 × 10⁸ m/s
2.998 × 10⁸ m/s
2.99 × 10⁸ m/s
3.01 × 10⁸ m/s
Mass by itself is conserved in atomic interactions
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The electron volt (eV) is used instead of joules when discussing the energies of individual particles because the joule is too large
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Using Einstein's equation, the mass of 1 u can be written as 932 MeV/c²
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1. What is the most common antimatter particle?
Antiproton
Antineutron
Positron (e⁺)
Antiquark
2. What happens when an antimatter particle interacts with its matter particle equivalent?
They combine to form a new element
They repel each other
They annihilate each other and their energy converts into other particles
They create more antimatter
How long have scientists been able to create and contain antihydrogen atoms (antiprotons)?
5 minutes
10 minutes
17 minutes
30 minutes
Antimatter can form naturally during particle interactions such as cosmic ray bombardments.
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Antimatter is abundant in the universe and easy to find.
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All quarks and leptons have both matter and antimatter versions
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Most neutrinos on Earth were produced during cosmic ray collisions in our atmosphere.
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The top quark is the heaviest of all elementary particles and exists for too short of a time to bond with other quarks.
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Mesons are formed by three quarks, while baryons are formed by two quarks.
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Neutrinos have no electrical charge and are nearly massless, allowing them to pass through most matter without any interactions.
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Hadrons are formed by:
Only two bound quarks
Only three bound quarks
Two or three bound quarks
Four or more bound quarks
3. What is the mean lifetime of a neutron outside of a nucleus?
5 × 10⁻²⁵ seconds
14.7 minutes
A few seconds
Several hours
How many different possible combinations of quarks are there in a baryon (neglecting the top quark and its antiquark)?
50
100
150
200
1. What are the possible charges of leptons?
Only -1
Only 0
-1, +1, or 0
-2, -1, 0, 1, or 2
