Worksheetsmidterm 2
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 25mins
Which immunoglobulin is primarily responsible for immediate hypersensitivity reactions in food allergy?
IgA
IgG
IgM
IgE
Which of the following cells play a major role in IgE-mediated gastrointestinal allergy?
Neutrophils
Mast cells
Eosinophils
Macrophages
The most common symptom of food allergy involving the gastrointestinal tract is:
Constipation
Diarrhea
Melena
Weight gain
Oral tolerance refers to:
Enhanced immune response to food antigens
Suppression of immune response to orally administered antigens
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
IgM-mediated immunity
Which of the following mechanisms best explains the development of food allergy in genetically predisposed individuals?
Defective oral tolerance and increased Th2 cytokine production
Excessive production of gastric acid
Overexpression of MHC class I molecules in enterocytes
Increased synthesis of complement components in the liver
Which cytokine is important in promoting IgE synthesis by B cells?
IL-1
IL-4
IL-10
IFN-γ
The gold standard for diagnosing food allergy is:
Skin prick test
Serum IgE level
Oral food challenge
Elimination diet
Which food protein most commonly causes gastrointestinal allergic reactions in infants?
Soy protein
Casein
Gluten
Egg yolk protein
The late phase of allergic inflammation is mainly mediated by:
Mast cells
Eosinophils
Basophils
T suppressor cells
Which of the following is not typically associated with gastrointestinal allergy?
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Crohn’s disease
Food protein-induced enterocolitis
Allergic gastritis
The main effector molecule responsible for smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability in food allergy is:
Histamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Bradykinin
Which diagnostic test detects specific IgE to food antigens in serum?
RAST
ELISPOT
Western blot
Immunodiffusion
The primary treatment strategy for gastrointestinal food allergy is:
Corticosteroids
Antibiotic therapy
Elimination of the offending food
Desensitization with vaccines
Drug allergy is primarily an example of:
Type I–IV hypersensitivity reaction
Autoimmune disease
Tolerance breakdown
Complement deficiency
Which drug is most frequently implicated in anaphylaxis?
Penicillin
Aspirin
Insulin
Paracetamol
Which immune mechanism underlies serum sickness?
Type I hypersensitivity
Type II hypersensitivity
Type III hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity
Which test is most useful for detecting IgE-mediated drug allergies?
Skin prick test
Patch test
Lymphocyte transformation test
ELISA for IgG
Stevens–Johnson syndrome is primarily associated with:
Type I hypersensitivity
Type II hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity
Immune complex deposition
Which of the following is not considered a true drug allergy?
Aspirin-induced asthma
Morphine-induced histamine release
Penicillin anaphylaxis
Sulfonamide rash
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by:
Decreased T-cell count
Low immunoglobulin levels of multiple classes
Hyper-IgE
Complement deficiency
Selective IgA deficiency predisposes to:
Fungal infections
Mucosal infections
Viral infections
Parasitic infections
In HIV infection, the progressive loss of which immune cells leads to immunodeficiency?
CD4+ T lymphocytes
CD8+ T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
NK cells
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is primarily involved in allergic rhinitis?
Type I hypersensitivity
Type II hypersensitivity
Type III hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity
What is the primary immunoglobulin involved in anaphylactic reactions?
IgG
IgE
IgD
IgA
Which of the following conditions is characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract?
Allergic colitis
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
