Despite strong evidence that his favorite politician lied, Jake continues to defend him because of his prior beliefs. This best represents:

Maria believes that studying hard guarantees success because she thinks life is inherently fair. Which belief does this reflect?

After performing poorly on a test, students who studied less tend to think the questions were “unfair.” This best demonstrates:

A student believes she will fail an exam, behaves nervously during it, and ends up performing poorly—confirming her initial belief. What concept is illustrated?

Even though lottery outcomes are random, some players think their “lucky numbers” increase their chances. This reflects:

A manager unconsciously associates leadership qualities with men because most past leaders she’s seen are male. This demonstrates:

When recalling a vacation, Alex forgets the stressful parts and remembers it as more enjoyable than it really was. This illustrates:

After being told that smiling can improve mood, participants who held a pen between their teeth (forcing a smile) reported feeling happier. This demonstrates:

Even after feedback shows his estimates were wrong, Mark remains overly confident in his judgment accuracy. This reflects:

A person who reads about crime in one city assumes crime is high everywhere, ignoring actual data. This is an example of:

When a person assumes that because someone is quiet and loves reading, they must be a librarian, they’re using:

A teacher’s low expectations for a student cause her to provide less encouragement, leading the student to perform poorly. This shows:

Despite data disproving his belief, a person only seeks articles that support it. This is known as:

A basketball player who had an unusually good game expects to perform equally well next time, but his performance drops. This is due to:

A person who narrowly avoids an accident thinks, “If I had left one minute earlier, it wouldn’t have happened.” What concept is this?

Someone believes people get what they deserve and deserve what they get. This belief most likely serves which function of BJW?

People tend to conserve mental effort by relying on shortcuts rather than analyzing all information. This tendency describes:

After being exposed to words related to “elderly,” participants walk slower when leaving the lab. This demonstrates:

A person who believes they are better than average at driving—despite many accidents—shows which bias?

Even after being shown that their personality test results were randomly generated, participants still rated them as highly accurate. This reflects:

A student blames her bad grade on a “trick question” instead of poor preparation, but attributes others’ failures to laziness. This best illustrates:

When thinking of doctors, you immediately picture someone in a white coat with a stethoscope. This mental representation reflects a:

After reading about kindness, participants later donate more money to charity. This is best explained by:

A gambler believes that because a roulette wheel has landed on black several times in a row, red is now “due.” This is an example of:

After missing an easy goal, an athlete says, “If I’d just kicked a little harder, I would’ve scored.” This is an example of:

A person assumes that successful people must have worked hard and that poor people must have made bad choices. This reflects:

When people only remember evidence supporting their first impressions of others, it demonstrates:

Even though a friend correctly answers only 3 of 10 trivia questions, she claims she “knew most of them.” This reflects:

After attending a seminar on aging, participants walk more slowly when leaving the room. This is an example of:

A teacher’s belief that one student will perform poorly leads her to provide less help, and the student’s grades drop. This is:

People tend to rely on shortcuts instead of analyzing all evidence because they are:

A researcher finds that happy memories are remembered more vividly and negatively toned ones fade faster. This illustrates:

A student who fails an exam begins to study less, believing they are “just bad at tests,” reinforcing their poor performance. This demonstrates:

People who have just watched a scary movie overestimate the likelihood of being attacked on their way home. This is due to:

After a strong performance, an athlete expects to do equally well next game, but performs worse. This best illustrates:

A person believes that wearing a specific necklace helps them avoid accidents. This belief exemplifies:

After a breakup, someone recalls the relationship as “never that great anyway.” This is most consistent with:

A participant primed with words related to “rudeness” interrupts the experimenter sooner than those primed with “politeness.” This illustrates:

Even though performance scores fluctuate naturally, a coach mistakenly believes their new training method caused the improvement. This reflects:

A participant receives $1 to publicly advocate against their true opinion on tuition fees. Later, they privately change their attitude to match their statement. This is best explained by

After deciding between two similar apartments, a student later emphasizes the advantages of the one they chose. This reflects

A marketing campaign has customers first wear a brand’s T-shirt before buying the product. This increases sales because of

A researcher observes that when participants make a free choice to act against their beliefs, they later show physiological arousal. This supports

A participant forced to smile during a task later rates the task as more enjoyable. This demonstrates

After donating blood voluntarily, a person later believes that blood donation is part of their moral duty. This is explained by

A student reads about environmental activism and recalls that they once recycled plastic bottles. They infer that they must care deeply about the environment. This process is known as

Participants who experience dissonance after writing a counterattitudinal essay can reduce discomfort by

A student initially refuses to participate in a survey but agrees when told it only takes two minutes. This persuasion uses the

An athlete who is praised excessively for doing a sport they already enjoy begins to lose interest. This reflects

A participant who believes they freely chose to lie about a boring task later reports liking the task more. This demonstrates

Someone helps a stranger and later infers they must be a kind person. This best illustrates

After choosing a product, consumers who cannot return it show greater satisfaction than those who can. This shows that

A student who writes an essay defending a tuition hike for a small reward experiences attitude change, but those paid $20 do not. This demonstrates

A researcher tells participants they must perform a boring task for free or for money. Those doing it freely later claim it was interesting. This supports

A person from a collectivist culture feels dissonance when making decisions that affect their family, but not when making personal decisions. This reflects

A person experiences tension after buying an expensive product and justifies it by saying, “It will last longer.” This is an example of

A student performs better when they are told, “You’re doing this because you care,” rather than when offered payment. This supports the importance of

A salesperson first offers a car at $19,000, then “discovers” a $500 fee that must be added. The buyer agrees anyway. This is the

When a student reflects on their helpful behaviours and infers that they value kindness, this exemplifies

A person expresses strong disapproval of cheating but later cheats when they think no one is watching. This inconsistency reflects

An employee supports recycling when asked directly but fails to recycle at work. According to the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this may be due to

A person privately dislikes a coworker but acts friendly at work to appear likable. This illustrates

When people agree with a friend’s political opinion to avoid conflict, they are displaying

You are more likely to sign a petition supporting environmental protection if your close friends all support it. This demonstrates the role of

A person agrees to donate after seeing that “most people in your area already have.” This persuasion relies on

A charity campaign offering “free gifts” to donors relies on the principle of

An advertisement states, “Limited time only—get yours before it’s gone!” Which compliance principle is being used?

A celebrity endorses a new energy drink, increasing its appeal. This is best explained by the principle of

A doctor wearing a lab coat recommends a treatment, and patients follow the advice without question. This demonstrates the power of

When people underestimate how much others follow social norms, such as energy conservation, they may fail to change behaviour. Highlighting others’ behaviour helps by using

A person reports supporting gender equality but interrupts women more often in conversation. This inconsistency reveals

A political activist claims to oppose violence but supports an aggressive protest to appear strong. This reflects

A student’s implicit association test shows faster responses pairing “women” with “family” than “career.” This reveals

A salesperson compliments you before making a sales pitch. This persuasion tactic relies on

A student behaves differently with professors than with close friends. This flexibility reflects sensitivity to

A person consistently acts according to their beliefs even in private. This indicates

A person who feels guilty after breaking a promise and then volunteers to help at a shelter is motivated by

A public speaker avoids controversial jokes to maintain a positive image before an audience. This demonstrates

A group of students assigned to play guards or prisoners in a simulation start acting in line with their assigned roles. This best illustrates

After reluctantly apologizing under parental pressure, Myuki does not feel guilty. Her parents attribute her behavior to the situation rather than her attitude. This illustrates

During an experiment, participants who freely choose to write an essay supporting tuition increases later report more favorable attitudes toward the policy. This best supports

A salesperson offers a customer a discount price, only to later claim the manager refused it, but the buyer still completes the purchase. This exemplifies the

When a person agrees to sign a petition supporting recycling and later volunteers for a cleanup drive, it illustrates the

When the cafeteria increases vegetable options because students claim to want healthy food, but sales don’t change, this reflects a weak

A political candidate wears casual clothes and uses local slang while campaigning in small towns. This behavior reflects

When an individual privately disagrees with a group decision but goes along to avoid conflict, they are showing

A new cult member begins to adopt the speech patterns and dress code of the group. This best demonstrates

People are more likely to comply with a small donation request after being asked to display a charity sticker. This illustrates the

After donating blood, a participant recalls more positive beliefs about blood donation. This postbehavior attitude shift supports

When students are told that skipping a seminar is “forbidden,” they become more likely to want to skip. This is explained by

A cult isolates members from family and reinforces that only group members are trustworthy. This strengthens

After joining a persuasive training program, participants resist opposing messages about smoking. This resistance arises from

When a person selectively recalls arguments that confirm their beliefs about climate change, they are engaging in

An employee who receives excessive bonuses for a task they already enjoy starts enjoying it less. This reflects the

When group members suppress dissenting opinions to maintain harmony, this leads to

When people perceive persuasive attempts as manipulative, they strengthen their original position. This is known as

A person who reports liking a boring task after being paid only $1 to do so experiences

When participants behave kindly toward someone they initially disliked, they later report liking them more. This supports

When a cult leader uses emotional testimonies rather than logical arguments, persuasion occurs primarily through

A student believes cheating is wrong but copies answers when everyone else in class does. This shows how

A person who behaves politely in an interview but casually with friends is demonstrating

When soldiers follow orders despite private disagreement, this highlights the power of

People who behave more consistently with their attitudes are usually those who

The best predictor of whether someone will recycle regularly is their

A teacher who believes fairness is important grades anonymously to avoid bias. This demonstrates

A group of jurors change their initial votes after discussing the case, moving toward a more extreme decision. This is known as

A manager who praises employees before asking for unpaid overtime is using

A charity uses a respected doctor to endorse a health cause. This uses the principle of

When a salesperson says, “Only three items left at this price,” they rely on the principle of

When people feel obligated to return a favor after receiving a free sample, they are influenced by

A college student feels pressured to attend a party because “everyone else is going.” This reflects

When a person acts against their moral belief to maintain a social role, it is called

When an employee’s job requires enforcing unpopular rules, they may experience

After repeatedly being the only one speaking up against unfair policies, a worker begins to conform. This likely results from

A celebrity posting about mental health awareness makes followers more open to therapy. This shows the influence of

A person justifies unethical workplace behavior by saying “everyone else does it.” This illustrates

People who form attitudes through direct experience are more likely to

When a person follows traffic laws only when police are present, the behavior is guided by

A cult member who begins punishing others for disobedience, despite initial reluctance, demonstrates