WorksheetsMuscle Test Review 1
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 23mins
Skill/Concept: A student feels a sudden increase in body temperature during exercise. Which muscular system function directly explains this change?
Maintaining posture against gravity
Stabilizing joints to reinforce bone connections
Producing movement such as facial expressions
Generating heat through cellular respiration
Strategic Thinking: During rehabilitation, a therapist designs a routine to prevent joint injuries while restoring daily movement. Which pair of muscular system functions is most directly targeted?
Maintaining posture and generating heat
Producing movement and stabilizing joints
Excitability and elasticity
Extensibility and contractility
Recall: Which characteristic of muscle tissue describes the ability to respond to a stimulus?
Extensibility
Excitability
Elasticity
Contractility
Skill/Concept: A muscle is stretched during a flexibility drill and then returns to its original length when released. Which combination of characteristics explains this behavior?
Excitability and contractility
Contractility and extensibility
Extensibility and elasticity
Excitability and elasticity
Which muscle tissue is striated, multinucleated, and under voluntary control?
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
A tissue sample shows branched fibers with stripes, one nucleus per cell, and involuntary control. Which tissue is most likely observed?
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Which characteristic correctly distinguishes smooth muscle from the other two types?
It is nonstriated and arranged in uniform layers with slow, sustained contractions.
It is striated and voluntarily controlled with very quick contractions.
It is striated, branched, and only fast contracting during activity.
In the diagram of myofilaments, which pairing correctly identifies the two filament types involved in the sliding filament model?
Actin (thin) and myosin (thick)
Tropomyosin (thick) and titin (thin)
Keratin (thin) and collagen (thick)
Elastin (thin) and myosin (thick)
Using the hierarchical diagram, what is the correct order from largest to smallest structural level?
Muscle fiber → fascicle → myofibril → myofilaments
Muscle → fascicle → muscle fibers → myofibril → myofilaments
Fascicle → muscle → muscle fibers → myofilaments → myofibril
Muscle → muscle fibers → fascicle → myofilaments → myofibril
Based on the summary, which statement correctly distinguishes skeletal muscle from cardiac and smooth muscle?
Skeletal muscle contracts only when unconscious signals occur, while cardiac and smooth muscle require conscious control
Skeletal muscle is consciously controlled and organized into bundles protected by membranes, while cardiac and smooth muscle are involuntary
Skeletal muscle provides slower, longer motion, while cardiac and smooth muscle are responsible for rapid, short movements
Skeletal muscle cells cannot contract when stimulated, while cardiac and smooth muscle cells can
Skill/Concept: According to the sliding filament theory, what happens to the sarcomere when myosin heads pull on actin?
It lengthens as Z-lines move apart
It shortens as Z-lines move closer together
It becomes wider without changing length
It detaches from the muscle fiber
According to the description of ATP use during muscle contraction, what happens each time a myosin filament engages with an actin filament?
Two ATP molecules are produced to power the cross-bridge.
One ATP molecule is used to power the interaction.
ATP is stored without being used during the engagement.
No ATP is involved until relaxation occurs.
Which statement best explains why muscle contraction requires many ATP molecules?
Muscles contract in small graded steps that use little ATP each time.
Each cross-bridge cycle consumes ATP, and many fibers may engage during contraction.
ATP is only needed for muscle relaxation, not for contraction.
ATP is generated faster than it is used, so excess ATP builds up.
A sprinter finishes a race and experiences muscle fatigue. Based on the process illustrated, which scenario most likely caused the fatigue?
High oxygen availability leading to 34 ATP from the Krebs cycle.
Low oxygen availability leading to fermentation with only 2 ATP.
Excess ATP accumulation preventing cross-bridge cycling.
Complete absence of glycolysis so no ATP is made at all.
Reason: A student becomes "out of breath" after repeated hill climbs because the amount of oxygen available is less than what muscles require at that moment. Which term best labels this situation, and why is a physically fit person less affected?
Muscle fatigue; fitness increases glucose storage so muscles never tire
Oxygen debt; fitness improves oxygen transfer to muscle fibers reducing breathlessness
Anaerobic respiration; fitness prevents any burning sensation during exertion
Intense exercise; fitness eliminates the need for ATP in cross-bridges
Recall: Which statement best describes the role of ATP in muscle contraction?
ATP is the energy currency used by myosin during the contraction cycle
ATP is stored only in oxygen molecules and released during breathing
ATP is produced only when muscles are at rest and not contracting
ATP is a structural protein that forms thick filaments in muscle
Skill/Concept: A sprinter continues running hard and experiences burning and fatigue in the leg muscles. Which scenario most directly explains this sensation based on oxygen debt?
Aerobic respiration is sufficient, increasing ATP production and preventing fatigue
Oxygen availability drops, ATP is not efficiently produced, leading to muscle fatigue
Myosin stops using ATP even though oxygen levels are high, causing energy surplus
Excess oxygen causes ATP breakdown to slow and muscles become fatigued from inactivity
Strategic Thinking: During a high-intensity workout, oxygen supply becomes limited. Which action would most effectively reduce muscle fatigue according to the summary?
Decrease oxygen intake to slow aerobic respiration and conserve ATP
Increase oxygen availability to restore efficient aerobic respiration and ATP production
Switch myosin to use structural proteins instead of ATP
Avoid aerobic processes and rely entirely on oxygen debt to boost energy
DoK 1 — Recall: According to the criteria for naming muscles, which factor specifically refers to how many heads (origins) a muscle has? Choose the best answer.
Muscle shape
Number of origins on the muscle
Muscle insertion point only
Orientation relative to bones
DoK 1 — Recall: In the anterior muscle diagram, which muscle group is labeled on the front of the thigh?
Hamstring group
Quadriceps group
Adductor group
Gastrocnemius
DoK 2 — Skill/Concept: Using the posterior muscle diagram, which pair correctly matches an upper-body muscle with its general back location?
Latissimus dorsi — broad muscle of the mid-to-lower back
Triceps brachii — superficial muscle across the lower back
Gluteus medius — large muscle of the calf
Trapezius — muscle group of the posterior thigh
DoK 3 — Strategic Thinking: A student is designing a memory aid for muscle names. Which strategy most effectively uses the provided naming criteria and diagrams to distinguish biceps brachii from triceps brachii?
Focus only on size because larger muscles are always flexors of the elbow
Use number of origins (heads) and arm location: biceps brachii has two heads on the anterior arm; triceps brachii has three heads on the posterior arm
Rely on function alone because all arm muscles either flex or extend, making names interchangeable
Match both muscles to the thigh region since they appear near the femur
Label the muscle tissue
Identify the Muslces
Identify the Muslces
Identify the frontalis
Identify the nasalis
Identify the trapezius
Identify the deltoid
Identify the latissimus dorsi
