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Year 12 Business all terms Sem 1

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the term for making a product worth more to customers than the cost of its raw materials?

a)

Adding value

b)

Decreasing cost

c)

Reducing quality

d)

Increasing waste

e)

Lowering demand

2.

What is the power or right to give orders and make decisions within a business called?

a)

Authority

b)

Responsibility

c)

Delegation

d)

Supervision

3.

What is the work a company does to provide goods or services, usually to make a profit, called?

a)

Business activity (purpose of)

b)

Employee benefits

c)

Market research

d)

Corporate social responsibility

4.

What are the moral rules and principles that guide how a business should behave called?

a)

Business ethics

b)

Corporate finance

c)

Market strategy

d)

Operational management

5.

What are the specific, measurable goals a company sets for itself to achieve called?

a)

Business objectives

b)

Market share

c)

Brand image

d)

Corporate culture

6.

What are the different ways a business can be legally structured, such as a sole trader or a partnership, called?

a)

Business types

b)

Business profits

c)

Business locations

d)

Business licenses

7.

What is the duty to keep sensitive information private and not share it with unauthorized people called?

a)

Confidentiality

b)

Transparency

c)

Accountability

d)

Accessibility

8.

What is the process of organizing, storing, and controlling a company's files and records called?

a)

Document management

b)

Inventory tracking

c)

Payroll processing

d)

Customer service

9.

What are the four essential resources needed to create any product called?

a)

Factors of production

b)

Means of consumption

c)

Elements of marketing

d)

Sources of revenue

10.

What is the specific legal form a business takes, which affects its taxes, ownership, and liability, called?

a)

Legal Structure

b)

Business Plan

c)

Market Strategy

d)

Revenue Model

11.

What is the total value of a company's shares on the stock market (share price × number of shares) called?

a)

Market Capitalization

b)

Dividend Yield

c)

Earnings Per Share

d)

Book Value

12.

What is a way to measure a business's size based on how many people it employs called?

a)

Number of Employees

b)

Market Share

c)

Annual Revenue

d)

Product Range

13.

What is the value of the next best thing you give up when you make a choice called?

a)

Opportunity cost

b)

Marginal benefit

c)

Sunk cost

d)

Fixed cost

14.

What is a business owned and run by two or more people who share the profits and risks called?

a)

Partnerships

b)

Corporation

c)

Sole Proprietorship

d)

Franchise

15.

What is a business with private owners (shareholders) whose shares cannot be sold to the general public called?

a)

Private limited companies

b)

Public limited companies

c)

Sole proprietorship

d)

Partnership

16.

What is the official set of rules and procedures that must be followed in a specific situation called?

a)

Protocols

b)

Opinions

c)

Suggestions

d)

Experiments

17.

What are the step-by-step instructions for how to complete a specific task in a business called?

a)

Procedures

b)

Budgets

c)

Objectives

d)

Policies

18.

What is a large business that can sell its shares to the general public on a stock exchange called?

a)

Public limited companies

b)

Private limited companies

c)

Sole proprietorship

d)

Partnership

19.

What are the different ways to determine how large a company is, such as by revenue, employees, or market value, called?

a)

Size of a business (measurement)

b)

Business expansion methods

c)

Company branding strategies

d)

Corporate governance models

20.

What is a business that is owned and operated by just one person, who is personally responsible for all debts called?

a)

Sole traders

b)

Partnership

c)

Corporation

d)

Limited Liability Company

21.

What is the total amount of money a business earns from its sales over a period of time called?

a)

Turnover/Revenue

b)

Net Profit

c)

Gross Margin

d)

Operating Cost

22.

What is the total value of all the long-term funds and investments used by a business called?

a)

Value of Capital Employed

b)

Gross Profit

c)

Net Working Capital

d)

Current Assets

23.

Define the term 'Business challenge'.

a)

A problem or difficulty a company must overcome to succeed, such as a new competitor or changing laws.

b)

A type of marketing strategy used to increase sales.

c)

A financial report detailing company profits.

d)

A legal document required for starting a business.

24.

What is meant by 'Business environment (dynamic nature)'?

a)

The idea that the external factors affecting a business (like technology or laws) are constantly changing.

b)

A business environment that never changes and remains constant.

c)

The internal management style of a business.

d)

The financial profits made by a business each year.

25.

Explain 'Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)'.

a)

A company's commitment to operating in an ethical way that benefits society and the environment, not just itself.

b)

A company's strategy to maximize profits at any cost.

c)

A government policy for regulating all businesses strictly.

d)

A marketing technique to increase product sales only.

26.

What does 'Economic' refer to in the context of business environment?

a)

External factors related to money, such as interest rates, inflation, and unemployment, that affect a business.

b)

Internal company policies and management styles that influence business operations.

c)

Technological advancements and innovations within a business.

d)

Legal regulations and compliance requirements imposed on a business.

27.

What are 'Environmental' factors in business?

a)

External factors related to the natural world, such as climate change, pollution, and recycling.

b)

Internal company policies and management styles.

c)

Financial resources and investment strategies.

d)

Technological advancements within the company.

28.

What does 'Legal' mean in the context of business environment?

a)

External factors related to the laws and regulations a business must follow, such as health and safety or minimum wage.

b)

Internal company policies regarding employee behavior and dress code.

c)

The financial performance and profitability of a business.

d)

The marketing strategies used to promote products and services.

29.

What is 'PESTLE Analysis'?

a)

A framework used to analyze the external factors (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental) affecting a business.

b)

A method for calculating a company's profit margins.

c)

A tool for measuring employee satisfaction within an organization.

d)

A process for developing new technological products.

30.

What does 'Political' refer to in business environment?

a)

External factors related to government actions, policies, and stability that can impact a business.

b)

Internal management decisions regarding company policies.

c)

Technological advancements affecting production processes.

d)

Market trends and consumer preferences.

31.

Define 'Private sector'.

a)

The part of the economy owned and run by private individuals and companies for profit.

b)

The part of the economy owned and run by the government.

c)

A sector that only includes non-profit organizations.

d)

A sector that deals exclusively with international trade.

32.

What is 'Profit maximization'?

a)

A business objective focused on making the largest amount of profit possible.

b)

A strategy to minimize business losses at all costs.

c)

A method to increase employee satisfaction.

d)

A process of reducing production costs only.

33.

What is meant by 'Public sector'?

a)

The part of the economy that is owned and run by the government, such as public schools and hospitals.

b)

A sector that only includes private businesses and corporations.

c)

A sector that deals exclusively with international trade.

d)

A sector that is limited to non-profit organizations only.

34.

What does 'Social' refer to in the context of business environment?

a)

External factors related to society's attitudes, culture, and demographics, such as changing tastes or population trends.

b)

Internal company policies and management styles.

c)

Technological advancements and innovations.

d)

Legal regulations and government policies.

35.

What are 'Social enterprises'?

a)

Businesses that trade to achieve a social or environmental mission, reinvesting their profits to support that cause.

b)

Businesses that focus solely on maximizing profits for shareholders.

c)

Government organizations providing public services.

d)

Non-profit organizations that do not engage in any trading activities.

36.

What are 'Stakeholder conflicts'?

a)

Disagreements that arise when different stakeholder groups have competing goals (e.g., owners want more profit, employees want higher pay).

b)

Meetings held to discuss company profits.

c)

A type of financial report used by stakeholders.

d)

A process of hiring new employees for stakeholder positions.

37.

Who are 'Stakeholder groups'?

a)

Any person or group who has an interest in a company's success, such as employees, customers, owners, and the local community.

b)

Only the shareholders who own company stock.

c)

Only the government agencies regulating the company.

d)

Only the company's top management team.

38.

What are 'Stakeholder interests'?

a)

The specific goals, concerns, or desires that each stakeholder group has regarding the business.

b)

The financial statements prepared by a company for its shareholders.

c)

The legal obligations a business has to the government.

d)

The marketing strategies used to attract new customers.

39.

What are 'Stakeholder relationships'?

a)

The way a business interacts with and manages the expectations of its various stakeholder groups.

b)

A type of financial investment made by stakeholders.

c)

A legal contract between a business and its customers.

d)

The process of hiring new employees for a company.

40.

What does 'Technological' refer to in business environment?

a)

External factors related to new inventions, equipment, and software that can create opportunities or threats for a business.

b)

Internal management styles and leadership approaches within a company.

c)

Government regulations and legal requirements affecting business operations.

d)

Cultural values and beliefs influencing employee behavior.

41.

What is the 'Triple Bottom Line (People, Planet, Profit)'?

a)

A way of measuring a business's success not just by its profit, but also by its positive social (people) and environmental (planet) impact.

b)

A method for calculating a company's tax liabilities.

c)

A strategy for maximizing shareholder returns only.

d)

A marketing technique focused on increasing product sales.

42.

What is it called when two businesses from completely unrelated industries join together to form one company?

a)

Conglomerate Merger

b)

Horizontal Merger

c)

Vertical Merger

d)

Joint Venture

43.

Business Growth: The cost advantages a business gains as it increases its size, allowing it to produce things more cheaply is known as ________.

a)

Economies of Scale

b)

Marginal Costing

c)

Depreciation

d)

Break-even Analysis

44.

Business Growth: Expanding a business by joining with or buying another business, such as through a merger or takeover, is called ________.

a)

External Growth

b)

Organic Growth

c)

Internal Recruitment

d)

Market Segmentation

45.

Business Growth: When two businesses that are in the same industry and at the same stage of production join together (e.g., one car maker buys another), this is called ________.

a)

Horizontal Merger

b)

Vertical Merger

c)

Conglomerate Merger

d)

Franchise Agreement

46.

Business Growth: Expanding a business from within, such as by opening new locations, hiring more staff, or launching new products, is known as ________.

a)

Internal Growth (Organic)

b)

External Growth (Inorganic)

c)

Franchising

d)

Mergers and Acquisitions

47.

The two main ways businesses combine, either as equals (merger) or with one company buying a controlling stake in the other (takeover), are called ________.

a)

Mergers and takeovers

b)

Joint ventures and franchises

c)

Partnerships and alliances

d)

Divestitures and consolidations

48.

Business Growth: When two businesses at different stages of production in the same industry join together (e.g., a car maker buys a tire company), this is called ________.

a)

Vertical Merger

b)

Horizontal Merger

c)

Conglomerate Merger

d)

Joint Venture

49.

When one company buys another company against the wishes of the target company's management, this is called a ________.

a)

Hostile Takeover

b)

Friendly Merger

c)

Joint Venture

d)

Strategic Alliance

50.

Human Resource Management (HRM): A multi-day event used in recruitment where candidates complete various exercises (like interviews and group tasks) to see how they perform is called ________.

a)

Assessment centers

b)

Job fairs

c)

Reference checks

d)

Exit interviews

51.

Human Resource Management (HRM): Providing employees with long-term opportunities to grow their skills and advance their careers within the company is known as ________.

a)

Development

b)

Recruitment

c)

Orientation

d)

Termination

52.

The overall mood, attitude, satisfaction, and confidence that employees feel at work is called ________.

a)

Employee morale

b)

Job description

c)

Work schedule

d)

Salary structure

53.

A legally binding agreement between an employer and an employee that outlines the terms and conditions of their job is called an ________.

a)

Employment contract

b)

Job description

c)

Reference letter

d)

Performance review

54.

The process of hiring a new employee from outside the company is called ________.

a)

External recruitment

b)

Internal recruitment

c)

Job rotation

d)

Employee referral

55.

The department responsible for managing a company's workforce, including hiring, training, pay, and employee relations, is called ________.

a)

Human Resource Management (HRM)

b)

Marketing Department

c)

Finance Department

d)

Operations Management

56.

The training given to new employees when they first start a job to help them settle in and learn about the company is called ________.

a)

Induction training

b)

On-the-job training

c)

Apprenticeship

d)

Job rotation

57.

Human Resource Management (HRM): The process of filling a job vacancy with an existing employee from within the company is called ________.

a)

Internal recruitment

b)

External recruitment

c)

Job rotation

d)

Outsourcing

58.

A formal meeting where a job candidate is asked questions by an employer to see if they are suitable for the job is called an ________.

a)

Interview

b)

Conference

c)

Seminar

d)

Workshop

59.

Human Resource Management (HRM): The process of studying a job to determine its detailed duties, responsibilities, and required skills is called ________.

a)

Job analysis

b)

Job evaluation

c)

Recruitment

d)

Orientation

60.

A document that lists the main tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a specific job is called a ________.

a)

Job description

b)

Job application

c)

Job offer

d)

Job evaluation

61.

Fill in the blank: ________ is training that takes place away from the employee's normal workplace, such as at a college or a specialized training center.

a)

Off-the-job training

b)

On-the-job training

c)

Job rotation

d)

Mentoring

62.

Fill in the blank: ________ is training that is given while an employee is actually doing their job, often supervised by a more experienced colleague.

a)

On-the-job training

b)

Off-the-job training

c)

Distance learning

d)

Classroom training

63.

Fill in the blank: ________ is a document that lists the skills, qualifications, experience, and personal qualities needed to do a particular job.

a)

Person specification

b)

Job description

c)

Resume

d)

Application form

64.

Fill in the blank: ________ are tests used in recruitment to measure a candidate's personality, mental abilities, or behavioral style.

a)

Psychometric tests

b)

Aptitude interviews

c)

Technical rounds

d)

Reference checks

65.

Fill in the blank: ________ is the overall process of finding and attracting qualified people to apply for a job.

a)

Recruitment

b)

Orientation

c)

Appraisal

d)

Termination

66.

Fill in the blank: ________ is the process of choosing the best candidate to fill a job vacancy from all the applicants who applied.

a)

Selection

b)

Recruitment

c)

Training

d)

Orientation

67.

Fill in the blank: ________ is teaching employees the specific skills and knowledge they need to perform their jobs correctly and efficiently.

a)

Training

b)

Recruitment

c)

Appraisal

d)

Promotion

68.

Fill in the blank: ________ is providing for the general health, happiness, comfort, and safety of employees while they are at work.

a)

Welfare

b)

Discipline

c)

Salary

d)

Promotion

69.

Fill in the blank: ________ is the process of analyzing and forecasting the number of employees and the skills the company will need in the future.

a)

Workforce planning

b)

Job evaluation

c)

Performance appraisal

d)

Succession planning

70.

Fill in the blank: The idea that people are motivated to act only if they believe their effort will lead to good performance and a desirable reward is called ________.

a)

Expectancy theory (Vroom)

b)

Equity theory

c)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

d)

Herzberg's two-factor theory

71.

Fill in the blank: The discovery that people's behavior and performance can improve simply because they know they are being observed is called the ________.

a)

Hawthorne effect

b)

Placebo effect

c)

Pygmalion effect

d)

Bandwagon effect

72.

Fill in the blank: The theory that says people are motivated by five levels of needs, from basic survival to self-fulfillment, and must satisfy lower-level needs first is called ________.

a)

Hierarchy of needs (Maslow)

b)

Equity theory

c)

Two-factor theory

d)

Expectancy theory

73.

Fill in the blank: The motivation theory suggesting that workers are more motivated by social factors, like teamwork and feeling valued, than by money alone is called ________.

a)

Human relations school (Mayo)

b)

Scientific management (Taylor)

c)

Hierarchy of needs (Maslow)

d)

Theory X and Theory Y (McGregor)

74.

Fill in the blank: Parts of a job that, if poor, will make employees unhappy, but don't motivate them if they are good, are called ________.

a)

Hygiene factors

b)

Motivators

c)

Job enrichments

d)

Incentives

75.

Fill in the blank: The internal and external factors that stimulate a person's desire and energy to be continually interested and committed to a job are called ________.

a)

Motivation

b)

Delegation

c)

Supervision

d)

Compensation

76.

Fill in the blank: Parts of a job that give employees satisfaction and encourage them to work harder are called ________.

a)

Motivators

b)

Supervisors

c)

Regulators

d)

Obstacles

77.

Fill in the blank: The early motivation theory stating that workers are only motivated by pay and that jobs should be broken down into simple, repetitive tasks is called ________.

a)

Scientific management (Taylor)

b)

Human relations theory

c)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

d)

Equity theory

78.

Fill in the blank: The theory that job satisfaction (from motivators) and job dissatisfaction (from hygiene factors) are caused by two different sets of factors is called ________.

a)

Two-factor theory (Herzberg)

b)

Equity theory

c)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

d)

Expectancy theory

79.

What is the leadership style called where the leader makes all decisions by themselves without consulting the team?

a)

Autocratic leadership

b)

Democratic leadership

c)

Laissez-faire leadership

d)

Transformational leadership

80.

Which management function involves monitoring performance, comparing it to goals, and making corrections as needed?

a)

Controlling

b)

Planning

c)

Organizing

d)

Leading

81.

What is the leadership style called where the leader involves the team in the decision-making process?

a)

Democratic leadership

b)

Autocratic leadership

c)

Laissez-faire leadership

d)

Transactional leadership

82.

Name the four key roles of a manager?

a)

Functions of management

b)

Types of leadership

c)

Levels of authority

d)

Styles of communication

83.

What is the hands-off leadership style where the leader gives the team a lot of freedom to make their own decisions and manage their own work?

a)

Laissez-faire leadership

b)

Autocratic leadership

c)

Transactional leadership

d)

Transformational leadership

84.

What is the ability to inspire, influence, and guide a group of people towards achieving a common goal called?

a)

Leadership

b)

Management

c)

Teamwork

d)

Delegation

85.

What are the different ways that a person in charge (a leader) behaves, makes decisions, and directs their team called?

a)

Leadership styles

b)

Team meetings

c)

Group projects

d)

Management tools

86.

Which management function involves motivating, directing, and inspiring employees to work hard to achieve the company's goals?

a)

Leading

b)

Planning

c)

Controlling

d)

Organizing

87.

What is the process of organizing, planning, and controlling people and resources in order to achieve a company's goals called?

a)

Management

b)

Delegation

c)

Supervision

d)

Coordination

88.

Which management function involves arranging tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work efficiently?

a)

Organizing

b)

Planning

c)

Controlling

d)

Leading

89.

Which management function involves setting goals for the future and deciding on the strategies and tasks needed to achieve them?

a)

Planning

b)

Organizing

c)

Controlling

d)

Leading

90.

What is the flexible leadership theory suggesting that a leader should change their style based on the situation and the experience of their team members called?

a)

Situational leadership

b)

Transformational leadership

c)

Transactional leadership

d)

Autocratic leadership

91.

What is a special feature, skill, or benefit that allows a company to outperform its rivals called?

a)

Competitive advantage

b)

Market share

c)

Brand loyalty

d)

Cost leadership

92.

What are the four key elements a business uses in its marketing strategy called?

a)

Marketing mix (4 Ps)

b)

SWOT analysis

c)

Value proposition

d)

Customer journey

93.

What are the long-term plans a company creates to promote and sell its products and achieve its marketing objectives called?

a)

Marketing strategies

b)

Sales tactics

c)

Financial reports

d)

Operational procedures

94.

What is it called when customers consistently choose to buy a specific brand over all others, even when alternatives are available?

a)

Brand loyalty

b)

Brand awareness

c)

Brand equity

d)

Brand positioning

95.

What is the process of creating a unique name, logo, and identity for a product to make it easily recognizable and desirable called?

a)

Branding

b)

Packaging

c)

Advertising

d)

Manufacturing

96.

What is the term for the container or wrapper for a product, which serves to protect, identify, and promote the product to customers?

a)

Packaging

b)

Labeling

c)

Branding

d)

Advertising

97.

What is the actual good (like a phone) or service (like a haircut) that a business sells to its customers called?

a)

Product

b)

Revenue

c)

Expense

d)

Supplier

98.

What are the four distinct stages a product goes through, from its launch until it is eventually removed from the market?

a)

Product life cycle (introduction, growth, maturity, decline)

b)

Marketing mix (product, price, place, promotion)

c)

SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats)

d)

Market segmentation (demographic, geographic, psychographic, behavioral)

99.

Setting a product's price at a similar level to what the competition is charging is called:

a)

Competitive pricing

b)

Cost-plus pricing

c)

Penetration pricing

d)

Value-based pricing

100.

A simple pricing method where the price is calculated by adding a percentage (the profit margin) to the cost of making the product is known as:

a)

Cost-plus pricing

b)

Penetration pricing

c)

Value-based pricing

d)

Dynamic pricing