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WorksheetsHuman Disease & Prevention Test - Study Guide
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 13mins
What is a communicable disease?
A condition that is spread between people, animals, or objects
A disease that cannot be treated
A condition caused by lack of exercise
A disease that only affects plants
What is a pathogen?
Disease-causing agents
Beneficial bacteria
Nutrient molecules
Genetic material
Name all 4 types of pathogens.
Virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa
Virus, bacteria, algae, protozoa
Virus, bacteria, fungi, prions
Virus, bacteria, fungi, archaea
Define virus.
A pathogen made of genetic material and proteins that is not alive
A living organism that can reproduce on its own
A type of bacteria that causes disease
A cell that produces antibodies
How does a protozoa cause illness?
The single-celled organism attaches to a healthy cell and robs it of all nutrients
It produces antibodies that fight off infections
It strengthens the immune system to prevent diseases
It helps healthy cells multiply faster
Name a disease caused by viruses.
Chicken Pox
Tuberculosis
Scurvy
Diabetes
Name a disease caused by bacteria.
Tuberculosis
Influenza
Malaria
Chickenpox
Name a disease caused by fungi.
Ringworm
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Dengue
Typhoid
Name a disease caused by protozoa.
Malaria
Tuberculosis
Influenza
Ringworm
Give an example how a disease would be spread through direct contact.
Anything involving physically touching the pathogen such as skin to skin contact or transfer of body fluids
Breathing in airborne particles from a sneeze
Eating contaminated food
Being bitten by an insect
Give an example how a disease would be spread through indirect contact.
Anything involving sharing contaminated items or airborne transmission
Directly touching an infected person
Receiving a vaccine
Eating healthy food
What is the epidemiological triangle?
A model that explains how the three factors of disease development interact (host, agent, environment).
A geometric shape used in medical imaging.
A type of vaccine delivery system.
A method for calculating population growth rates.
How can you actively protect yourself from illness?
Keep your distance from people who are sick, don’t share food or drinks, wash your hands in warm, soapy water for 20 seconds; keep your hands away from your face, handle food safely, wash fruits & vegetables, clean surfaces thoroughly, clean up after pets, etc.
Only eat fast food and avoid fruits and vegetables.
Share food and drinks with as many people as possible.
Never wash your hands after touching pets or surfaces.
What are some healthy habits that help you stay safe from illness?
Eat a balanced diet, bathe daily with soap, avoid tobacco/vape/alcohol/drugs, get 7-10 hours of sleep every night, rest when you are sick, get check-ups at the doctor regularly.
Eat only junk food, skip bathing, use tobacco/vape/alcohol/drugs, sleep less than 5 hours, never visit the doctor.
Ignore personal hygiene, eat unbalanced meals, stay up all night, and avoid medical check-ups.
Eat sweets all day, never wash your hands, and avoid sleep.
What are antibodies?
Proteins that detect and neutralize pathogens in the body.
Cells that produce hormones for growth.
Enzymes that break down food in the stomach.
Lipids that store energy in fat cells.
How do vaccines stop disease transmission in populations?
Herd immunity
Directly killing bacteria
Increasing disease spread
Causing symptoms
Define contagious period.
The length of time that a disease can be transmitted from person to person.
The time when symptoms first appear in a patient.
The duration of immunity after recovery from a disease.
The period when a disease is not detectable by tests.
Define incubation period.
The length of time that it takes for symptoms of a disease to show after infection.
The time taken for a vaccine to become effective.
The period during which a disease is contagious.
The duration of treatment required for recovery.
How are STIs spread?
Through sexual contact- skin to skin contact or exchange of body fluids.
By sharing food and drinks.
Through mosquito bites.
By casual contact such as hugging or shaking hands.
Name at least 2 sexually transmitted infections.
Chlamydia, herpes, HPV/genital warts, pubic lice/crabs, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.
Influenza, chickenpox, measles, mumps, rubella, etc.
Tuberculosis, pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, etc.
Diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, osteoporosis, etc.
What is the only way to fully prevent getting an STI?
Abstinence
Using condoms
Getting vaccinated
Regular medical check-ups
What does HIV stand for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Human Immune Virus
Human Infection Virus
Health Immunity Virus
What does AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Acute Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Auto Immune Disease Syndrome
Acquired Immune Disease Syndrome
What is the first step in the progression of HIV to AIDS:
HIV attacks T-cells and replaces the cell’s genetic material with its own
HIV attacks red blood cells and causes anemia
HIV increases the number of T-cells in the body
HIV only affects the digestive system
What is Opportunistic Infection?
An infection that occurs in an individual with an already-weakened immune system
An infection that only affects healthy individuals
An infection caused by regular exposure to bacteria
An infection that is always fatal
How can HIV be spread from mother to child?
During pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding
Only through sharing food
Only through mosquito bites
Only through hugging
What are the two ways that HIV cannot be spread?
Skin-to-skin contact or airborne
Sharing needles
Unprotected sex
Blood transfusion
Define noncommunicable disease:
Disease that cannot be spread from person to person
Disease caused by bacteria and viruses
Disease that spreads through air and water
Disease that is always inherited from parents
What is a congenital disorder?
A condition that is present at birth
A disease caused by bacteria
A disorder acquired in adulthood
A condition resulting from poor nutrition
What are the 3 main risk factors of non communicable disease?
Heredity, lifestyle choices, environmental factors
Viral infections, bacteria, fungi
Vaccination, antibiotics, hygiene
Physical injury, surgery, acute pain
Define cancer:
A disease that occurs when abnormal cells multiply out of control
A type of bacterial infection that affects the lungs
A genetic disorder that only affects children
A temporary condition caused by a virus
List a way that you can actively protect yourself from cancer.
Wearing sunscreen, avoiding alcohol, smoking, and drugs; limiting radiation exposure
Eating junk food, avoiding exercise, and smoking regularly.
Ignoring regular health checkups and consuming processed foods.
Exposing yourself to excessive sunlight without protection and drinking alcohol frequently.
List the 3 most common treatment options for cancer:
Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy
Physical therapy, acupuncture, and herbal supplements
Antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and painkillers
Dietary changes, exercise, and meditation
Chemotherapy works to fight cancer by:
Killing or stopping the growth of cancer cells
Boosting the immune system to attack cancer cells only
Replacing cancerous cells with healthy cells directly
Preventing the body from producing any new cells
What does the A in CAUTION stand for?
Abnormal discharge
A sore that does not heal
Allergies
Abnormal lumps and swelling
The difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest is:
A heart attack is caused by blocked blood flow to the heart, while cardiac arrest is when the heart suddenly stops beating.
A heart attack is when the heart stops beating, while cardiac arrest is caused by blocked blood flow.
Both are the same medical condition.
Cardiac arrest is less serious than a heart attack.
A stroke is:
a sudden interruption in the blood supply to the brain
a type of muscle cramp in the leg
an allergic reaction to medication
a mild headache that lasts for days
The difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes is:
Type 1 is caused by lack of insulin production, while Type 2 is caused by insulin resistance.
Type 1 is always genetic, while Type 2 is always due to poor diet.
Type 1 only affects children, while Type 2 only affects adults.
Type 1 can be cured with exercise, while Type 2 cannot.
Select the 3 main risk factors for osteoarthritis from the options below.
Age, obesity, joint injury
Smoking, diabetes, hypertension
High calcium intake, low vitamin D, dehydration
Viral infection, anemia, low blood pressure
Rheumatoid arthritis occurs due to:
an autoimmune response attacking joint tissues
a bacterial infection in the joints
excessive wear and tear of cartilage
accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints
