WorksheetsGerm Theory Review
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 3hrs 48mins
Antibiotics will kill which of the following:
viruses
fungus
protists
bacteria
Redi's experiment where he showed that maggots come from flies, not from meat, DISPROVES what theory?
biogenesis
spontaneous generation
relativity
pathogens
The idea that microorganisms cause disease is called________.
disease theory
Koch's postulates
bacteria theory
germ theory
Which scientist worked with broth to discover that the idea of spontaneous generation is wrong?
Koch
Semmelweis
Pasteur
Snow
What can help stop the spread of viruses?
isolating bad air
antibiotics
removing all water pumps
vaccination
T/F: A vaccine contains a strong, live virus.
True
False
T/F: Antibiotics can be used to treat viral infections.
True
False
Louis Pasteur helped discredit what theory?
Evolution
Miasma theory
Spontaneous generation
Germ theory
Antibiotics will kill which of the following:
viruses
fungus
protists
bacteria
Some unicellular organisms are motile and some are nonmotile. Which cellular structure are associated with movement?
Flagella
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts
Ribosomes
Which statement regarding viruses is true?
Viruses are generally larger than cells
A virus can only reproduce inside of a living cell
Viruses are unicellular
Viruses do not contain DNA
The flu, which is caused by Influenza, is caused by a?
Bacteria
Virus
Which pathogens are largest in size?
Viruses
Bacteria
Both viruses and bacteria are about the same size
Composed of a protein coat called a capsid which contains DNA or RNA, or never both?
Viruses
Bacteria
Both viruses and bacteria
Which one(s) reproduce on their own both sexually and asexually?
Viruses
Bacteria
Both viruses and bacteria
Which one(s) reproduce by hi-jacking a host cell machinery?
Viruses
Bacteria
Both viruses and bacteria
A disease causing microorganism such as fungi, protozoans, parasites, bacteria, or virus is called a _____________________.
Pathogen
Infectious Disease
Virus
Bacteria
Antibiotics can treat infections caused by __________________.
viruses
bacteria
viruses or bacteria
anything
What is a host?
An organism that eats another organism
An organism or a cell that the virus needs to reproduce in
Something that causes harm to the cell
The person that greats you at a resturant
Which cycle kills the host cell immediately?
Lytic
Lysogenic
A virus that hides within the host cell for up to years is going through the _______ cycle.
Lytic
Lysogenic
single celled organism that lacks a nucleus
bacteria
cell wall
flagellum
endospore
a long, whip-like structure that helps a cell to move.
pasteurization
bacteria
flagellum
endospore
Theory that states that microscopic organisms named germs can cause disease in the human body.
The big bang Theory
Spontaneous Generation Theory
Germ theory of disease
The Pasteur Theory
All viruses are different, but what are two parts that a virus must have?
Genetic Information (DNA or RNA)
a lipid membrane
a nucleus
a protein coat
Which statement is true?
A virus has a nucleus, but no other organelles.
A virus has a nucleus and ribosomes.
A virus has no organelles, because it has no cells, and it is non-living.
Once a virus gets into a cell, it
Releases its DNA or RNA into the cell.
It begins to create DNA or RNA in the cell.
It destroys its own DNA and RNA in the cell.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
they need genetic material
They need a host cell
They need bacteria
They need insulin
The flu is caused by a virus.
What part of a virus is the protein capsule that houses the genetic material (DNA/RNA)?
tail
nucleus
capsid
glycoprotein
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (exploding)?
lytic
mitosis
lysogenic
S phase
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
lytic
mitosis
lysogenic
S phase
What is in the center of the virus?
Nucleic Acids (RNA or DNA)
Nucleus
Capsid
Glycoproteins (surface markers)
Protects the genome of a virus. Made out of protein.
Capsid
Nucleus
Glycoproteins (surface markers)
Nucleic Acids (DNA or RNA)
How do vaccines work against viruses?
Vaccines are like antibiotics, except they work against viruses.
Vaccines prepare the immune system to fight the virus without harming the host.
Vaccines make it impossible for a virus to enter a host cell.
Vaccines find viral DNA or RNA and cut it to pieces, making the virus unable to replicate.
How does influenza (flu virus) replicate?
Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cycle
Mitosis
Binary fission
Should a doctor give a patient antibiotics to treat a disease caused by a virus?
Yes, because antibiotics will stop the cellular processes of the virus, helping the patient get better faster.
Yes, because antibiotics will kill bacteria in the body, giving the immune system an easier time fighting the virus.
No, because diseases caused by viruses are always deadly, meaning that the patient cannot be saved.
No, because viruses are not cells, and antibiotics target cellular processes.
One important way to control the spread of viruses in through
the use of vaccines
drinking a lot of tea
the use of other types of bacteria
the use of antibiotics
Viruses require a host cell to
Breathe and eat
Replicate
Move and sleep
Make protein and carbohydrates
Which processes allows for the viruses DNA to lay "dormant" or hide in the host DNA while the cell reproduces?
Lytic
Lysogenic
Enveloped
Capsid
As a virus changes over time, it can affect different systems within the organism. This change of the virus is called a _______________.
mutation
melanin
metaphysics
Which viral cycle takes the longest to show symptoms?
Lysogenic
Lytic
When the viral DNA becomes active in the lysogenic cycle, which life cycle does it enter?
lytic
lysogenic
cell cycle
DNA replication
a process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacterial without changing the taste of the food.
pasteurization
flagellum
endospore
conjugation
a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides, forming two identical cells.
binary fission
conjugation
decomposer
pasteurization
The scientist who discovered penicillin (a type of anitbiotic).
Bill Nye
Alexander Flemming
Edward Jenner
Bill Gates
Bacteria are single-celled microscopic organisms
true
false
Type of medicine used to kill bacterial infections.
vaccine
antibiotics
pasteurization
vitamins
Nitrogen fixing bacteria help put nutrients back into the soil and help plants grow.
true
false
Which of the following is a true statement about bacteria?
Bacteria exist in only a few environments on earth
Bacteria can grow to extremely large sizes
Most bacteria are harmful to humans
Bacteria can be both harmful and helpful to humans
A small circular strand of DNA found in bacteria is called a
Conjugate
Peptidoglycan
Plasmid
Ribosome
Which of the following is NOT a beneficial role of bacteria in the environment?
Decomposing wastes
Developing resistance to antibiotics
Fixing nitrogen in soil
Aiding digestion
Bacteria can share plasmids with other bacteria through a process called
Binary fission
Conjugation
Latent sharing
Aiding digestion
Two bacteria produced by binary fission will be genetically identical to each other
True
False
Does a virus need to be specific on the type of cell it attaches to?
Yes
No
What is the first step to both cycles?
The virus attaches to a host
the virus injects genetic material
the host gets sick
the cell is destroyed
Which is true about both the archaebacteria and eubacteria kingdoms? (Select ALL that apply)
multicellular
unicellular
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
microscopic
Which is NOT true about archaebacteria?
Major groups are thermophiles, halophiles, and methanogens
Unicellular
Domain is archaea
Very common; found all around
all bacterias are
prokaryotic and mulitcellular
eukaryotic and multicellullar
prokaryotic and unicellular
eukaryotic and unicellular
eukaryotic means
no nucleus
has a nucleus
using high temperatures to kill the bacteria in milk
fermentation
respiration
pasteurization
which diseases below are bacterial?
botulism
colds
flu
salmonella
strept throat
diseases that cause strept throat, Salmonella, E.coli and botulism belong to which DOMAIN?
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Organisms that we find in hot springs and deep in ocean vents belong to which DOMAIN?
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Heat loving, prokaryotic organisms are classified as
Eukarya
Bacteria
Archaea
nature's recyclers; organisms that break down nutrients in the soil so that other organisms can use the nutrients
autotrophs
heterotrophs
decomposers
What is binary fission?
A form of asexual reproduction in which a single organism splits into two separate organisms.
A method of reproduction where an organism lays eggs
A process of cell division resulting in four separate organisms
A type of sexual reproduction involving two organisms
Which of the following is true about conjugation in bacteria reproduction?
Conjugation involves the fusion of two bacterial cells
Genetic material is transferred between two bacterial cells through a pilus.
Bacteria reproduce through spores
Conjugation only occurs in eukaryotic organisms
During binary fission, what happens to the DNA of the bacterial cell?
The DNA is destroyed
The DNA replicates and divides into two daughter cells.
The DNA remains unchanged
The DNA merges with the DNA of another bacterial cell
Which of the following is a key feature of conjugation in bacteria reproduction?
Exchange of nutrients between bacterial cells
Formation of spores for reproduction
Asexual reproduction through binary fission
Transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells
Vaccines trick your body into thinking it's been infected by a particular germ or pathogen.
True
False
Getting a vaccine is like
reading a book
a training session
chopping wood
all of these
When do allergies happen?
when the immune system thinks something is harmful when it's not
when the immune system doesn't work
Fill in the blank.
__ diseases can be passed to someone else
Contagious
Skin
virus
Chicken pox is an infectious disease which causes the patient’s body to be covered in blisters. Chicken pox does not respond to treatment with antibiotics. Is chicken pox a bacteria or a virus?
Bacteria
Viruses
Anything that leads to the infection of an individual, like a bacterium or a virus, can be referred to as a/an –
pathogen
eukaryote
stomach bug
vaccine
