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Biology Final

Total questions: 92

Worksheet time: 2hrs 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The study of biological inheritance patterns is called ___________.
a)
biolgoy
b)
genetics
c)
ecology
d)
anatomy
2.
The light reactions occur on the membrane of the ________________.
a)
cell wall 
b)
chloroplast
c)
stroma 
d)
thylakoid
3.
During which stage does the cytoplasm of a cell divide?
a)
interphase
b)
synthesis
c)
cytokinesis
d)
mitosis
4.
Inside the chloroplast is fluid that surrounds the different parts, this fluid is called _______________.
a)
grana
b)
thylakoid
c)
stroma
d)
stomata
5.
Bacteria reproduce via ______________.
a)
mitosiss
b)
binary fission
c)
chromatin
d)
chromatid
6.
The joining of a sperm and egg is _______________.
a)
reproduction
b)
fermentation
c)
fertilization
d)
matching
7.
Stacks of thylakoids are referred to as __________________.
a)
grana
b)
thylakoid piles
c)
stroma
d)
stomata
8.
The protein that holds two chromatids together in a chromosome is called a __________.
a)
centromere
b)
centriole
c)
chromatid
d)
chromosome
9.
A picture of all the chromosomes of an organism is a _______________.
a)
karyotype
b)
pedigree
c)
X-ray
d)
MRI
10.
An organism that DOES NOT have a membrane bound nucleus and organelles is called
a)
anerobic
b)
prokaryote
c)
eukaryote
d)
scapula
11.
The stage of a cell’s life that occupies the most time is ________.
a)
prophase
b)
interphase
c)
metaphase
d)
telophase
12.
Chromatids are _________.
a)
duplicate halves of chromosomes
b)
dense patches within the nucleus
c)
bacterial chromosomes
d)
prokaryotic cells
13.
How many chromosomes are in the bone cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?
a)
12
b)
4
c)
16
d)
8
14.

Which organelle is where protein synthesis occurs?

a)
ribosomes
b)

vacuoles

c)

vesicles

d)

golgi apparatus

15.
Separation of homologous chromosomes occurs during ____________.
a)
meiosis I
b)
Meiosis II
c)
fertilization
d)
mitosis I
16.
The proteins that DNA wrap around are called _____________.
a)
histones
b)
centrioles
c)
mitochondrion
d)
chromatids
17.
When the cell nucleus divides into two the process is called
a)
apoptosis
b)
mitosis
c)
cytokinesis
d)
interphase
18.
When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes ____________.
a)
mutate in the first division
b)
produce new genes
c)
decrease in number
d)
exchange corresponding segments of DNA
19.
Two copies of each autosome are called __________________.
a)
sex chromosomes
b)
homologous chromosomes
c)
haploid
d)
somatic cells
20.
A _____________ is a section of DNA containing instructions for a specific protein.
a)
trait 
b)
gene
c)
allele
d)
chromosomes
21.
Cells that only contain one set of chromosomes are said to be ________________.
a)
diploid
b)
haploid
c)
triploid
d)
single
22.
The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are present in a human egg cell?
a)
23
b)
92
c)
46
d)
12
23.
A physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things is called a(n).
a)
Biosphere
b)
ecosystem
c)
habitat
d)
adaptation
24.
The variety of life across the biosphere is called
a)
biodiversity
b)
genomics
c)
homeostasis
d)
ecology
25.
What is the name given for genetic changes in living things over time?
a)
adaptation
b)
homeostasis
c)
evolution
d)
negative feedback
26.
Which organelle do plants have that animals don’t?
a)
mitochondrion
b)
cell wall
c)
cell membrane
d)
nucleus
27.
The structure of DNA is described as a _______________________.
a)
loop
b)
ladder
c)
chain
d)
double helix
28.
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis require ___________________.
a)
water
b)
sugar
c)
sunlight
d)
oxygen
29.

Which organelle synthesizes lipids

a)

nucleus

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

lysosome

d)

central vacuole

30.
Chromosomes 1-22 are called ___________________.
a)
autosomes
b)
alleles
c)
sex chromosomes
d)
germ cells
31.
Vacuoles are plant organelles that perform what function?
a)
reproduction
b)
storage
c)
growth
d)
energy
32.
The small holes in the nuclear envelope are called ______________.
a)
nuclear openings
b)
nuclear pores
c)
nuclear holes
d)
nucleoulus
33.

What organelle digests old organelles, foreign substances, and damaged DNA? Also capable of making a cell go through apoptosis?

a)
cytosol
b)
lysosome
c)
plastid
d)
golgi apparatus
34.

What organelle goes through cellular respiration?

a)
golgi apparatus
b)
ribosomes
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
mitochondria
35.

This form of respiration requires oxygen, while this form of respiration does not.

a)

aerobic, anaerobic

b)

biotic, abiotic

c)

abiotic, biotic

d)

anaerobic, aerobic

36.
What is the best answer with regards to cell shape.
a)
most cells are circular
b)
cells come in a variety of shapes to suit their functions
c)
bigger cells are able to perform more complex behavior
d)
most cells are colorless
37.

Which organelle is essential to regulating what goes in and out to maintain homeostasis?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

cell membrane

d)

cell wall

38.
Which of the following is not a part of the cell theory?
a)
all living things are composed of cells
b)
cells only arise from existing cells
c)
cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms
d)
most cells are able to reproduce sexually
39.

This microscope allows us to view organelles in great detail.

a)

light microscope

b)

dissecting microscope 

c)

transmission electron microscope

d)

scanning electron microscope

40.
The process of capturing light from the sun and creating organic molecules is called ________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
photosynthesis
c)
chemosynthesis
d)
carotenoids
41.

If a heterozygous hybrid red plant (Rr) is crossed with a white plant (rr), what percentage of offspring will be red?

a)

25%

b)

100%

c)

50%

d)

75%

42.
During interphase a cell grows, duplicates organelles, and
a)
replicates DNA
b)
divides the nucleus
c)
divides the cytoplasm
d)
produces a new cell
43.

Which of these factors if changed could denature a protein, change its active site not allowing to function properly,

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

water

d)

salt concentration

44.
A white rabbit and a red rabbit are crossed and produce a brown rabbit.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
polygenetic trait
d)
sex linked
45.
What is a codon?
a)
three amino acids that code for a protein
b)
a protein that results from DNA
c)
three nucleotides that code for an amino acid
d)
a nucleotide that codes for a protein
46.

An organism that has 2 different alleles for a trait is _____.

a)

homozygous

b)

haploid

c)

homologous

d)

heterozygous

47.

Which of the following categories of organic molecules is CORRECTLY matched to its function?

a)

nucleic acids- digest old cell parts

b)

lipids - gives quick energy to cells

c)

carbohydrates- stores genetic material

d)

proteins- provides structure to hair, skin and nails

48.

Which of the following levels of organization BEST represents the sequence from smallest to largest?

a)

Cell, tissue, organism, organ

b)

Cell, organism, organ, tissue

c)

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

d)

Cell, organism, tissue, organ system

49.

Which phase of mitosis is being represented in the image?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

50.

Which stage of mitosis is being shown in the image?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

e)

cytokinesis

51.

This process being shown increases genetic variation in organisms.

a)

doubling up

b)

crossing over

c)

dividing chromosomes

d)

genetic switching

52.

This is the mechanism by which nature is the selective agent in individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations

a)

artificial selection

b)

natural selection

c)

heritability

d)

fitness

53.
What is a decomposer?
a)
eating food with your teeth
b)
any organsim, such as bacteria or fungus, that breaks down organic material as a source of food
c)
an animal eating another animal
d)
is a secondary consumer
54.
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
a)
compensating
b)
homeostasis
c)
balancing
d)
routine
55.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
they slow down chemical reactions
c)
they speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
56.
What are the raw materials for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and water
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
glucose and carbon dioxide
d)
water and carbon dioxide
57.
What is created as a product of cell respiration?
a)
energy (ATP)
b)
glucose (C6H12O6)
c)
oxygen (O2)
d)
sodium chloride (NaCl)
58.
During this process, glucose (C6H12O6) is created in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
a)
Cell respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Diffusion
d)
Mitosis
59.

Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

a)

CO2 + H2O --light--> O2 + glucose

b)

CO2 + glucose + H2O --> O2 + ATP

c)

O2 + H2O --light--> CO2 + glucose

d)

CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ glucose

60.
Contains DNA and RNA
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
61.
Provides long term energy and insulation,
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
62.
Identify the macromolecule in the picture.
* look at the R.....
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins 
d)
nucleic acids
63.

Water is the universal ____.

a)

solute

b)

solvent

c)

solution

64.
A HYPOTONIC solution has a ______________ concentration of solute (dissolved stuff) than inside the cell.
a)
lower
b)
equal
c)
higher
65.
Which macromolecule is shown?
 View Figure 1 (if not visible)
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
66.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
67.
Enzymes are..
a)
nucleic acids 
b)
carbohydrates 
c)
lipids 
d)
proteins 
68.

What does xylem transport?

a)

Water and minerals

b)

Water only

c)

Sugar

d)

Food

69.

What does phloem transport?

a)

Water

b)

Minerals

c)

Fruit

d)

Sugar

70.
Plant absorbs water through the _________. 
a)
stem
b)
roots 
c)
leaves 
d)
all of the above
71.
The tip of the style that has sticky hairs to trap pollen is the ___.
a)
stamen
b)
stigma
c)
ovary
d)
style
72.
The part of the stamen that produces pollen grains is the ___.
a)
anther
b)
pistil
c)
filament
d)
ovary
73.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

74.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
75.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
76.

Which Karyotype displays a female with Down syndrome?

a)
b)
c)
d)
77.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

78.

The chromosomal mutation shown in the image is a

a)

deletion

b)

duplication

c)

inversion

d)

translocation

79.

The chromosomal mutation shown in the image is a

a)

deletion

b)

duplication

c)

inversion

d)

translocation

80.
Attractions between water molecules are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
81.
Water is polar because...
a)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.
b)
The molecule has two poles, at which the it is colder than other regions of the molecule.
c)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.
d)
The water molecule is neutral.
82.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
83.
A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7
a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
84.
A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
85.
In an appropriately designed experiment, a scientist is able to test the effect of
a)
 a single variable
b)
 multiple variables
c)
 the hypothesis
d)
 scientific observations
86.
In order to be accepted, a scientific theory must be
a)
 widely tested and supported by extensive data
b)
 based on the results of a single experiment
c)
 controversial and cause debate
d)
 in line with all previous historical ideas
87.
The graph below shows atmospheric carbon dioxide levels since the year 1880.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph
a)
 Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are responsible for global temperature change.
b)
 Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been rising at about the same rate for the past century.
c)
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have remained the same over the past century.
d)
 Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been rising at an increasingly higher rate as the past century has progressed.
88.
An experiment was carried out to determine whether drinking caffeinated soda increases pulse rate. The pulse rates of two groups of people at rest were measured. Group A was then given caffeinated soda and group B was given caffeine-free soda. One hour after drinking the soda, the pulse rates were measured. The participants in the experiment were all the same age, and they were all given the same amount of soda. The dependent variable in this experiment is the
a)
type of soda given to each group
b)
amount of soda given to each group
c)
 pulse rate of each group
d)
age of participants in each group
89.
In which type of relationship do both species benefit?
a)
parasitism
b)
mutualism
c)
commensalism
90.
Which is an example of a parasitic relationship?
a)
a bee pollinates a flower
b)
a tapeworm takes nutrients from a dog
c)
an orchid lives in a tree but does not harm the tree
91.
Barnacles grow on whales.  Whales give the barnacles a place to live but the barnacles do not help or harm the whale.  Which type of relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitiesm
92.

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

90%

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