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WorksheetsEcology Unit Review
Total questions: 92
Worksheet time: 8hrs 40mins
An organism that makes its own food within its cells. (a)
Another name for a Heterotroph is...
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
Which type of organism is referred to as a Autotroph? (a)
NON-living parts of an ecosystem are collectively called (a)
Living (once living) parts of an ecosystem are collectively called...
Biotic
Diurnal
Abiotic
Assymetric
Which consumer eats only producers? (a)
Which consumer captures and eats other consumers only? (a)
Which consumer captures and eats other consumers and producers? (a)
This includes two or more populations that live in the same area. (a)
Which symbiotic relationship results in both organisms benefiting. (a)
Which symbiotic relationship results in one organism benefits and the other is not affected? (a)
Where are producers always located on a Ecological Energy Pyramid? (a)
Which level in an energy pyramid contains the most energy? (a)
When there is a long term close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species we call that? (a)
The job/role of an organism in its ecosystem is also known as its (a)
What is the diagram called? (a)
Identify the Producers in this diagram. Click all that apply.
Rabbit
Bacteria
Cactus
Grasshopper
Grass
Identify the Decomposers in this diagram. Click all that apply.
Rabbit
Bacteria
Cactus
Grasshopper
Grass
The Kangaroo Rat occupies which trophic level? (a)
The Lizard occupies which trophic level? (a)
Which of the following are a carnivore in this diagram? (a)
The diagram below represents a (a)
Where does all energy in an ecosystem start from? (a)
An individual belonging to a specific species (a)
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an (a) .
An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement (a)
The study of how living things interact with one another and with their environment. (a)
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area (a)
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area (a)
The image provided is an example of a(n): (a)
The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next (a)
An illustration that uses arrows to show the many possible directions in which matter and energy can pass through the organisms in an ecosystem. (a)
Water temperature would be an example of (a)
In which direction should an arrow be drawn to represent energy flow between these two organisms? (a)
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available? (a)
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2? (a)
A close, ongoing relationship between species in which at least one is benefiting and the other is not helped or harmed. (a)
An ongoing relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed. (a)
There are birds that eat the food from between the teeth of alligators, leaving the alligators with clean teeth and the birds with a meal. What type of ongoing relationship is this? (a)
Which of the following is a predator and prey relationship?
A. Cow and grass.
B. Vulture and a dead lion.
C. Tick and a deer.
D. Spider and a fly.
What best describes the type of relationship that occurs between grasshoppers and mice? (a)
What's missing from the food web? (a)
An organism`s role in its community is its (a) , and where it lives is its (b) .
Which statement best describes these two species?
Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.
Species A is a host and species B is its parasite
Species A is a predator and species B is its prey
Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.
One season, there was a shortage of producers in a food web. As a result, the number of deer and wolves decreased. The reason that both the deer and wolf populations declined is that
A. producers are not as important as consumers in a food web
B. more producers than consumers are needed to support the food web
C. organisms in this food web are independent
D. populations tend to stay constant in a food web
The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The Aswan High Dam contains the flow of the water from the river and reduces the annual fall flooding. The floodwater is trapped behind the huge dam, allowing irrigation for agriculture. Sediments that would be washed away by the annual floods are also trapped behind the dam. The graph shows the water flow from the Nile that enters the Mediterranean Sea. How has this dam most likely affected the Mediterranean Sea ecosystem?
Reduced nutrients from the land support fewer producers in the sea.
Water trapped behind the dam causes the marine ecosystems to move inland.
The flooding in August through November causes marine life to be destroyed.
The water temperature of the sea has increased.
The Texas blind salamander lives in the Edwards Aquafer region of San Marcos. Along with other species, the salamander lives in total darkness in the underground crevices and caves of the aquifer region. The table lists some of the organisms that live in this environment and their food sources. In an energy pyramid for these aquifer cave dwellers, which of the following would be placed at the bottom? (a)
The trout is a fish that lays its eggs in cold fresh water. Trout eat smaller fish. The graph provided shows the population of trout un the state of Wisconsin between the years of 1999 - 2014. Which change to the ecosystem would most likely had the largest effect on the population of the trout in Wisconsin? ++++
A hard freeze of many of the lakes in Wisconsin in the winter on 2006
The slow rise in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 1999 - 2014
The rise in population of smaller fish in Wisconsin between 2005 - 2014
The slow decrease in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 2001 - 2014
These graphs show how two factors for a certain region changed over time: the number of predators that prey on mice and number of plants of the type that the mice eat. Based on the information from these graphs, in which of the following years would the population of mice have been the highest?
1996
1998
2000
2002
The energy organisms need to live and grow first enters the ecosystem when___
secondary consumers eat primary consumers.
primary consumers eat plants for food.
decomposers break down dead organisms.
plants take in light energy from the Sun.
Two species of fish live in the same pond. They eat the same kinds of plants. They are eaten by the same water birds. Which of the following would increase competition between these two species of fish?
Average habitat temperature increases
Population of water birds increases.
Water level in the pond decreases.
Number of food plants increases
Which level contains the most energy? (a)
Where are producers always located on a Ecological Energy Pyramid? (a)
The pearlfish receives protection from predators by living inside a sea cucumber. The sea cucumber is not affected during this interaction. This ecological relationship is known as -
predator-prey because the pearlfish is prey to the sea cucumber
mutualism because only the pearlfish benefits in this ecological relationship
parasitism because the pearlfish causes harm to the host sea cucumber
commensalism because only the pearlfish benefits while the sea cucumber is not affected
competition because the sea cucumber and pearlfish often fight for living space
The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...
Food and Water
Water and Sunlight
Temperature and Oxygen
Water and Temperature
Read the following scenario and determine which ecological relationship is depicted -
Mistle toe plants are common house decorations around the holidays. Mistle toes are plants that attach themselves to hosts such as a tree. Once attached, the mistletoes begin to tap into the vascular system of trees and draws out vital nutrients and water from the host tree. The host tree is harmed over time and may result in stunted growth.
Predator-Prey
Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
What do the arrows in the food chain indicate about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?
Energy is continuously recycled by the organisms in an ecosystem.
Energy flows in one direction in an ecosystem, from producers to consumers.
More of the available energy in an ecosystem is given to large animals than to small animals.
Organisms at the end of the food chain receive more energy than those at the beginning.
What valid conclusion can you draw about the total deer population from the graph shown?
The total deer population increased gradually over time
An increase in limiting factors occurred in the year 1900
A decline in food sources occurred from years 1750-1900
A sample of bacteria was added to a culture dish containing a limited food supply. (Culture dishes are designed to help bacteria grow.) The dish was kept in an incubator for two weeks, where temperature that bacteria prefer to live in was kept constant. The graph to the right shows changes that occurred in the bacterial population over the two weeks.
Which statement provides the best explanation for the population increase then decrease?
The bacteria were unable to reproduce until day 8.
The bacteria ate all of the available food.
The bacteria could not grow at all in the provided temperatures.
The bacteria could not grow at all with the provided food type.
Fox squirrels are common in Texas. Fox squirrels primarily eat acorns and nuts from trees but also eat insects. Some predators of fox squirrels include owls, snakes, and bobcats.
Which diagram best represents how energy would flow to and from the fox squirrel?
The diagram below shows an energy pyramid. In a marine ecosystem, algae carry out photosynthesis. Barracuda eat snapper fish. Reef sharks eat barracuda.
Which organism would be at the top of the energy pyramid?
algae
reef shark
barracuda
snapper fish
A farmer wants to expand the family farm, but doesn't want to negatively affect the local red tail hawk population. The farmer knows the following about the red tail hawk. 1. They nest in the nearby forest in the tall parts of the trees. 2. They eat fish, rats, mice, rabbits, lizards and birds. 3. They hunt in open fields, plains, lakes and rivers. What choice below would have the largest negative impact on the red tail hawk population?
Cut down the forest to plant a wheat field.
Change the flow a nearby river to open up a field to plant corn
Plant an apple orchard on part of an open field.
Build a barn to park the tractor
The food web below shows some of the feeding relationships among organisms in Arctic waters.
Which organism would be least affected by overfishing for cod in Arctic waters?
seals
shrimp
baleen whales
toothed whales
Which of the following best describes the role of bacteria in the food web above?
Uses energy from light, to combine oxygen, carbon dioxide and water and converts it into energy in the form of sugar.
Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to break down dead organisms and waste material into nutrients.
Controls the population by removing energy from living organisms
Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to transfers energy
This global food web shows how parts of a meadow ecosystem interact with parts of a marsh ecosystem.
Which of these is a food chain that is part of the global food web?
meadow grass → rabbit → fox → hawk
marsh grass → snail → small fish → hawk
marsh grass → grasshopper → mouse → fox
meadow grass → grasshopper → praying mantis → small fish
Gopher tortoises create their homes by digging holes in well-drained sandy soils throughout the southeast region of the U.S. The Florida pine snakes will sometimes share the hole with the tortoises to shelter from weather or fire. Which of the following examples demonstrates the same type of relationship?
Moths lay eggs in the seedpods of the yucca plant, the larvae hatch and feed on some but not all of the seeds and the moth acts as a pollinator for the plant.
The goby fish and blind shrimp live in a tunnel in the sand created by the shrimp and when a predator is near the goby fish will touch the shrimp to warn it.
Tapeworms live in the digestive system and eat partially digested food which eventually deprives the host of food and nourishment
A Pseudoscorpion is a tiny scorpion with no stinger that moves from place to place by hitching a ride on much larger insects
A student researching a northern forest ecosystem learns the following information about feeding relationships in the ecosystem.
Which food web best represents the flow of energy in these feeding relationships?
Mealy bugs are small insects that live on various types of plants and feed on their sap. When there is a large population of mealy bugs occupying a plant, they may remove too much sap causing the plant to change color or wilt. Ladybugs eat mealy bugs and are often used in greenhouses to control the population. Which type of relationship exists between the mealybugs’ ladybugs and plants?
The relationship between the ladybugs and mealybugs are an example of competition.
The ladybugs and mealybugs are an example of predation while the mealybugs and plants are an example of parasitism.
The ladybugs and plants are an example of mutualism while the mealybugs and plants are an example of parasitism.
The mealybugs and plants are an example of commensalism while the ladybugs and plants are an example of predation.
Match the grassland organism to its category.
Producer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Apex Predator
There are 4 types of heterotrophs. Match each with its description
herbivore
gets energy from eating vegetation
omnivore
gets energy from eating meat and vegetation
carnivore
gets energy from eating meat
detritovore
gets energy/nutrients from dead matter
Match the following
organisms which capture energy from nonliving sources and converts it into forms living cells can use
autotroph
organisms which acquire energy from other organisms, usually by eating them
heterotroph
organisms which produce energy-rich compounds that can be used later by other organisms
producer
organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients
consumer
Aphids are small insects that live on various types of plants and feed on their sap. When there is a large population of aphids occupying a plant, they may remove too much sap causing the plant to change color or wilt. Ladybugs eat aphids and are often used in greenhouses to control the aphid population. Which type of relationship exists between the aphids ladybugs and plants?
The relationship between the ladybugs and aphids are an example of competition.
The aphids and plants are an example of commensalism while the ladybugs and plants
The ladybugs and aphids are an example of predation while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism.
The ladybugs and plants are an example of mutualism while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism.
Only (a) of energy is given to the next trophic level. (b) is eliminated as waste heat.
Which of the following best describes the role of bacteria in this food web?
Obtain energy from dead organisms and waste material and transfers that energy to living organisms
Controls the population by removing energy from the living organisms
Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to break down dead organisms and waste material into nutrients.
Uses energy from light, to combine oxygen, carbon dioxide and water and converts it into energy in the form of sugar.
If the producers have 1,000 joules of energy, click on the level that will have 100 joules.
NON-living parts of an ecosystem are collectively called (a) factors. Living (once living) parts of an ecosystem are collectively called (b) factors.
Match the following types of consumers to their descriptions:
Carnivore
Which consumer captures and eats other consumers only?
Omnivore
Which consumer captures and eats other consumers and producers?
Herbivore
Which consumer captures and eats producers?
An area that includes all the biotic and abiotic parts.
Ecosystem
This includes two or more populations that live in the same area.
Community
A single individual living thing.
Organism
A group of organisms of the same species living in a given area.
Population
large region characterized by similar climate, plant and animal species
Biome
Most of the energy in a trophic level, specifically (a) %, is (b) or lost as (c) . Only (d) % is passed up the food chain.
Which statements below explain why an inverted energy pyramid would likely not exist?
not enough producers to support the consumers
more energy is lost as you move up the pyramid
90% of the energy at each level is passed up each trophic level
There are always more consumers than producers in an ecosystem.
Niche
The job or role an organism plays in its environment
Habitat
Environment where an organism lives.
Predation
Ecological relationship in which one organism eats another.
Symbiosis
A close relationship between two organisms where at least one benefits.
Parasitism
Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed.
We can classify species in an ecosystem a few different ways. A (a) species is one in which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, and if it were removed, the ecosystem would change drastically. If these species are (b) , environmental groups normally work to protect them because losing them could be so damaging to the environment as a whole. (c) species are introduced to a new environment where they have no natural predators, and can outcompete native species. Great efforts are usually taken to (d) these species.
We use lots of different models to explain how energy flows in an ecosystem. Match each type to its example.
Food Chain
Energy Pyramid
Food Web
This graph shows the populations of a predator and its prey over a period of time. Which of the following statements seems to be true?
The green line represents the prey species because there is always more prey than predators.
The green line represents the predator species because there is always more predators than prey.
The predator population changes mirror the prey populations, just delayed
There is no pattern that can be determined from this graph.
Which of the following likely explains why the rabbit population started to rapidly decrease after 64 years?
There was a dramatic decrease in the plant population.
There was a small increase in its predator population.
There was a sharp decrease in its predator population.
There was a huge increase in the plant population.
Even though polar bears are excellent swimmers, they rely on ice to hunt seals. While they also eat fish, the seals are the main food because their blubber is an excellent source of energy. The graph shows how their population has changed over time. What change to their ecosystem has likely had the biggest impact to their population over time?
Climate change melting sea ice.
An increase in the amount of snowfall in the polar bear's environment.
Expanding ice caps have spread out the polar bear population, making it hard for them to find mates.
The seals have migrated to the south pole, leaving them without their main food source.
The Texas blind salamander lives in the Edwards Aquafer region of San Marcos. Along with other species, the salamander lives in total darkness in the underground crevices and caves of the aquifer region. The table lists some of the organisms that live in this environment and their food sources. In an energy pyramid for these aquifer cave dwellers, which of the following would be placed at the bottom? (a)
The trout is a fish that lays its eggs in cold fresh water. Trout eat smaller fish. The graph provided shows the population of trout un the state of Wisconsin between the years of 1999 - 2014. Which change to the ecosystem would most likely had the largest effect on the population of the trout in Wisconsin? ++++
A hard freeze of many of the lakes in Wisconsin in the winter on 2006
The slow rise in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 1999 - 2014
The rise in population of smaller fish in Wisconsin between 2005 - 2014
The slow decrease in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 2001 - 2014
