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Ecology Unit Review

Total questions: 92

Worksheet time: 8hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An organism that makes its own food within its cells. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
2.

Another name for a Heterotroph is...

a)

Producer

b)

Consumer

c)

Decomposer

3.

Which type of organism is referred to as a Autotroph? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer
4.

NON-living parts of an ecosystem are collectively called (a)  

Choose from the below words
Biotic
Diurnal
Abiotic
Assymetric
5.

Living (once living) parts of an ecosystem are collectively called...

a)

Biotic

b)

Diurnal

c)

Abiotic

d)

Assymetric

6.

Which consumer eats only producers? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Carnivore
Omnivore
Herbivore
7.

Which consumer captures and eats other consumers only? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Carnivore
Omnivore
Herbivore
8.

Which consumer captures and eats other consumers and producers? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Carnivore
Omnivore
Herbivore
9.

This includes two or more populations that live in the same area. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Community
Organism
Ecosystem
Population
10.

Which symbiotic relationship results in both organisms benefiting. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
11.

Which symbiotic relationship results in one organism benefits and the other is not affected? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
12.

Where are producers always located on a Ecological Energy Pyramid? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Top
Bottom
Middle
Side
13.

Which level in an energy pyramid contains the most energy? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Top Level
Middle Level
Bottom Level
14.

When there is a long term close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species we call that? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Predation
Niche
Symbiotic
15.

The job/role of an organism in its ecosystem is also known as its (a)  

Choose from the below words
Symbiotic
Habitat
Niche
Prey
16.

What is the diagram called? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Ecosystem links
Food Chain
Food Web
Web of links
17.

Identify the Producers in this diagram. Click all that apply.

a)

Rabbit

b)

Bacteria

c)

Cactus

d)

Grasshopper

e)

Grass

18.

Identify the Decomposers in this diagram. Click all that apply.

a)

Rabbit

b)

Bacteria

c)

Cactus

d)

Grasshopper

e)

Grass

19.

The Kangaroo Rat occupies which trophic level? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
20.

The Lizard occupies which trophic level? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
21.

Which of the following are a carnivore in this diagram? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Grasshopper
Kangaroo Rat
Rabbit
Hawk
22.

The diagram below represents a (a)  

Choose from the below words
Ecosystem links
Food Chain
Food Web
Web of links
23.

Where does all energy in an ecosystem start from? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Sun
24.

An individual belonging to a specific species (a)  

Choose from the below words
Biotic
Community
Organism
Reptile
25.

All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an (a)   .

Choose from the below words
community
habitat
population
ecosystem
26.

An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water in a specific arrangement (a)  

Choose from the below words
niche
biosphere
biome
habitat
27.

The study of how living things interact with one another and with their environment. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Biology
Lithology
Ecology
Farmacology
28.

Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area (a)  

Choose from the below words
Community
Population
Organisms
Biosphere
29.

Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area (a)  

Choose from the below words
Biome
Ecosystem
Community
Niche
30.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
31.

The image provided is an example of a(n): (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producer
Autotroph
Consumer
Insect
32.

The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next (a)  

Choose from the below words
10%
20%
80%
50%
33.

An illustration that uses arrows to show the many possible directions in which matter and energy can pass through the organisms in an ecosystem. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Food chain
Food web
Energy Pyramid
Succession Map
34.

Water temperature would be an example of (a)  

Choose from the below words
A biotic factor
An abiotic factor
35.

In which direction should an arrow be drawn to represent energy flow between these two organisms? (a)  

Choose from the below words
To the Left
To the Right
36.
Which organisms are both secondary and tertiary consumers in this food web?
a)
Chemosynthetic bacteria and amphipods
b)
Zooplankton and mussels
c)
Ratfish and octopuses
d)
Galatheid crabs and zoarcid fish
37.

In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Producers
Carnivores
Herbivores
Top Predator
38.

If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2? (a)  

Choose from the below words
10 Kcal
1 Kcal
100 Kcal
1000 Kcal
39.

A close, ongoing relationship between species in which at least one is benefiting and the other is not helped or harmed. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Commensalism
Symbiosis
Predator & Prey
Mutualism
40.

An ongoing relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed. (a)  

Choose from the below words
A. Predator &
B. Mutualism
C. Commensalism
D. Parasitism
41.

There are birds that eat the food from between the teeth of alligators, leaving the alligators with clean teeth and the birds with a meal. What type of ongoing relationship is this? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A. Predator &
B. Mutualism
C. Commensalism
D. Parasitism
42.

Which of the following is a predator and prey relationship?

a)

A. Cow and grass.

b)

B. Vulture and a dead lion.

c)

C. Tick and a deer.

d)

D. Spider and a fly.

43.

What best describes the type of relationship that occurs between grasshoppers and mice?  (a)  

Choose from the below words
Commensalism
Predation
Mutualism
Competition
44.

What's missing from the food web? (a)  

Choose from the below words
decomposers
producers
consumers
autotrophs
45.

An organism`s role in its community is its (a)   , and where it lives is its (b)   .

Choose from the below words
habitat; niche
role in community; niche
niche; role in the community
niche; habitat
46.

Which statement best describes these two species?

a)

Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.

b)

Species A is a host and species B is its parasite

c)

Species A is a predator and species B is its prey

d)

Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.

47.

One season, there was a shortage of producers in a food web. As a result, the number of deer and wolves decreased. The reason that both the deer and wolf populations declined is that

a)

A. producers are not as important as consumers in a food web

b)

B. more producers than consumers are needed to support the food web

c)

C. organisms in this food web are independent

d)

D. populations tend to stay constant in a food web

48.

The Nile River flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The Aswan High Dam contains the flow of the water from the river and reduces the annual fall flooding. The floodwater is trapped behind the huge dam, allowing irrigation for agriculture. Sediments that would be washed away by the annual floods are also trapped behind the dam. The graph shows the water flow from the Nile that enters the Mediterranean Sea. How has this dam most likely affected the Mediterranean Sea ecosystem?

a)

Reduced nutrients from the land support fewer producers in the sea.

b)

Water trapped behind the dam causes the marine ecosystems to move inland.

c)

The flooding in August through November causes marine life to be destroyed.

d)

The water temperature of the sea has increased.

49.

The Texas blind salamander lives in the Edwards Aquafer region of San Marcos. Along with other species, the salamander lives in total darkness in the underground crevices and caves of the aquifer region. The table lists some of the organisms that live in this environment and their food sources. In an energy pyramid for these aquifer cave dwellers, which of the following would be placed at the bottom? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Snails
Blind Shrimp
Protozoa
Texas Blind Salamanders
50.

The trout is a fish that lays its eggs in cold fresh water. Trout eat smaller fish. The graph provided shows the population of trout un the state of Wisconsin between the years of 1999 - 2014. Which change to the ecosystem would most likely had the largest effect on the population of the trout in Wisconsin? ++++

a)

A hard freeze of many of the lakes in Wisconsin in the winter on 2006

b)

The slow rise in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 1999 - 2014

c)

The rise in population of smaller fish in Wisconsin between 2005 - 2014

d)

The slow decrease in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 2001 - 2014

51.

These graphs show how two factors for a certain region changed over time: the number of predators that prey on mice and number of plants of the type that the mice eat. Based on the information from these graphs, in which of the following years would the population of mice have been the highest?

a)

1996

b)

1998

c)

2000

d)

2002

52.

The energy organisms need to live and grow first enters the ecosystem when___

a)

secondary consumers eat primary consumers.

b)

primary consumers eat plants for food.

c)

decomposers break down dead organisms.

d)

plants take in light energy from the Sun.

53.

Two species of fish live in the same pond. They eat the same kinds of plants. They are eaten by the same water birds. Which of the following would increase competition between these two species of fish?

a)

Average habitat temperature increases

b)

Population of water birds increases.

c)

Water level in the pond decreases.

d)

Number of food plants increases

54.

Which level contains the most energy? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Top Level
Middle Level
Bottom Level
55.

Where are producers always located on a Ecological Energy Pyramid? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Top
Bottom
Middle
Side
56.

The pearlfish receives protection from predators by living inside a sea cucumber. The sea cucumber is not affected during this interaction. This ecological relationship is known as -

a)

predator-prey because the pearlfish is prey to the sea cucumber

b)

mutualism because only the pearlfish benefits in this ecological relationship

c)

parasitism because the pearlfish causes harm to the host sea cucumber

d)

commensalism because only the pearlfish benefits while the sea cucumber is not affected

e)

competition because the sea cucumber and pearlfish often fight for living space

57.

The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...

a)

Food and Water

b)

Water and Sunlight

c)

Temperature and Oxygen

d)

Water and Temperature

58.

Read the following scenario and determine which ecological relationship is depicted -


Mistle toe plants are common house decorations around the holidays. Mistle toes are plants that attach themselves to hosts such as a tree. Once attached, the mistletoes begin to tap into the vascular system of trees and draws out vital nutrients and water from the host tree. The host tree is harmed over time and may result in stunted growth.

a)

Predator-Prey

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

59.

What do the arrows in the food chain indicate about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

a)

Energy is continuously recycled by the organisms in an ecosystem.

b)

Energy flows in one direction in an ecosystem, from producers to consumers.

c)

More of the available energy in an ecosystem is given to large animals than to small animals.

d)

Organisms at the end of the food chain receive more energy than those at the beginning.

60.

What valid conclusion can you draw about the total deer population from the graph shown?

a)

The total deer population increased gradually over time

b)

An increase in limiting factors occurred in the year 1900

c)

A decline in food sources occurred from years 1750-1900

61.

A sample of bacteria was added to a culture dish containing a limited food supply. (Culture dishes are designed to help bacteria grow.) The dish was kept in an incubator for two weeks, where temperature that bacteria prefer to live in was kept constant. The graph to the right shows changes that occurred in the bacterial population over the two weeks.


Which statement provides the best explanation for the population increase then decrease?

a)

The bacteria were unable to reproduce until day 8.

b)

The bacteria ate all of the available food.

c)

The bacteria could not grow at all in the provided temperatures.

d)

The bacteria could not grow at all with the provided food type.

62.
a relationship between two in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey
a)
chemosynthesis
b)
predation
c)
cellular respiration 
d)
commensalism
63.
The shrew provides energy for the _______?
a)
cricket
b)
grasshopper
c)
frog
d)
snake
64.

Fox squirrels are common in Texas. Fox squirrels primarily eat acorns and nuts from trees but also eat insects. Some predators of fox squirrels include owls, snakes, and bobcats.

Which diagram best represents how energy would flow to and from the fox squirrel?

a)

b)

c)

d)

65.

The diagram below shows an energy pyramid. In a marine ecosystem, algae carry out photosynthesis. Barracuda eat snapper fish. Reef sharks eat barracuda.

Which organism would be at the top of the energy pyramid?

a)

algae

b)

reef shark

c)

barracuda

d)

snapper fish

66.

A farmer wants to expand the family farm, but doesn't want to negatively affect the local red tail hawk population. The farmer knows the following about the red tail hawk. 1. They nest in the nearby forest in the tall parts of the trees. 2. They eat fish, rats, mice, rabbits, lizards and birds. 3. They hunt in open fields, plains, lakes and rivers. What choice below would have the largest negative impact on the red tail hawk population?

a)

Cut down the forest to plant a wheat field.

b)

Change the flow a nearby river to open up a field to plant corn

c)

Plant an apple orchard on part of an open field.

d)

Build a barn to park the tractor

67.

The food web below shows some of the feeding relationships among organisms in Arctic waters.

Which organism would be least affected by overfishing for cod in Arctic waters?

a)

seals

b)

shrimp

c)

baleen whales

d)

toothed whales

68.

Which of the following best describes the role of bacteria in the food web above?

a)

Uses energy from light, to combine oxygen, carbon dioxide and water and converts it into energy in the form of sugar.

b)

Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to break down dead organisms and waste material into nutrients.

c)

Controls the population by removing energy from living organisms

d)

Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to transfers energy

69.

This global food web shows how parts of a meadow ecosystem interact with parts of a marsh ecosystem.

Which of these is a food chain that is part of the global food web?

a)

meadow grass → rabbit → fox → hawk

b)

marsh grass → snail → small fish → hawk

c)

marsh grass → grasshopper → mouse → fox

d)

meadow grass → grasshopper → praying mantis → small fish

70.

Gopher tortoises create their homes by digging holes in well-drained sandy soils throughout the southeast region of the U.S. The Florida pine snakes will sometimes share the hole with the tortoises to shelter from weather or fire. Which of the following examples demonstrates the same type of relationship?

a)

Moths lay eggs in the seedpods of the yucca plant, the larvae hatch and feed on some but not all of the seeds and the moth acts as a pollinator for the plant.

b)

The goby fish and blind shrimp live in a tunnel in the sand created by the shrimp and when a predator is near the goby fish will touch the shrimp to warn it.

c)

Tapeworms live in the digestive system and eat partially digested food which eventually deprives the host of food and nourishment

d)

A Pseudoscorpion is a tiny scorpion with no stinger that moves from place to place by hitching a ride on much larger insects

71.

A student researching a northern forest ecosystem learns the following information about feeding relationships in the ecosystem.

Which food web best represents the flow of energy in these feeding relationships?

a)
b)
c)
d)
72.

Mealy bugs are small insects that live on various types of plants and feed on their sap. When there is a large population of mealy bugs occupying a plant, they may remove too much sap causing the plant to change color or wilt. Ladybugs eat mealy bugs and are often used in greenhouses to control the population. Which type of relationship exists between the mealybugs’ ladybugs and plants?

a)

The relationship between the ladybugs and mealybugs are an example of competition.

b)

The ladybugs and mealybugs are an example of predation while the mealybugs and plants are an example of parasitism.

c)

The ladybugs and plants are an example of mutualism while the mealybugs and plants are an example of parasitism.

d)

The mealybugs and plants are an example of commensalism while the ladybugs and plants are an example of predation.

73.

Match the grassland organism to its category.

a)

1.

Producer

b)

2.

Primary Consumer

c)

3.

Secondary Consumer

d)

4.

Tertiary Consumer

e)

5.

Apex Predator

74.

There are 4 types of heterotrophs. Match each with its description

a)

herbivore

1.

 gets energy from eating vegetation

b)

omnivore

2.

gets energy from eating meat and vegetation

c)

carnivore

3.

gets energy from eating meat

d)

detritovore

4.

gets energy/nutrients from dead matter

75.

Match the following

a)

organisms which capture energy from nonliving sources and converts it into forms living cells can use

1.

autotroph

b)

organisms which acquire energy from other organisms, usually by eating them

2.

heterotroph

c)

organisms which produce energy-rich compounds that can be used later by other organisms

3.

producer

d)

organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients

4.

consumer

76.

Aphids are small insects that live on various types of plants and feed on their sap. When there is a large population of aphids occupying a plant, they may remove too much sap causing the plant to change color or wilt. Ladybugs eat aphids and are often used in greenhouses to control the aphid population. Which type of relationship exists between the aphids ladybugs and plants?

a)

The relationship between the ladybugs and aphids are an example of competition.

b)

 The aphids and plants are an example of commensalism while the ladybugs and plants

c)

The ladybugs and aphids are an example of predation while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism.

d)

 The ladybugs and plants are an example of mutualism while the aphid and plants are an example of parasitism. 

77.

Only (a)   of energy is given to the next trophic level.   (b)   is eliminated as waste heat.

Choose from the below words
10%, 90%
90%, 10%
25%, 75%
75%, 25%
78.

Which of the following  best describes the role of bacteria in this food web?

a)

 Obtain energy from dead organisms and waste material and transfers that energy to living organisms

b)

 Controls the population by removing energy from the living organisms

c)

 Uses energy from dead organisms or waste material to break down dead organisms and waste material into nutrients. 

d)

 Uses energy from light, to combine oxygen, carbon dioxide and water and converts it into energy in the form of sugar. 

79.

If the producers have 1,000 joules of energy, click on the level that will have 100 joules.

80.

NON-living parts of an ecosystem are collectively called ​ ​ (a)   factors. Living (once living) parts of an ecosystem are collectively called ​ (b)   factors.

Choose from the below words
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
AUTOTROPHIC
HETEROTROPHIC
SYMBIOTIC
ECOLOGICAL
81.
Question Image

Match the following types of consumers to their descriptions:

a)

Carnivore

1.

Which consumer captures and eats other consumers only?

b)

Omnivore

2.

Which consumer captures and eats other consumers and producers?

c)

Herbivore

3.

Which consumer captures and eats producers?

82.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

An area that includes all the biotic and abiotic parts.

1.

Ecosystem

b)

This includes two or more populations that live in the same area.

2.

Community

c)

A single individual living thing.

3.

Organism

d)

A group of organisms of the same species living in a given area.

4.

Population

e)

large region characterized by similar climate, plant and animal species

5.

Biome

83.

Most of the energy in a trophic level, specifically ​ (a)   %, is ​ (b)   or lost as ​ (c)   . Only ​ (d)   % is passed up the food chain.

Choose from the below words
90
used
heat
10
50
75
25
food
growth
84.

Which statements below explain why an inverted energy pyramid would likely not exist?

a)

not enough producers to support the consumers

b)

more energy is lost as you move up the pyramid

c)

90% of the energy at each level is passed up each trophic level

d)

There are always more consumers than producers in an ecosystem.

85.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Niche

1.

The job or role an organism plays in its environment

b)

Habitat

2.

Environment where an organism lives.

c)

Predation

3.

Ecological relationship in which one organism eats another.

d)

Symbiosis

4.

A close relationship between two organisms where at least one benefits.

e)

Parasitism

5.

Symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed.

86.

We can classify species in an ecosystem a few different ways. A ​ (a)   ​ species is one in which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, and if it were removed, the ecosystem would change drastically. If these species are ​ (b)   , environmental groups normally work to protect them because losing them could be so damaging to the environment as a whole. ​ (c)   species are introduced to a new environment where they have no natural predators, and can outcompete native species. Great efforts are usually taken to ​ (d)   these species.

Choose from the below words
keystone
endangered
Invasive
remove
protect
overpopulated
Apex
87.

We use lots of different models to explain how energy flows in an ecosystem. Match each type to its example.

a)
1.

Food Chain

b)
2.

Energy Pyramid

c)
3.

Food Web

88.

This graph shows the populations of a predator and its prey over a period of time. Which of the following statements seems to be true?

a)

The green line represents the prey species because there is always more prey than predators.

b)

The green line represents the predator species because there is always more predators than prey.

c)

The predator population changes mirror the prey populations, just delayed

d)

There is no pattern that can be determined from this graph.

89.

Which of the following likely explains why the rabbit population started to rapidly decrease after 64 years?

a)

There was a dramatic decrease in the plant population.

b)

There was a small increase in its predator population.

c)

There was a sharp decrease in its predator population.

d)

There was a huge increase in the plant population.

90.

Even though polar bears are excellent swimmers, they rely on ice to hunt seals. While they also eat fish, the seals are the main food because their blubber is an excellent source of energy. The graph shows how their population has changed over time. What change to their ecosystem has likely had the biggest impact to their population over time?

a)

Climate change melting sea ice.

b)

An increase in the amount of snowfall in the polar bear's environment.

c)

Expanding ice caps have spread out the polar bear population, making it hard for them to find mates.

d)

The seals have migrated to the south pole, leaving them without their main food source.

91.

The Texas blind salamander lives in the Edwards Aquafer region of San Marcos. Along with other species, the salamander lives in total darkness in the underground crevices and caves of the aquifer region. The table lists some of the organisms that live in this environment and their food sources. In an energy pyramid for these aquifer cave dwellers, which of the following would be placed at the bottom? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Snails
Blind Shrimp
Protozoa
Texas Blind Salamanders
92.

The trout is a fish that lays its eggs in cold fresh water. Trout eat smaller fish. The graph provided shows the population of trout un the state of Wisconsin between the years of 1999 - 2014. Which change to the ecosystem would most likely had the largest effect on the population of the trout in Wisconsin? ++++

a)

A hard freeze of many of the lakes in Wisconsin in the winter on 2006

b)

The slow rise in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 1999 - 2014

c)

The rise in population of smaller fish in Wisconsin between 2005 - 2014

d)

The slow decrease in water temperatures in Wisconsin between 2001 - 2014