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WorksheetsNature of Science
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 3hrs 56mins
something you find out about objects, events, or living things using your 5 senses
hypothesis
observation
experiment
variable
the use of scientific methods to test a hypothesis
hypothesis
observation
experiment
variable
something that can change in a test
hypothesis
observation
experiment
variable
We use this to represent and interpret data
control group
procedures
Graph
precision
What is the variable that is tested and CHANGED by the scientist?
dependent variable
independent variable
controlled variable
scientific method
What is the variable that is MEASURED by the scientist?
independent variable
controlled variable
dependent variable
scientific method
What is the variables that are kept the SAME (constant) throughout the entire experiment.
scientific method
independent variable
dependent variable
controlled variable
What variable do we see on the X axis?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
What axis do we find Dependent Variable on?
Y Axis
X Axis
C Axis
The things that are kept the same to ensure the results are due to the experiment is called..
Constant
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
Angel wants to know if the type of soap has an effect on how clean her clothes get. What is the independent variable?
type of soap
how long the laundry takes
Angel wants to know if the type of soap has an effect on how clean her clothes get. What is the dependent variable?
type of soap
how clean the clothes are
Zach wants to determine if the amount of time spent on social media has an effect of grades. What is the independent variable?
time on social media
computer skills
Zach wants to determine if the amount of time spent on social media has an effect of grades. What is the dependent variable?
popularity
grades
Maddie wants to determine if the weight of the dog will determine the number of puppies in a litter. What is the independent variable?
weight of dog
number of puppies
Maddies wants to determine if the weight of the dog will determine the number of puppies in a litter. What is the dependent variable?
type of dog
number of puppies
Beth wants to know if increasing her exercise will decrease the time it takes her to run a mile. What is the dependent variable?
time to run a mile
amount of exercise
Beth wants to know if increasing her exercise will decrease the time it takes her to run a mile. What is the independent variable?
distance
amount of exercise
Julie wants to know the effect of studying 10 minutes extra each day on her Math. What is the dependent variable?
her math grade
studying 10 extra minutes
What would the independent variable be in an experiment testing which type of paper airplane goes the furthest?
the type of paper used.
the distance each plane flies.
how hard the plane is thrown.
the type of paper airplane.
A possible explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. Educated guess.
data
theory
hypothesis
fact
What step does every scientific experiment begin with?
hypothesis
question/problem
procedures
conclusion
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, the independent variable is ...
type of plant
the amount of sunlight
the type of music
the type of liquid
Observations made during an experiment are called:
data
problems
conclusions
questions
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, what are the controlled variables?
type of plant, amount of music, and sunlight
plant growth
water, apple juice, milk
The graph below shows atmospheric carbon dioxide levels since the year 1880.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are responsible for global temperature change.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been rising at about the same rate for the past century.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have remained the same over the past century.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been rising at an increasingly higher rate as the past century has progressed.
In order to be accepted, a scientific theory must be
based on the results of a single experiment
widely tested and supported by extensive data
in line with all previous historical ideas
controversial and cause debate
Conclusions based on an experiment are most likely to be accepted when
they are consistent with experimental data and observations
they are derived from investigations having many experimental variables
scientists agree that only one hypothesis has been tested
hypotheses are based on one experimental design
An experiment was carried out to determine whether drinking caffeinated soda increases pulse rate. The pulse rates of two groups of people at rest were measured. Group A was then given caffeinated soda and group B was given caffeine-free soda. One hour after drinking the soda, the pulse rates were measured. The participants in the experiment were all the same age, and they were all given the same amount of soda. The dependent variable in this experiment is the
type of soda given to each group
amount of soda given to each group
pulse rate of each group
age of participants in each group
A testable question should include what two things?
A hypothesis and question
A question and a dependent variable
An independent variable but no dependent variable
An independent variable and a dependent variable
Joe tells Gabby his theory about why sea turtles nest on the beach instead of in the ocean. He says, “The turtle eggs would sink to the bottom of the ocean, and the baby turtle would drown. I know this because my uncle is a fisherman, and he told me this information. Gabby tells Joe that his theory is not scientific. Why does Joe’s idea not meet the requirements to be a scientific theory?
Joe’s idea is already a scientific law.
Joe’s idea is not supported by scientific evidence.
Joe’s idea is a good guess that can be tested by experiments.
Joe and his uncle are not scientists.
In 1897, Joseph Thomson discovered that atoms contained electrons. He proposed a change in the atomic theory of that time, and the theory was modified because of his discovery. Since Thomson’s discovery, atomic theory has been further modified. What is the best explanation for why scientific theories are modified?
Theories more than ten years old are usually out of date.
Scientists want to prove that the work of other scientists is wrong.
New evidence that supports a change prompts scientists to modify earlier theories.
So much information is available today that it is harder to focus research and disprove theories.
The law of universal gravitation states that both mass and distance of objects affect the gravitational force between them. Gravitational force increases as the mass of the objects increase. Gravitational force decreases as distance between the objects increases. Why are these statements considered scientific law, and not scientific theory?
The statements tells what happens, and not why it happens.
The statements involve mass and distance measurements.
The statements explain the attractive force between two objects.
The statements predict what will happen under certain conditions.
Lilly was trying to explain to her friend the difference between a theory and a law in science. She used the theory of plate tectonics and the law of superposition as examples. Lilli explained the difference by using non-scientific language. Which statement could Lilly use to correctly describe the difference between a theory and a law in science?
A theory describes a natural event, while a law explains it.
A theory explains a natural event, while a law predicts it.
A theory explains a natural event, while a law describes it.
A theory predicts a natural event, while a law explains it.
Which of these can change when new evidence is presented?
theory
law
Which of these can be represented mathematically and provide no explanation why a phenomenon occurs?
theory
law
Scientists create both scientific theories and scientific laws as they make observations and conduct experiments about the natural world. Which of the following statements most accurately compares the difference between scientific theories and scientific laws
science laws are based on evidence while science theories are not
science theories involve only biology, while laws involve all types of science
science theories involve mathematical equations, while science laws are based on observations
science theories are ideas that explain natural events, while science laws predict what will happen in a natural event.
Theory or Law? Newton's first ______ of Motion: Objects will stay in motion unless stopped. Shows what happens with moving objects.
Theory
Law
Universal ______ of Gravitation: any 2 objects have a force of gravity between them. Tells what happens when 2 objects are near each other.
Theory
Law
Theory or law: Atomic _____ of matter: all matter is made up of atoms. Explains why matter behaves a certain way.
Theory
Law
Sir Isaac Newton was sitting under an apple tree one day when an apple hit him on the head. He wondered why the apple fell and eventually developed what became the law of gravity. Why is gravity considered a scientific law and not a scientific theory?
The law of gravity describes the attraction between particles in the universe.
The law of gravity explains why the particles attract each other.
Gravity is not a law, it is a theory
The law of gravity explains why the apple hit him on the head.
Which choice best explains why the scientific model of the atom has changed over time?
The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the atomic theory.
Advancements in atomic models proved the atomic theory was accurate.
The atomic theory was modified with the discovery of a new element.
Changes in atomic models show that the atomic theory was based on opinion.
When you do many trails during an experiment then it is called
Variables
Test
Repetition
When another scientist does someone's experiment to see if the results are valid, it is called ___________.
During replications, others have to follow the same procedures to get the same output or results. True or False?
True
False
Daniel and Alex are both scientists. Daniel conducts an experiment testing different fuel sources for cars in the future. Daniel conducts each test three times in order to compare his data. After he finishes the trials, Daniel showed Alex his results from each trial. Alex is confused about Daniel’s results, so he decides to conduct the experiment for himself. Which scientific process did each scientist use?
Alex and Daniel used each others data to compare their results.
Alex and Daniel used the same hypothesis to compare their results.
Daniel used repetition in his experiment while Alex replicated Daniel's experiment
Daniel used replication in his experiment while Alex used repetition to conduct Daniel's experiment.
Experiments are often repeated many times by the same or different scientists. What is the most important reason why more than one scientist should conduct an investigation using the same methods?
A. If the results are the same, replication of the investigation helps to confirm the results.
B. The competition makes the scientists work more carefully.
C. More than one scientist is interested in the problem.
D. Different scientists might perform the experiment differently.
A
B
C
D
What is the BEST reason you must always repeat an experiment?
Make sure your data is consistent and accurate.
Make sure your data supports your prediction.
Make sure your experiment is easy to do.
Make sure your experiment has lots of data.
Which statement is necessary in order for a scientific investigation to be valid?
The investigation must be able to be repeated by others.
The investigation must produce data that can be graphed.
The investigation must follow all the steps of the scientific method.
The investigation must have a conclusion that matches the prediction.
When can we say that a website is valid and reliable?
The website’s author is clear, and the date is recent.
The website contains errors in spelling.
There are lots of advertisements on the page.
The
hyperlinks to other websites are not working.
Which statement is necessary in order for a scientific investigation to be valid?
The investigation can be replicated by others.
The investigation must produce data that can be graphed.
The investigation must follow all the steps of the scientific method.
The investigation must have a conclusion that matches the prediction.
What happens if the results of a scientist's experiment are NOT similar to the results gathered by other scientists doing the same experiment at a later date?
The results of the experiment are changed by the scientists.
The results of the experiment are published in scientific journals.
The results of the experiment are questioned by the other scientists.
The results of the experiment are accepted by the scientific community.
A representation that explains an object, theory or complex process
design
model
black box
collaboration
Scientific diagrams always include
color
3-d objects
potenial
labels
Which of the following is true about how scientists use models?
Models enable predictions to be developed and tested by experiment.
Models are just fancy versions of the real thing, like an airplane.
Models are always pretty and easy to understand.
Models aren't used by scientists, just observations.
Why might a scientist want to build a 3-D model?
to move it around
to help to see multiple angles to understand how something works
to show off their computer programming skills
because they are pretty and will WOW their fellow scientists with fancy pictures
One way scientist analyze data is by using _________________________.
variable
theory
charts and tables
law
Why would a model of the Earth's climate be useful?
It helps to inform politicians who make laws and can effect how much carbon dioxide is put into the atmosphere.
It gives many people in the public a chance to argue with scientists about what is wrong with the weather.
It shows that weather patterns fluctuate all of the time.
Observation or Inference: I notice the tree by the pond has no leaves on it.
Observation
Inference
Which of the following is an observation about this picture?
Which of the following is an observation about the man in this picture:
A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question:
data
hypothesis
theory
fact
A hypothesis is always written as an _______________ statement.
if...,then.....because...
why.....because....
positive
questioning
When you hear the word "Data" it sould make you think of the
dependent variable
independent variable
eexperimental design
hypothesis
The amount of people who prefer action movies is
6
5
8
2
To test a hypothesis, a scientist designs a
hypothesis
theory
model
experiment
Which is a limitation of Scientific Models? Choose all correct answers.
things that make the model not accurate
no model can possibly explain every detail of scientific phenomena
sometimes oversimplied
