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Practice EOC

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

2.

Which macromolecule stores genetic information?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

3.

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosome

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Golgi complex

4.

What is produced during cellular respiration?

a)

Oxygen

b)

ATP

c)

Chlorophyll

d)

Glucose

5.

Which stage of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?

a)

Prophase

b)

G2

c)

S phase

d)

Cytokinesis

6.

What organelle packages and transports proteins?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Lysosome

d)

Vacuole

7.

Which term describes a solution with equal solute inside and outside a cell?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

d)

Ionic

8.

A heterozygous genotype is represented by:

a)

AA

b)

aa

c)

Aa

d)

aA only

9.

What is the monomer of proteins?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Simple sugars

d)

Fatty acids

10.

How do plant cells maintain shape?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Lysosomes

11.

DNA is replicated so each daughter cell can:

a)

Grow larger

b)

Have identical genetic material

c)

Produce proteins

d)

Break down nutrients

12.

Which process produces gametes?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Binary fission

13.

Which structure is found in plant cells but NOT animal cells?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Golgi bodies

c)

Cell wall

d)

Ribosomes

14.

Which macromolecule provides quick energy?

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

15.

What is the function of tRNA?

a)

Stores genetic information

b)

Carries amino acids to ribosomes

c)

Produces proteins

d)

Breaks down nutrients

16.

Cytokinesis in plant cells forms:

a)

Cell plate

b)

Cleavage furrow

c)

New nucleus

d)

Chromatid pairs

17.

What causes genetic variation in meiosis?

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Crossing over

c)

Replication

d)

Mitosis

18.

Which is true of enzymes?

a)

They are lipids

b)

They slow reactions

c)

They are reused

d)

They stop photosynthesis

19.

The cell theory states all cells come from:

a)

Water

b)

Chemical reactions

c)

Other cells

d)

Plants

20.

The pigment in plants that captures light is:

a)

ATP

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Hemoglobin

d)

Carbon

21.

The nucleus stores:

a)

Glucose

b)

ATP

c)

DNA

d)

Enzymes

22.

The purpose of mitosis is:

a)

Produce genetically different cells

b)

Produce sex cells

c)

Growth and repair

d)

Reduce chromosome number

23.

Stomata open and close to:

a)

Transport glucose

b)

Control gas exchange

c)

Release enzymes

d)

Absorb minerals

24.

A homozygous recessive genotype is:

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

aA

25.

What makes up most of the cell membrane?

a)

Glycogen

b)

Phospholipids

c)

Protein fibers

d)

DNA strands

26.

Which organelle makes proteins?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Lysosome

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

27.

Diffusion is:

a)

Water moving low to high concentration

b)

Molecules moving high to low

c)

Molecules using ATP

d)

Active transport

28.

A trait controlled by two or more genes is:

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Polygenic

c)

Codominant

d)

Monogenic

29.

Which structure helps with cell division in animal cells?

a)

Centriole

b)

Vacuole

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Golgi

30.

Which process creates glucose?

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Transcription

31.

mRNA carries instructions from:

a)

Ribosomes to mitochondria

b)

DNA to ribosomes

c)

Nucleus to vacuoles

d)

Lysosomes to nucleus

32.

An example of a lipid is:

a)

Starch

b)

Fat

c)

Hemoglobin

d)

DNA

33.

Chromosomes line up during:

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

34.

The sides of DNA are made of:

a)

Sugars and phosphates

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Bases only

d)

Amino acids

35.

Which structure stores water in plants?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Central vacuole

d)

Mitochondria

36.

Which process does NOT require energy?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Active transport

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

37.

Complementary DNA to AGT CCA:

a)

UCA GGU

b)

AGT CCA

c)

TCA GGT

d)

GGT TCA

38.

Physical appearance is:

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Allele

d)

Codon

39.

Incomplete dominance results in:

a)

Blended traits

b)

Both traits showing

c)

Recessive only

d)

Dominant only

40.

Which structure contains digestive enzymes?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Ribosome

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

41.

A nucleotide contains:

a)

Amino acids

b)

Sugar, phosphate, base

c)

Glucose only

d)

Lipids

42.

Mitosis produces:

a)

4 unique cells

b)

2 identical cells

c)

3 haploid cells

d)

1 diploid cell

43.

Plants release which gas?

a)

CO₂

b)

O₂

c)

N₂

d)

Methane

44.

A heterozygous organism shows:

a)

Recessive

b)

Dominant

c)

Both equally

d)

New phenotype

45.

Which is active transport?

a)

Water into roots

b)

Oxygen into blood

c)

Sugar into cells

d)

Protein synthesis

46.

DNA unzips during:

a)

Mitosis

b)

Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Osmosis

47.

Which organelle converts glucose to ATP?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Golgi

d)

Ribosome

48.

During prophase:

a)

Chromosomes line up

b)

DNA replicates

c)

Nucleus breaks down

d)

Chromatids separate

49.

Which genotype is short (T Dom= tall)?

a)

Tt

b)

TT

c)

tt

d)

T

50.

Basic unit of life:

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ system

51.

Plant cell walls contain:

a)

Glycogen

b)

Cellulose

c)

Protein

d)

Cholesterol

52.

Protein channels without energy:

a)

Active transport

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

53.

mRNA from TAC GGT:

a)

ATG CCA

b)

AUG CCA

c)

TAC GGT

d)

UAC GGU

54.

Meiosis creates:

a)

Diploid cells

b)

Haploid cells

c)

Somatic cells

d)

Identical cells

55.

A codon has:

a)

3 bases

b)

3 amino acids

c)

3 sugars

d)

2 phosphates

56.

A pedigree with every generation affected shows:

a)

Recessive

b)

Dominant

c)

Sex-linked

d)

Mutation

57.

Translation builds:

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Proteins

d)

ATP

58.

Asexual reproduction produces:

a)

Unique offspring

b)

Gametes

c)

Identical offspring

d)

Haploid cells

59.

Which organelle stores genetic material?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Vacuole

d)

Golgi

60.

Plant response to light:

a)

Thigmotropism

b)

Phototropism

61.

Karyotypes show:

a)

Proteins

b)

Chromosome number

c)

Enzymes

d)

Cell membranes

62.

Punnett squares show:

a)

DNA sequences

b)

Offspring traits

c)

Cell division

d)

Plant hormones

63.

Anaphase is when:

a)

Chromosomes appear

b)

Chromatids separate

c)

Nucleus reforms

d)

DNA replicates

64.

Enzymes are:

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Carbs

65.

TT × tt produces:

a)

All tall

b)

All short

c)

Half tall

d)

Half short

66.

ER transports:

a)

Materials

b)

DNA

c)

Ribosomes

d)

ATP

67.

A point mutation changes:

a)

Whole chromosome

b)

Many bases

c)

One base

d)

Deletes genes

68.

Stomata regulate:

a)

Roots

b)

Water loss

c)

Phloem

d)

Xylem

69.

Recessive trait shows when:

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

aA

70.

Mitochondria exist in:

a)

Plants only

b)

Animals only

c)

Plants & animals

d)

Neither

71.

Chemical reactions are controlled by:

a)

DNA

b)

Enzymes

c)

Lipids

d)

RNA

72.

A diploid cell:

a)

Sperm

b)

Egg

c)

Muscle cell

d)

Pollen

73.

Xylem carries:

(select all that apply)

a)

Sugar

b)

Water

c)

Nutrients

d)

DNA

74.

Bb is:

a)

Homozygous recessive

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous dominant

d)

Hybrid recessive

75.

Transcription is:

a)

DNA → RNA

b)

RNA → Protein

76.

Which process releases oxygen?

a)

Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Fermentation

d)

Glycolysis

77.

Cellular respiration needs:

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Chlorophyll

d)

Starch

78.

What organelle is the cell's control center?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi

d)

Vacuole

79.

Which part of photosynthesis produces glucose?

a)

Light reactions

b)

Calvin cycle

c)

Krebs cycle

d)

Electron transport

80.

Which organisms perform respiration?

a)

Plants only

b)

Animals only

c)

Plants and animals

d)

Neither

81.

ATP is best described as:

a)

Genetic material

b)

Energy molecule

c)

Enzyme

d)

Pigment

82.

Where does glycolysis occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

83.

Gametes contain:

a)

Full chromosomes

b)

Half chromosomes

c)

Twice chromosomes

d)

No chromosomes

84.

What carries sugar in plants?

a)

Xylem

b)

Phloem

c)

Cambium

d)

Stomata

85.

The end product of photosynthesis is:

a)

Water

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Glucose

d)

ATP

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