Which radiographic feature is most consistent with a burst fracture?

Which imaging modality is considered the gold standard for bone detail and alignment in spine trauma?

A patient complains of nocturnal paresthesia in the thumb, index, middle finger, and the radial half of the ring finger. He often “flicks” his wrist to relieve the symptoms. These findings are most consistent with which diagnosis?

During the physical examination of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, which test elicits paresthesia when the wrist is maximally flexed for 60 seconds?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of secondary (indirect) bone healing?

A male patient presents with weakness of the interosseous muscles and paresthesia on the ulnar side of the hand. Symptoms worsen with prolonged elbow flexion. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 28-year-old male is brought to the emergency department after a high-speed motorcycle crash. He is conscious, has an obvious deformity of the left leg, and is requesting pain medication. Before you begin examination of his limb, the most appropriate next step is to...

A 19-year-old football player presents with severe leg pain 2 hours after a crush injury. On exam, the skin is tense and firm. Pulses are present but weak. The most sensitive early clinical sign that supports compartment syndrome is…

A 35-year-old construction worker sustains a penetrating injury to the upper thigh from rebar. On inspection, you note rapidly expanding swelling and pulsatile bleeding. These findings are best classified as…

A 40-year-old man presents after a crushing injury to the forearm. Which of the following is not routinely included in a standard neurovascular examination?

A teenager presents with a visibly deformed forearm consistent with a displaced fracture. Before applying a splint or attempting reduction, the most critical step is to...

What is a basic principle when requesting plain radiographs of bones and joints?

In a tibia-fibula X-ray, which finding best suggests a high-energy injury?

The “lethal triad” in trauma consists of which three components?

A 28-year-old man is brought by ambulance to the emergency department after falling from the roof of his home four hours ago. Upon initial evaluation, he has visible deformities of his bilateral lower extremities and a positive FAST exam. Heart rate is 135, blood pressure 85/58, and urine output is 40 cc over 3 hours. According to ATLS guidelines, what percentage of his blood volume has this patient likely lost?

Which of the following is an important sign to assess during a neurological examination in orthopaedic oncology?

A 32-year-old female who presents to the trauma bay after falling off a roof. Paramedics state that she was initially complaining of back pain, but she now appears irritable and lethargic. She has received 2 liters of crystalloid since arriving in the trauma bay. Her blood pressure is now 76/42. A Foley catheter is placed, and her urine output is 12 ml/hour. What additional finding would suggest hemorrhagic shock over neurogenic shock?

What is the main goal of the primary survey in trauma assessment?

A 45-year-old male falls from a ladder and presents with severe upper-arm pain. Humerus X-ray (AP + lateral) shows: Spiral fracture at the midshaft, Mild displacement, Soft-tissue swelling and No shoulder or elbow dislocation. Which nerve is MOST at risk in this type of fracture?

A 7-year-old boy falls on his outstretched hand. Elbow X-ray shows: Posterior displacement of the distal humerus, Anterior humeral line not intersecting the capitellum and Presence of a posterior fat pad sign. What is the MOST likely diagnosis?

A 33-year-old female falls during skating. Forearm X-ray shows: Complete fracture of the ulna midshaft, Radial head dislocation, and Normal wrist alignment. Which injury pattern does this represent?

A 25-year-old athlete experiences wrist pain after a fall. Wrist X-ray reveals: Dorsal angulation of the distal radius and Transverse fracture 2 cm above the joint line. Which diagnosis fits best?

A 29-year-old male sustains a punch injury. Hand X-ray shows: • Fracture through the neck of the 5th metacarpal • Apex dorsal angulation • No rotational deformity What is this injury commonly called?

A male patient, 35 years old, fell from a height of 3 meters, complaining of inability to move both legs. Examination revealed loss of motor function below the level of Th10, sensory loss, and sphincter control disturbance. What is the most accurate diagnosis?

What are the characteristic signs of neurogenic shock in patients with cervical SCI?

Which of the following factors increases the risk of nonunion in mid-clavicle fractures when treated non-operatively?

A 12-year-old woman comes to the ER with complaints of pain in her forearm. Previously, the patient fell in the bathroom with her arm pinned against her body. Physical examination reveals swelling and tenderness in the right forearm. Fingers can still be moved. The radiological examination shows the following image: What is the diagnosis for this patient?

A 24-year-old adult complains of pain in his left hand, especially when moved. The complaint arose after the patient experienced an accident 1 hour ago and fell with his left hand supporting his body. Currently, the left hand shows deformity with angulation towards the dorsum of the hand. An X-ray shows a distal radius fracture. What is the diagnosis for this patient?

Which of the following is the most common mechanism of cervical spine injury?

A 25-year-old male presents after a motor vehicle accident with neck pain and neurological deficits. On examination, there is weakness in the deltoid muscle and sensory loss over the shoulder. Which cervical root is most likely involved?

The most common location of lumbar hernia nucleus pulposus is:

A 40-year-old patient presents with low back pain radiating to the medial leg and dorsum of the foot, with weakness of ankle dorsiflexion. Which nerve root is most likely affected by the herniated disc?

Seorang pria 27 tahun datang ke IGD setelah cedera lutut saat bermain futsal. Pasien mengeluh nyeri di lutut kiri, terutama saat menekuk lutut. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan nyeri tekan pada sela sendi lutut medial, tes McMurray menimbulkan bunyi click disertai nyeri. Apakah diagnosis yang paling mungkin pada pasien ini?

Seorang wanita 35 tahun datang dengan riwayat nyeri lutut setelah berlari marathon. Ia mengeluh lutut terasa terkunci sesaat lalu bisa digerakkan kembali, disertai nyeri pada pergerakan rotasi lutut. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjang ke arah cedera meniskus. Apa langkah penatalaksanaan awal yang paling tepat dilakukan di fasilitas kesehatan primer?

Seorang pria 32 tahun datang dengan keluhan nyeri lutut kanan setelah bermain basket. Pasien sulit menekuk lutut dan kadang terasa terkunci. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan nyeri tekan pada sela sendi lutut lateral, dengan tes Apley menimbulkan nyeri. Pemeriksaan penunjang apa yang paling tepat dilakukan pertama kali di fasilitas pelayanan primer untuk menyingkirkan diagnosis banding cedera tulang?

In femoral neck fractures in elderly patients, what is the greatest risk if fixation is not performed immediately?

A patient falls from a motorcycle and has a distal radius-ulna fracture with displacement. In adults, what is the main therapy option?

What is one indication for surgery in clavicle fractures?

Clavicle fractures most commonly occur at which location?

How to test the motor function of the radial nerve?

What is a common long-term complication of clavicle fractures, especially if not treated properly?

A 25-year-old man comes to the clinic with knee pain and a feeling of instability while walking. He is a futsal athlete. What is the most spesific special test to detect acute ACL injury?

What is the gold standard imaging examination to confirm ACL injury?

A 30-year-old is brought to the ER after a car accident. He has an obvious open fracture of the right femur with severe bleeding. According to Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) principles, what is the first step in management?

According to the Gustilo-Anderson classification of open fractures, an open tibia fracture with an 8 cm laceration and moderate soft tissue damage is classified as:

Antibiotic prophylaxis is guided by the Gustilo classification for open fractures. Which of the following is the most appropriate antibiotic regimen for a Gustilo Type III open fracture?

A patient is placed in a cast for a closed tibial shaft fracture. Six hours later, he complains of severe pain in the leg that is worsening and not relieved by analgesics. Examination reveals tense swelling of the calf and pain with passive movement of the toes; distal pulses are present. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which spinal regions are most commonly injured in spinal trauma?

A patient sustains a stab wound to the right side of his mid-back, resulting in hemisection of the spinal cord. On examination, he has paralysis and loss of proprioception/vibration on the right side below the injury, and loss of pain and temperature sensation on the left side below the injury. Which syndrome is most consistent with these findings?

A 10-year-old boy falls on his outstretched hand and sustains a distal radius fracture that involves the growth plate and extends through the metaphysis, but does not involve the epiphysis. According to the Salter-Harris classification, what type of physeal fracture is this?

Which of the following is NOT a typical radiographic finding in osteoarthritis of the knee?

A 16-year-old boy presents with progressive knee pain and a palpable mass around the distal thigh. X-ray of the distal femur shows a mixed lytic and blastic lesion in the metaphysis with a spiculated 'sunburst' periosteal pattern and a Codman's triangle. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Seorang pria berusia 40 tahun, seorang pemain tenis amatir, mengeluh nyeri pada sisi luar siku kanan selama 3 bulan. Nyeri terutama dirasakan saat menggenggam raket dan saat mengangkat benda berat. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan nyeri tekan pada daerah sekitar siku, dan tes ekstensi pergelangan tangan melawan resistensi menimbulkan nyeri.
Apakah diagnosis yang paling mungkin pada pasien di atas?

Seorang pria mengalami dislokasi sendi panggul setelah kecelakaan lalu lintas. Pemeriksaan radiologi menunjukkan adanya dislokasi pada hip joint ke posterior. Manifestasi klinis pada kasus ini adalah

Seorang remaja berusia 14 tahun datang dengan keluhan nyeri pada lutut kiri selama 2 bulan. Nyeri dirasakan semakin parah saat beraktivitas dan membaik dengan istirahat. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan nyeri tekan di sekitar distal femur. Foto X-ray menunjukkan lesi radiolusen dengan dinding sklerotik di tulang femur (abses brodie).

Seorang pria berusia 35 tahun mengalami nyeri hebat di pergelangan kaki setelah melompat dari ketinggian. Tes Thompson positif. Struktur anatomi yang paling mungkin mengalami ruptur adalah:

Perempuan usia 45 tahun datang dengan keluhan jari manis nya sering terkunci dan nyeri pada sendi metacarpophalangeal  terutama setelah fleksi,keluhan dialami sejak kurang lebih 2 bulan yang lalu, pasien adalah seorang ibu rumah tangga. Di manakah sering terjadi jepitan pada kasus ini ?

Di antara gambaran x-ray berikut, yang manakah merupakan gambaran khas dari Giant Cell Tumor?

A 55-year-old woman complains of pain in her right elbow for 4 months. The pain is mainly felt when bending the elbow and there is a tingling sensation in the little finger and ring finger. The patient mentions that the pain worsens at night and there is weakness in the hand. Physical examination shows tenderness over the cubital sulcus, a positive Tinel's test, and weakness in the intrinsic hand muscles. Radiological examination shows no abnormalities. What is the most likely diagnosis for the case above?

A 55-year-old woman sustains a distal radius fracture after slipping on wet tiles. Closed reduction and casting are performed. Two days later, she complains of numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. What is the most likely complication?

Seorang laki-laki berusia 28 tahun datang ke IGD setelah jatuh dari sepeda dan menahan tubuhnya dengan tangan dalam posisi ekstensi. Tidak ada luka terbuka dan tidak terdapat defisit neurovaskular distal. Radiografi menunjukkan dislokasi posterior siku tanpa fraktur penyert a.Dokter berencana melakukan reduksi tertutup dengan pasien dalam posisi terlentang. Dokter memegang pergelangan tangan pasien dan memberikan traksi longitudinal, sementara asisten menstabilkan lengan atas. Kemudian, dokter melakukan penekanan pada olekranon ke arah anterior sambil fleksi siku secara perlahan hingga posisi sendi kembali normal.

Teknik reduksi tertutup yang dijelaskan dalam skenario tersebut dikenal sebagai:

A young woman complains of hip pain that worsens with physical activity and improves at rest. Physical examination shows a Trendelenburg sign. What is the most relevant possible diagnosis based on this picture?

Seorang wanita berusia 50 tahun datang dengan keluhan nyeri dan kaku pada bahu kanan yang semakin parah saat mengangkat tangan. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan keterbatasan gerakan di semua Range of Motion. Apa yang menjadi diagnosis yang paling mungkin?

Seorang pasien laki-laki usia 30 tahun mengalami nyeri punggung bawah setelah mengangkat beban berat disertai rasa kebas ke tungkai kanan. Apa pemeriksaan penunjang yang paling tepat untuk menilai kemungkinan adanya herniasi diskus?

Seorang bayi usia 1 bulan di bawa ibunya ke rumah sakit dengan keluhan kelainan bentuk pada kedua kaki. apa diagnosis yang paling mungkin pada kasus ini?

Seorang pria usia 30 tahun dibawa ke IGD setelah jatuh dari ketinggian 5 meter dengan posisi terduduk. Pasien mengeluh nyeri hebat pada punggung bagian bawah dan tidak bisa menggerakkan kedua tungkai bawahnya. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan hilangnya sensasi dan kekuatan otot pada kedua ekstremitas bawah, refleks tendon patela dan Achilles menurun, serta retensi urin. Pemeriksaan radiologi menunjukkan fraktur kompresi vertebra L1 dengan retropulsi fragmen ke kanalis spinalis. Tindakan awal yang paling tepat pada pasien ini adalah:

Seorang pria usia 35 tahun dibawa ke IGD setelah mengalami kecelakaan lalu lintas kecepatan tinggi. Pasien sadar penuh, tanda vital stabil, dan tidak mengalami defisit neurologis. Pasien menyangkal konsumsi alkohol atau obat-obatan. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, nyeri tekan minimal di leher bagian posterior tanpa deformitas yang nyata. Pasien juga mengalami patah tulang femur yang menyebabkan nyeri hebat. Berdasarkan prinsip cervical spine clearance secara klinis, apakah alasan utama pada kasus ini sehingga evaluasi klinis saja belum dapat digunakan untuk menyingkirkan cedera cervical spine?

Seorang laki-laki berusia 20 tahun tertabrak mobil dan mengalami cedera seperti yang terlihat pada gambar. Pada pemerikaan fisik ditemukan luka berukuran 3 cm di sisi anterolateral paha seperti terlihat pada Gambar B. Pasien memiliki nilai ABI sebesar 0,6, dan denyut nadi perifer teraba lemah. Dilakukan pemeriksaan CT angiografi seperti tampak pada Gambar C. Pasien telah diberikan antibiotik yang sesuai, lalu dibawa ke kamar operasi untuk dilakukan debridemen (I&D) serta penanganan definitif yang dapat dilihat pada Gambar D. Di akhir prosedur, luka dapat ditutup secara primer. Berdasarkan klasifikasi Gustilo-Anderson, pasien ini mengalami fraktur terbuka tipe:

A 22-year-old female falls off the back of a motorcycle and sustains the injury in Figure A. She is hemodynamically unstable and massive transfusion protocol is activated. What is the correct ratio of transfusion of packed red blood cells, platelets and plasma?