Which of the following is not considered nutritional supplements for pregnant women?

Which of the following is considered a synthetic form of folate which helps prevent neural tube defects that usually affect the fetal brain growth and spinal cord?

Which of the following plays a vital role in producing hemoglobin, which is important in carrying oxygen to the body's tissues and also supports the increased blood volume during pregnancy?

Anemia of pregnancy is a condition where a pregnant person has a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which are needed to carry oxygen throughout the body. Which hematologic agent is routinely given to prevent anemia in pregnancy?

Which of the following supplement is crucial for fetal development during pregnancy that supports key functions such as vision, immune system and cell growth?

Which of the following supplement you can get from leafy greens, legumes and whole grains that is important during pregnancy for fetal brain and spinal cord development?

Aside from immune system boosting, which of the following supplement is needed to aid in iron absorption?

Which of the following supplement is important during pregnancy to help in development of baby's bone and teeth and helps in calcium absorption?

Which of the following supplement acts as an antioxidant thus protecting cells from any damage and support the health of both the mother and fetus by reducing the risk of complications like preeclampsia and premature birth?

Adequate supply of this supplement prevents cognitive impairments, developmental delays and complications like preterm birth. Which of the following supplements help in producing thyroid hormones which are essential for fetal brain development and nervous system development?

Source of this supplement is from dairy products as well as leafy greens. Which of the following supplement is important in the development of the fetus bones and teeth and support the heart, muscles and nerves?

Which of the following supplements helps in aiding calcium absorption and can help relieve pregnancy discomforts like muscle cramps and constipation?

Which of the following statement best identifies correct understanding of the midwife in providing health instruction to pregnant woman about taking iron supplement?

Which of the following supplement is not recommended for patient with severe allergies from shellfish or any seafoods or contrast-dyes procedures?

Which of the following term is referred to “heartburn” which is a minor discomfort of pregnancy?

A pregnant client in her third trimester complains of frequent and severe heartburn. Which lifestyle modification should the midwife recommend first?

Which of the following hormones increases during pregnancy that causes relaxation in the muscles of the digestive tract that causes digestion to slow down and allows stomach acid to move upward causing acid reflux or heartburn?

Which of the following is not considered as major causes of gastric acidity among pregnancy?

Which of the following antacids are best taken by the patient?

Histamine antagonist lower stomach acid production by blocking the histamine receptors in the stomach lining. Which of the following is best recommended for pregnant women?

The chelates cover the stomach lining by creating a protective barrier against acid and pepsin. Which of the following suggest that the midwife understand the mechanism of action of chelates?

Constipation is a common digestive issue that involves infrequent, hard and difficult bowel movements. Which of the is not considered part in causes of constipation among pregnant women?

Which of the following is the primary uses of laxatives for pregnant women?

Which of the following laxatives by reducing the surface tension of stool that allows water and fats to mix with fecal matter thus making defecation easier without stimulating the bowel?

Antibiotics are substances produced by microbes which selectively suppress the growth of or kill microbes while antimicrobial agents are usually synthetic as well as naturally obtained drugs that attenuate microbes. Which of the following is not included in inhibiting a microbe?

Which antimicrobial agents function by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall which weakens the cell wall leading to cell rupture and death from internal osmotic pressure?

Which of the following antimicrobial agents primarily inhibits bacterial protein synthesis which causes the rapid concentration-dependent killing of the bacterial cell?

Which of the following antimicrobial agents functions as bacteriostatic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the ribosomal subunit which prevents bacteria from growing and reproducing thus allowing immune system to be clear from infection?

Which of the following antimicrobial agents functions by inhibiting the two essential enzymes which are important for bacterial DNA function which ultimately killing the bacterium?

Which of the following antimicrobial agent work by competitively inhibiting the bacterial enzyme which is necessary for the synthesis of folic acid thus making the bacteria unable to multiply?

Which of the following refers to antibiotics that directly kills or destroys bacteria or the bacterial cells?

Which of the following refers to antibiotics that inhibit the growth of the bacteria allowing the body's immune system to eliminate infection?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a broad-spectrum antibiotic?

Which of the following is considered a characteristic of a narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

Which of the following refers to the ability of the microorganisms to survive exposure to drugs that once killed them which is commonly due to overuse of treatment, self-medication and incomplete treatment?

Consider the following: 1- Release, 2 – Replication, 3 – Attachment, 4 – Assembly, 5 – Penetration and Coating. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the viral life cycle?

This antiviral medication blocks the enzymes of the virus which is use to infect cells and spread throughout the body thus limiting the spread and helps the body to recover faster. Which of the following is used for treatment and prevention of influenza A and B?

This antiretroviral therapy is given to treat HIV infection especially to HIV-positive pregnant women and their babies to reduce the chance of passing the virus from mother to fetus during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding. Which of the following slows down the spread of the virus by preventing the enzyme from creating viral DNA by blocking the HIV replication cycle?

This antiviral medication is used for infections like chicken pox, herpes infections and shingles. Which of the following work primarily by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, which is essential for viral replication?

Which of the following antiretroviral medications blocks the active site of the viral protease enzyme which prevents the final assembly of new, infectious virus and halting viral replication cycle?

Which of the following antiretroviral medication blocks the enzyme from converting RNA to DNA thus halts the virus ability to replicate within the host cell?

Which of the following adverse effects is the most commonly associated with the use of zidovudine?

Which of the following is the primary reason for using a combination of antiretroviral drugs to manage HIV?

Which of the following antiretroviral drug (ARV) should not be taken during the first trimester of pregnancy?

Which of the following is a sign of a serious rash which needs urgent treatment?

Which of the following is considered a symptom of a burning pain in the feet?

Which of the following is not a class of antiretroviral drugs?

A young man 26 years old is started treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. He comes to the medical OPD after 1 week with complaint of orange red colored urine and sweat and tears. Which of the following drugs is most likely causing these symptoms?

Consider the following: 1 – Metabolism, 2 - Absorption, 3 – Distribution, 4 – Excretion. Which of the following is the correct order of sequence in pharmacokinetic process?