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WorksheetsIntroduction to Analytical Chemistry
Total questions: 91
Worksheet time: 46mins
What is Analytical Chemistry?
The study of living organisms
A measurement science consisting of a set of powerful ideas and methods that are useful in all fields of science and medicine
The study of physical laws
The study of ancient civilizations
Fill in the blank: Analytical chemistry is the science of inventing and applying the concepts, principles, and strategies for measuring the _______ of chemical systems and species.
characteristics
temperature
mass
volume
Fill in the blank: Analytical chemistry deals with methods for determining the _______ composition of samples.
chemical
physical
biological
mechanical
Analytical chemists typically operate at the extreme edges of analysis, extending and improving the ability of all chemists to make meaningful measurements on _________.
larger samples
smaller samples
only liquids
gases
Analytical chemists make meaningful measurements on more complex samples.
True
False
Analytical chemists make meaningful measurements on shorter time scales.
True
False
Analytical chemists make meaningful measurements on species present at ________ concentrations.
lower
higher
average
neutral
The techniques of analytical chemistry are used to identify the substances which may be present in a material and determine the ________ of the identified substances.
exact amounts
color
shape
temperature
What are the two main types of methods for determining the composition of substances in analytical chemistry?
qualitative and quantitative
physical and chemical
organic and inorganic
theoretical and practical
Fill in the blank: Qualitative analysis in analytical chemistry answers the question "______?"
what
how
when
where
Fill in the blank: Quantitative analysis in analytical chemistry answers the question "______?"
how much
what color
who
where
One role of analytical chemistry in industry, medicine, or science is:
Identifying and quantifying chemical substances in samples
Designing new chemical elements
Predicting weather patterns
Building mechanical devices
Fill in the blank: Chemical analysis is the determination of the physical properties or chemical ________ of samples of matter.
composition
reaction
temperature
color
Fill in the blank: A large body of systematic procedures is intended for the purposes of ________ analysis.
chemical
historical
literary
statistical
What does Qualitative analysis provide information about?
The mass of the analyte
The identity of an atomic, molecular or biomolecular species
The numerical amount of species
The color of the sample
What type of analysis provides numerical information as to the relative amounts of species?
Qualitative
Quantitative
Gravimetric
Volumetric
Gravimetric Methods determine the ______ of the analyte.
mass
volume
color
temperature
Which analytical method is used to determine the volume of the analyte?
Volumetric Methods
Spectroscopic Methods
Chromatographic Methods
Electroanalytical Methods
Which analytical method is based on measurement of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and analyte?
Volumetric Methods
Spectroscopic Methods
Chromatographic Methods
Electroanalytical Methods
Chromatographic Methods are separation techniques and quantification is based on _______.
polarity
temperature
pressure
density
Electroanalytical Methods involve the measurement of electrical properties such as ________, I, R and Q.
V
P
T
S
What are the two categories into which assays are divided depending on the manner in which they are performed?
Classical analysis and instrumental analysis
Quantitative and qualitative analysis
Physical and chemical analysis
Direct and indirect analysis
Classical analysis, also termed as wet chemical analysis, consists of those analytical techniques that use no mechanical or electronic ______ other than a balance.
instruments
chemicals
reagents
methods
The method usually relies on ______ between the analyte and a reagent that is added to the analyte.
chemical reactions
physical changes
temperature differences
electrical conductivity
In classical analysis, a balance is the only instrument used.
True
False
Wet techniques often depend on the formation of a product of the chemical reaction that is easily detected and measured. The product could be coloured or could be a solid that ______ from a solution.
precipitates
dissolves
evaporates
condenses
What does instrumental analysis involve?
Instrumental analysis involves the use of an instrument, other than a balance, to perform the analysis.
Instrumental analysis involves only manual calculations without any instruments.
Instrumental analysis is limited to chemical reactions without measurement tools.
Instrumental analysis is the study of balances and their calibration.
In instrumental analysis, what is used to characterize a chemical reaction between the analyte and an added reagent?
An instrument is used to characterize a chemical reaction between the analyte and an added reagent.
A catalyst is used to characterize a chemical reaction between the analyte and an added reagent.
A solvent is used to characterize a chemical reaction between the analyte and an added reagent.
A buffer is used to characterize a chemical reaction between the analyte and an added reagent.
Both classical and instrumental quantitative analyses can be divided into which two types?
Gravimetric and volumetric analyses.
Qualitative and quantitative analyses.
Chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses.
Electrochemical and thermal analyses.
Gravimetric analysis relies on a critical ______ measurement.
mass
volume
temperature
pressure
Which of the following analyses relies on a critical mass measurement?
Volumetric analysis
Gravimetric analysis
Instrumental analysis
Quantitative analysis
What does volumetric analysis rely on?
Mass measurement
Volume measurement
Temperature measurement
Pressure measurement
Fill in the blank: In titration, a liquid solution of a chemical reagent (called a ________) of known concentration is placed in a burette.
titrant
solvent
indicator
analyte
What is the purpose of a burette in titration?
To hold and dispense the titrant of known concentration.
To measure the temperature of the solution.
To mix the reactants thoroughly.
To detect the endpoint using color change.
The equivalence point in titration is when the added titrant volume is just sufficient to react with all of the analyte.
True
False
Fill in the blank: The amount or concentration of the analyte can be calculated at the ________ point during titration.
equivalence
end
starting
mid
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
Gas chromatography
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Potentiometry
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
High performance liquid chromatography
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
Ion chromatography
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
UV-Visible spectrophotometry
Potentiometry
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
Super critical fluid chromatography
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
Capillary electrophoresis
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
UV-Vis spectrophotometry
Potentiometry
Instrumental analysis is subdivided into categories on the basis of the type of instrumentation employed. Name one separation technique used in instrumental analysis.
Planar chromatography
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Which spectroscopic technique uses infrared radiation to analyze samples?
Infrared spectrometry (IR)
Ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Vis)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry (MS)
Which spectroscopic technique is based on the scattering of light?
Raman spectrometry
UV-Vis spectrometry
Infrared spectrometry
NMR spectrometry
Which spectroscopic technique involves the resonance of nuclear magnetic fields?
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Infrared spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Which spectroscopic technique is used to measure the absorption of light by atoms?
Atomic absorption spectrometry
Infrared spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Which spectroscopic technique uses plasma to excite atoms and measures the emitted light?
Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
Infrared spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Which spectroscopic technique combines plasma with mass spectrometry?
Inductively coupled plasma MS
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Which spectroscopic technique measures the fluorescence emitted by atoms?
Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
Atomic absorption spectrometry
Mass spectrometry
Infrared spectrometry
Which spectroscopic technique uses ultraviolet or visible light to analyze samples?
Ultraviolet/visible spectrometry (UV)
Infrared spectrometry (IR)
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
Mass spectrometry (MS)
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
Electron ionization MS
Amperometric technique
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
Chemical ionization MS
Voltammetric techniques
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
High resolution MS
Amperometric technique
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
Gas chromatography MS
Voltammetric techniques
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
Fast atom bombardment MS
Amperometric technique
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is a type of Mass Spectrometry technique?
HPLC MS
Voltammetric techniques
Potentiometric techniques
Conductiometric techniques
Which of the following is an Electrochemical technique?
Amperometric technique
Electron ionization MS
High resolution MS
HPLC MS
Which of the following is an Electrochemical technique?
Voltammetric techniques
Chemical ionization MS
Gas chromatography MS
Fast atom bombardment MS
Which of the following is an Electrochemical technique?
Potentiometric techniques
Electron ionization MS
High resolution MS
HPLC MS
Which of the following is an Electrochemical technique?
Conductiometric techniques
Chemical ionization MS
Gas chromatography MS
Fast atom bombardment MS
What is the first step in quantitative chemical analysis according to the flowchart?
Select method
Prepare sample
Analyze data
Report results
After acquiring the sample in quantitative chemical analysis, what is the next step?
Process sample
Dispose sample
Store sample indefinitely
Ignore sample
In quantitative chemical analysis, if the sample is not soluble, what should be done next?
Carry out chemical dissolution
Ignore the sample and proceed
Increase the temperature indefinitely
Add random chemicals without consideration
If the sample is soluble but does not have a measurable property, what is the next step in quantitative chemical analysis?
Change chemical form
Increase temperature
Add more solvent
Measure pH
Which step comes after 'Eliminate interferences' in quantitative chemical analysis?
Measure property X
Prepare sample
Calculate concentration
Report results
What is the final step in the flowchart for quantitative chemical analysis?
Estimate reliability of results
Prepare standard solutions
Collect sample
Perform titration
Which factor in the selection process refers to the need for precise results?
Accuracy required
Speed required
Cost involved
Availability of resources
Which factor in the selection process refers to the total investment needed for analysis?
Cost of analysis (total investment)
Time required for analysis
Accuracy of results
Availability of resources
Which factor in the selection process refers to how many samples need to be analyzed?
Number of sample to be analyzed
Type of analysis required
Cost of analysis
Location of samples
Which factor in the selection process refers to the duration needed to complete the analysis?
Time required for analysis
Cost of analysis
Accuracy of analysis
Complexity of analysis
Which factor in the selection process refers to the expertise needed to perform the analysis?
Skill required
Time available
Budget allocated
Location chosen
Which factor in the selection process refers to how difficult the sample is to analyze?
Complexity of the sample
Size of the sample
Source of the sample
Cost of the sample
Which factor in the selection process refers to how many different components are present in the sample?
Number of components in the sample
Volume of the sample
Temperature of the sample
Color of the sample
What is sampling? Fill in the blank: Sampling is the process of collecting a small mass of a material whose _______ accurately represents the bulk of the material from which it was taken.
composition
color
weight
size
To produce meaningful information, an analysis must be performed on a ________ sample.
representative
random
biased
small
For large heterogeneous samples, great effort is required to get a representative sample.
True
False
Proper sampling is the most difficult step in an analysis and the source of greatest error.
True
False
What is the third step in an analysis?
To process the sample
To collect the sample
To interpret the results
To report the findings
Which of the following is NOT a way to process a sample?
Preparing a Laboratory Sample
Defining Replicate Samples
Measuring pH directly
Preparing Solutions: Physical and Chemical Changes
List one circumstance where no sample processing is required prior to measurement.
When measuring pH of a water sample, no sample processing is required.
When measuring protein concentration in blood, extensive sample processing is required.
When measuring heavy metals in soil, sample digestion is required.
When measuring bacterial count in food, enrichment and plating are required.
Name one way in which samples are processed under most circumstances.
Preparing a Laboratory Sample
Defining Replicate Samples
Preparing Solutions: Physical and Chemical Changes
All of the above
What is the need to eliminate substances from the sample in chemical analysis?
To prevent interference with the measurement step.
To increase the sample volume.
To change the color of the sample.
To reduce the cost of analysis.
Few chemical or physical properties of importance in chemical analysis are unique to a single chemical species.
True
False
Species other than the analyte that affect the final measurement are called ________.
interferences
analytes
standards
buffers
An interference causes an error in an analysis by:
Enhancing the quantity being measured
Attenuating the quantity being measured
Both A and B
None of the above
A scheme must be devised to isolate the analytes from ________.
interferences
solvents
reagents
products
Ideally, the measurement of a physical or chemical property (X) is directly proportional to the concentration (C_A). What is the formula that represents this relationship?
C_A = kX
C_A = X + k
C_A = X/k
C_A = k/X
What is the process of determining k (the proportionality constant) in the formula C_A = kX called?
Measurement
Calibration
Analysis
Concentration
In analytical chemistry, calibration is an important step in most analyses.
True
False
Which of the following is NOT a factor in calculating analyte concentrations from experimental data?
Raw experimental data
Measurement instrument characteristics
Stoichiometry of the analytical reaction
Color of the analyte
Fill in the blank: Analytical results are incomplete without an estimate of their _________.
reliability
cost
speed
quantity
