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Endocrine System Pre-Test

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Initial treatment for a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy for pituitary tumor would most likely involve:

a)

Repacking the nose

b)

Returning the client to surgery

c)

Enforcing bed rest with the head of the bed elevated

d)

Administering high-dose corticosteroid therapy

2.

Another typical symptom of hyperthyroidism is:

a)

Anorexia

b)

Tachycardia

c)

Weight gain

d)

Goiter

3.

Appropriate nursing diagnosis for the client with hypothyroidism would likely include which of the following?

a)

High risk for injury: corneal abrasion related to incomplete closure of eyelid

b)

Altered Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to hypermetabolism

c)

Fluid Volume Deficit related to diarrhea

d)

Activity intolerance related to fatigue associated with the disorder

4.

Rodwin has recently undergone surgical removal of a pituitary tumor. Dr. Wong prescribes corticotropin (Acthar), 20 units I.M. Q.I.D. as a replacement therapy. What is the mechanism of action of corticotropin?

a)

It decreases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and affects the metabolic rate of target organs.

b)

It interacts with plasma membrane receptors to inhibit enzymatic actions.

c)

It interacts with plasma membrane receptors to produce enzymatic actions that affect protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.

d)

It regulates the threshold for water resorption in the kidneys.

5.

A 28-year-old man presents with gradual enlargement of hands and feet, coarse facial features, and deepened voice that developed after puberty. Which of the following conditions does this indicate?

a)

Gigantism

b)

Acromegaly

c)

Dwarfism

d)

Hypothyroidism

6.

A 45-year-old with small-cell lung cancer has low serum sodium, low serum osmolality, and concentrated urine. What is the possible diagnosis?

a)

Diabetes insipidus

b)

SIADH

c)

Conn’s syndrome

d)

Hyperthyroidism

7.

Mr. Saunders undergoes hypophysectomy. In the immediate postoperative period, the nurse should monitor him closely for signs of:

a)

Decreasing intracranial pressure

b)

Cerebral edema

c)

Thyroid storm

d)

Hyperglycemic shock

8.

Situation: Kelly Walters appears normal at birth. Six weeks later, she begins to eat poorly, her skin becomes dry and scaly, and her tongue begins to protrude. She is being breastfed. Kelly has cretinism. Her mother asks the nurse, "how will we know if the medicine is helping Kelly?" The nurse should respond by saying that in addition to certain blood tests, Kelly will also be evaluated by regular examinations of her:

a)

Metabolic rate

b)

Skeletal growth

c)

Muscular coordination

d)

Electrolyte blood levels

9.

A patient is admitted with uncontrolled hypertension and the doctor suspects pheochromocytoma. On assessment, you note the blood pressure to be 196/120 and HR 130. The patient reports feeling very anxious, sweaty, and having palpitations. What do you expect the doctor will order to confirm a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?

a)

Urinalysis

b)

Urine culture

c)

24-hour urine

d)

8-hour urine

10.

Which medication blocks synthesis of thyroid hormone and is safe in non-pregnant patients?

a)

Methimazole

b)

Levothyroxine

c)

Radioactive iodine immediately

d)

Insulin

11.

A patient develops fever, sore throat and suspected agranulocytosis after starting PTU. What is your priority intervention?

a)

Continue medication and observe

b)

Stop drug immediately and obtain WBC with differential

c)

Increase dose of PTU

d)

Start levothyroxine instead

12.

This client undergoes a subtotal thyroidectomy. Which of the following techniques would best enable the nurse to assess her wound for bleeding?

a)

Gently slip a hand behind her neck and check for blood on the back of her neck and on the bed linens.

b)

Carry out a routine dressing change every 2 hours for at least 12 hours and then every 4 hours for the next 2 days.

c)

Carefully loosen the dressings on both ends and have the client turn her head to one side while observing for bleeding.

d)

Check her blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate every hour for the first 24 hours and every 2 hours for the next 24 hours.

13.

Protrusion of the eyeballs can be observed in some clients with hyperthyroidism. Bulging eyes or protrusion bulbi is a condition that is also known as:

a)

Nyctalopia

b)

Exophthalmia

c)

Presbyopia

d)

Hyperopia

14.

In administering potassium iodide to the client, the nurse must consider that this medication is best administered with:

a)

Meals

b)

Plain Water

c)

Fruit Juice

d)

Milk

15.

Which drug class is used short-term to control adrenergic symptoms (palpitations, tremor) in hyperthyroidism?

a)

Beta-blockers

b)

ACE inhibitors

c)

Calcium channel blockers for all patients

d)

Insulin

16.

You are caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism. This includes:

a)

Encourage fluids to prevent renal stones and monitor electrolytes

b)

Encourage high-calcium diet immediately

c)

Restrict activity only

d)

Avoid monitoring cardiac rhythm

17.

Capillary glucose monitoring is being performed every 4 hours for a female client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin is administered using a scale of regular insulin according to glucose results. At 2 p.m., the client has a capillary glucose level of 250 mg/dl for which he receives 8 U of regular insulin. Nurse Vince should expect the dose’s:

a)

Onset to be at 2 p.m. and its peak to be at 3 p.m.

b)

Onset to be at 2:15 p.m. and its peak to be at 3 p.m.

c)

Onset to be at 2:30 p.m. and its peak to be at 4 p.m.

d)

Onset to be at 4 p.m. and its peak to be at 6 p.m.

18.

Acarbose (Precose), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is prescribed for a female client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. During discharge planning, nurse Pauleen would be aware of the client’s need for additional teaching when the client states:

a)

“If I have hypoglycemia, I should eat some sugar, not dextrose.”

b)

“When the drug makes my pancreas release more insulin.”

c)

“I should never take insulin while I’m taking this drug.”

d)

“It’s best if I take the drug with the first bite of a meal.”

19.

Maria is diagnosed with pheochromocytoma and has to undergo surgery. As part of her preoperative management, which of the following should be included?

a)

Alpha-adrenergic blockade

b)

Immediate surgery without preparation

c)

High dose corticosteroids only

d)

Fluid restriction only

20.

Situation: Eight-year-old Andy Thompson is admitted to the hospital unconscious. He has ketoacidosis due to type I diabetes. A typical sign Andy is likely to demonstrate on admission is:

a)

Dilated pupils.

b)

A slow pulse rate.

c)

Excessive perspiration.

d)

Deep, rapid respirations.

21.

Mrs. Lonzo says, “My husband and I are not heavy drinkers, but we do like to have wine with our evening meal. Is that alright?” The nurse should caution Mrs. Lonzo that alcoholic beverages must be included in calculating total caloric intake and if used in excess by someone taking tolbutamide (Orinase), tend to cause symptoms of:

a)

Hypokalemia

b)

Hyperkalemia

c)

Hyperglycemia

d)

Hypoglycemia

22.

After five years of treatment, Mrs. Lonzo, now age 60, needs to switch to insulin therapy. The oral hypoglycemic agent is discontinued and isophane insulin suspension (NPH insulin) is prescribed for her. Mrs. Lonzo is taught to take her insulin at 8 am each day. At which time is Mrs. Lonzo at greatest risk for hypoglycemia?

a)

About 11 am, shortly before lunch

b)

About 1 pm, shortly after lunch

c)

About 5 pm, shortly before dinner

d)

About 11 pm, shortly before bedtime

23.

A woman was taught how to administer insulin on her diabetic child. During the return-demonstration, which of the following actions if performed by the mother indicates to the nurse that she still needs further teaching? She was observed:

a)

Handwashing before the procedure

b)

Injecting it on the abdominal area

c)

Withdrawing regular insulin first before NPH

d)

Shaking the vial vigorously

24.

Musculo-skeletal problems may also occur in clients with this chronic endocrine disorder. Which of these conditions is most likely to occur as a result of elevated corticosteroid levels?

a)

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

b)

Osteomyelitis

c)

Osteoarthritis

d)

Osteoporosis

25.

Situation: A 37-year-old female named Kari, a corporate executive, manifested weight gain, moon face, body weakness and poor resistance to stress and infection as a result of hypersecretion of corticoid hormones by the adrenal glands. This condition is mainly manifested by clients with

a)

Hyperthyroidism

b)

Hypothyroidism

c)

Addison’s Disease

d)

Cushing’s Syndrome

26.

Aside from the chief complaints mentioned by Kari during initial assessment, the client with this endocrine disease was also observed to show the following manifestations, except:

a)

Alopecia

b)

Hirsutism

c)

Buffalo Hump

d)

Truncal Obesity

27.

Which drug suppresses GH secretion in acromegaly?

a)

Desmopressin

b)

Octreotide

c)

Levothyroxine

d)

Insulin

28.

Post-transsphenoidal hypophysectomy nursing care includes all except:

a)

Elevating head of bed

b)

Monitoring for CSF leak

c)

Encouraging coughing and sneezing

d)

Checking for vision changes

29.

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is:

a)

Hashimoto’s disease

b)

Graves’ disease

c)

Subacute thyroiditis

d)

Thyroid cancer

30.

Mrs. Lonzo is taught that an especially desirable constituent in her diet that has been observed to minimize a rise in blood glucose levels after meals is:

a)

Dietary fibers

b)

Dairy products

c)

Foods fortified with vitamins

d)

Organ meats

31.

When caring for a patient with Cushing’s syndrome, which of the following is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis?

a)

Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

b)

Impaired gas exchange

c)

Risk for infection

d)

Fluid volume deficit

32.

A patient with acromegaly is scheduled for pituitary surgery. Pre-operative teaching should emphasize:

a)

Avoid brushing teeth for 10 days after surgery

b)

Expect lifelong levothyroxine therapy

c)

Anticipate needing dialysis

d)

Restrict fluids for 24 hours before surgery

33.

Gian is diagnosed with SIADH. His laboratory results showed a Na level of 118 mmol/L and confusion. As his nurse, which is your priority nursing action?

a)

Offer salt tablets

b)

Restrict fluids and initiate seizure precautions

c)

Encourage oral water intake

d)

Administer IV insulin

34.

A 40-year-old with Graves’ disease is prescribed propranolol. The nurse explains this drug will help with which of the following?

a)

Preventing exophthalmos

b)

Reducing goiter size

c)

Relieving tachycardia and tremors

d)

Increasing thyroid hormone synthesis

35.

Which lab result confirms primary hypothyroidism?

a)

Low TSH, low T3 & T4

b)

High TSH, low T3 & T4

c)

Low TSH, high T3 & T4

d)

High TSH, high T3 & T4

36.

Ralph is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism. Which among the complications is he most at risk to have?

a)

Kidney stones

b)

Seizures from hypocalcemia

c)

Hyponatremia

d)

Hyperkalemia

37.

A client is experiencing extreme thirst, frequent urination, and fruity-smelling breath. You know that these are signs and symptoms of DKA. Which will be your initial priority?

a)

IV regular insulin immediately

b)

IV fluids first, then insulin

c)

Subcutaneous NPH insulin

d)

Oral rehydration solution

38.

A nurse is teaching a client about insulin glargine. Which statement is correct?

a)

I will mix it with regular insulin.

b)

I will take it once daily at the same time.

c)

It peaks in 30 minutes.

d)

It is only used in DKA.

39.

A nurse is caring for a client with pheochromocytoma. Which data would indicate a potential complication associated with this disorder?

a)

A urinary output of 50 ml/hr

b)

A coagulation time of 5 min

c)

Congestion heard on auscultation of the lungs

d)

A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 20 mg/dl

40.

Which nursing action would be appropriate to implement when a client has a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?

a)

Weigh the client

b)

Test the client's urine for glucose

c)

Monitor the blood pressure

d)

Palpate the client's skin to determine warmth

41.

A client with hypothyroidism is prescribed levothyroxine. Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?

a)

I will take this medicine at night with my dinner.

b)

I will stop taking it once I feel better.

c)

I will take it every morning on an empty stomach.

d)

This drug works immediately.

42.

A nurse suspects myxedema coma. Which manifestation supports her suspicion?

a)

Severe tachycardia and fever

b)

Bradycardia, hypothermia, altered LOC

c)

Tremors and agitation

d)

Profuse sweating

43.

A post-thyroidectomy patient suddenly complains of tingling around the mouth and spasms in the hands. Which is the best initial action?

a)

Place on seizure precautions

b)

Give IV calcium gluconate

c)

Encourage deep breathing

d)

Give levothyroxine

44.

A client with hypoparathyroidism should increase intake of which foods?

a)

Cheese and yogurt

b)

Bananas and oranges

c)

Bacon and sausage

d)

Rice and bread

45.

A patient with Addison’s disease says, “I stopped taking my hydrocortisone because I felt fine.” Which is the nurse’s best response?

a)

That’s okay, your adrenal glands will recover.

b)

You must continue hydrocortisone for life to prevent crisis.

c)

Only take it when you feel tired.

d)

Double your dose when you feel sick.

46.

Diabetes insipidus is usually managed conservatively. If the client develops signs of dehydration, the nurse would expect the physician to order which medication?

a)

Corticotropin (ACTH)

b)

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

c)

Oxytocin

d)

Cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)

47.

Following hypophysectomy, the client should be monitored for signs and symptoms of which potential complication?

a)

Acromegaly

b)

Cushing’s disease

c)

Diabetes Mellitus

d)

Hypopituitarism

48.

The most important factor predisposing a female to Type II (adult-onset) diabetes mellitus is

a)

Obesity

b)

Cigarette smoking

c)

Giving birth to more than two children

d)

Sedentary lifestyle

49.

Saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) is prescribed preoperatively for the client with hyperthyroidism. The primary reason for using this drug is that it helps:

a)

Slow progression of exophthalmos

b)

Reduce the vascularity of the thyroid gland

c)

Decrease the body’s ability to store thyroxin

d)

Increase the body’s ability to excrete thyroxin

50.

Mrs. Muriel Torry, a 33-year-old homemaker and mother of three children, visits her physician because of nervousness, irritability, and difficulty sleeping. A tentative diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is made. Which symptom related her menstrual cycle is she very likely to report on the initial assessment?

a)

Dysmenorrhea

b)

Metrorrhagia

c)

Oligomenorrhea

d)

Menorrhagia