Counter-regulatory hormones in stress hyperglycemia include cortisol, catecholamines, glucagon and:

A key metabolic defect in stress hyperglycemia is:

Admission glucose $$\ge 250\ \text{mg/dL}$$ in pneumonia increases mortality and:

Hyperglycemia ( $$>200\ \text{mg/dL}$$ \u00d72) occurs in hospitalized patients in:

Newly discovered hyperglycemia is associated with:

Hyperglycemia significantly increases risk of:

Poor wound healing in hyperglycemia is largely due to impaired:

Hospital hyperglycemia is strongly linked to which condition(s)?

Stress hyperglycemia vs. newly diagnosed diabetes can be differentiated by:

NICE-SUGAR recommends glucose target in ICU:

Intensive insulin therapy increases:

NICE-SUGAR showed higher 90-day mortality in:

AACE–ADA recommends initiating insulin therapy when glucose exceeds

Recommended ICU glucose target (AACE–ADA)

WHO defines obesity primarily as excess

BMI obesity cutoff (WHO)

BMI obesity cutoff (Asian)

ABCD stands for Adiposity-Based

Waist circumference is used to assess

Y–Y Paradox highlights mismatch between BMI and

Most accurate body composition method

ORCD stands for Obesity-Related

Obesity complication: metabolic

For OA, required weight loss is around

Bariatric surgery typical weight loss

Pharmacotherapy expected loss

Most potent incretin for weight loss

Tirzepatide mechanism

Mean weight loss with tirzepatide (obesity, no diabetes)

Retatrutide activates GLP-1, GIP and

Orforglipron is the first oral non-peptide

CagriSema combines semaglutide +

GLP-1 agonists reduce

GLP-1 slows

BELIEVE trial combo was semaglutide +

Bimagrumab preserves

Median diabetes-free survival after gastric bypass is:

Higher chance of diabetes remission is associated with:

Higher visceral fat is linked with:

Perioperative mortality of metabolic surgery is:

Early dumping syndrome usually starts:

Late dumping syndrome usually starts:

Main driver of late post-surgical hypoglycemia is:

Post-surgical hypoglycemia risk is highest after:

First-line management of post-surgical hypoglycemia is:

Substance use increases the risk of:

Surgery should be postponed in individuals with:

Hormone-based anti-obesity medications can be used:

The only currently approved short-term weight-loss device is the gastric:

Five-year diabetes remission after gastric bypass is:

Five-year diabetes remission after sleeve gastrectomy is:

Hormone-based medications after surgery help treat:

Micronutrient and metabolic monitoring after surgery should be:

Metabolic surgery should be performed in centers with:

Lifestyle medicine reverses which root driver?

Early diabetes shows partial reversibility of which function?

Post-meal walking reduces glucose peaks by:

Minimum sleep linked with increased insulin resistance:

Remission is improved most by reducing:

Diet trials showing forty-six percent remission at one year:

Most consistent guideline advice is to increase:

Ultra-processed foods mainly cause:

Strongest contributor to hyperglycemia among substances:

Stress increases glucose via hormone:

Movement used as "glucose disposal therapy":

Most protective sleep target:

Strong predictor of better adherence in diabetes:

Diet pattern rich in olive oil and fish:

Behavioural drivers of obesity best reversed by:

Postural behaviour needing interruption every thirty minutes:

Limiting this fat improves insulin sensitivity:

Most helpful proteins for glycemic control:

Sleep disruption increases:

Emotional eating is strongly driven by:

First-line intervention in type 2 diabetes?

Main cause of increased fasting glucose early in disease?

Drug group that lowers risk of heart failure admission?

Drug class with weight loss benefit?

Drug class linked with weight gain?

When to start dual therapy?

Drug with strong kidney protection?

Empagliflozin reduces death from heart causes by?

Empagliflozin reduces new or worsening kidney disease by?

Early disease stage with rising glucose post meals?

A one percent fall in A1C reduces stroke risk by?

Cardiovascular guideline recommending risk-based drug choice?

Condition strongly linked with insulin resistance?

Drug option for high cardiovascular risk?

Therapy recommended when A1C ten or more?