WorksheetsWeb Operations (WEEK 5 LESSON)
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
What is a web server?
A collection of web pages
A computer where the web content is stored and responds to requests for web resources
A type of email server
A gaming server
A web site is a collection of _________?
web pages
books
folders
videos
Which of the following is NOT a function of a web server?
Sending files to the client associated with the requested URL
Generating response by invoking a script and communicating with a database
Playing video games
Responding to HTTP requests
Web server responds to the client request in either of the following two ways: 1. Sending the file to the client associated with the requested URL 2. ________
Generating response by invoking a script and communicating with database
Sending a random error message to the client
Ignoring the client request completely
Redirecting the client to an unrelated website
Which component is responsible for handling HTTP requests from the web client?
Static Data Store
Web Server
Application Server
Web Container
If the requested web page is not found, web server will send an HTTP response: _________?
Error 404 Not found.
Error 200 OK.
Error 500 Internal Server Error.
Error 301 Moved Permanently.
If client has requested for some other resources then the web server will contact the application server and data store to construct the HTTP response. True or False: The web server always sends the requested page directly to the client without contacting any other server.
True
False
Web Server Architecture follows the following two approaches: 1. Concurrent Approach 2. Single-Process-Event-Driven Approach. Which of the following is NOT an approach followed by Web Server Architecture?
Concurrent Approach
Single-Process-Event-Driven Approach
Multi-Process Approach
None of the above
Fill in the blank: The concurrent approach can be achieved by ________, multi-threaded, and hybrid methods.
Multi-process
Single-threaded
Distributed
Sequential
The role of the parent process in multi-processing web server architecture is:
To manage and spawn child processes
To handle all client requests directly
To serve static files only
To maintain database connections
Multi-threaded approach creates multiple single-threaded processes.
True
False
Fill in the blank: The hybrid approach combines ________ and ________ methods to handle client requests.
multi-process and multi-threaded
single-process and single-threaded
event-driven and asynchronous
sequential and parallel
Which web server is the most popular in the world, developed by the Apache Software Foundation, and can be installed on almost all operating systems including Linux, UNIX, Windows, FreeBSD, Mac OS X and more?
Apache HTTP Server
Nginx
Microsoft IIS
LiteSpeed
Which web server is a high performance Web Server from Microsoft, runs on Windows NT/2000 and 2003 platforms, and is tightly integrated with the operating system?
Internet Information Services (IIS)
Apache HTTP Server
Nginx
Tomcat
Which open source web server, pronounced 'lighty', is distributed with the FreeBSD operating system and is known for being fast, secure, and consuming much less CPU power?
Lighttpd
Apache
Nginx
Tomcat
Which web server from Sun Microsystems is suited for medium and large websites, runs on Windows, Linux, and UNIX platforms, and supports various languages and technologies required for Web 2.0?
Sun Java System Web Server
Apache HTTP Server
Microsoft IIS
Nginx
Which web server comes from the World Wide Web Consortium, is open source and free, runs on various platforms, and has been written in Java to run CGI scripts and PHP programs?
Jigsaw Server
Apache HTTP Server
Nginx
Tomcat
Which of the following is NOT a basic functionality of a proxy server?
Firewall and network data filtering
Network connection sharing
Data caching
Hosting websites
What are the reasons to use proxy servers? List any two.
Monitoring and Filtering, Improving performance
Sending emails, Playing games, Watching movies
Cooking food, Painting, Dancing
Sleeping, Running, Jumping
Which of the following is NOT a kind of filtering done by proxy servers?
Content Filtering
Filtering encrypted data
Bypass filters
Data mining
Logging and eavesdropping
Proxy servers allow us to do several kinds of filtering such as: Content Filtering, Filtering encrypted data, Bypass filters, and ________.
Logging and eavesdropping
Data compression
Bandwidth throttling
IP address masking
How do proxy servers improve performance?
By retrieving content from the cache which was saved when a previous request was made by the client.
By encrypting all outgoing traffic to the internet.
By blocking all incoming requests from external sources.
By directly connecting clients to the destination server without any filtering.
Translation proxies help to customize the source site for local users by ________ source content or substituting source content with original local content.
excluding
duplicating
translating
removing
In accessing services anonymously, the destination server receives the request from the anonymizing proxy server and does not receive information about the end user.
True
False
Why does using a proxy server improve security?
Because the proxy server hides the identity of the user, protecting from spam and hacker attacks.
Because the proxy server increases internet speed by compressing data.
Because the proxy server provides unlimited access to all websites.
Because the proxy server automatically removes all viruses from downloaded files.
In Forward Proxies, the client requests its internal network server to forward to the ________.
internet
printer
local database
router
What is the main function of an Open Proxy?
To speed up internet connection
To conceal the client's IP address while browsing the web
To block access to certain websites
To store website data
Fill in the blank: Open Proxies help the clients to ______ their IP address while browsing the web.
conceal
reveal
share
broadcast
Which statement best describes a Reverse Proxy?
It hides the user's IP address from the internet
It forwards requests to one or more proxy servers and retrieves the response as if it came directly from the original server
It stores cached web pages for faster access
It encrypts all user data
In the diagram labeled 'Reverse Proxies', which component receives the request from the Internet before forwarding it to the Web Server?
User
Proxy
Example.com
Internal Network
What is the purpose of the 'Proxy user interface' module?
It controls and manages the user interface and provides an easy to use graphical interface, window and a menu to the end user.
It handles network communication between different modules.
It is responsible for database management and storage.
It provides security and authentication features for the application.
List any two functionalities offered by the Proxy user interface module.
Start proxy, Stop proxy
Change password, View logs
Configure firewall, Set permissions
Monitor bandwidth, Block websites
What functionality does the Proxy server listener module provide?
It is the port where new request from the client browser is listened. It also performs blocking of clients from the list given by the user.
It encrypts all outgoing traffic from the server to the client.
It manages the server's database connections and queries.
It handles the server's authentication and authorization processes.
Which module is responsible for blocking clients from the list given by the user?
Proxy server listener
Cache manager
Session handler
Request router
Name any two functions performed by the Connection Manager module.
Read request from header of the client, Parse the URL and determine whether the URL is blocked or not (other correct answers: Generate connection to the web server, Read the reply from the web server)
Manage user authentication and password storage
Handle database transactions and queries
Monitor hardware temperature and fan speed
The Connection Manager module generates a connection to the web server.
True
False
The Proxy user interface module manages cache.
True
False
What does the Connection Manager do after reading the request from the header of the client?
It parses the URL and determines whether the URL is blocked or not.
It encrypts the request and sends it to the server.
It closes the connection immediately.
It stores the request in a cache for future use.
Which module offers the functionality to modify configuration?
Proxy user interface
Network monitor
Session logger
Traffic analyzer
The role of the Cache manager as shown in the diagram is:
To store frequently accessed data for faster retrieval.
To manage user authentication and authorization.
To handle network communication between servers.
To perform data backup and recovery operations.
What is the main responsibility of the Cache Manager module in web systems?
Storing, deleting, clearing and searching of web pages in the cache.
Managing user authentication and access control.
Handling database transactions and queries.
Generating dynamic content for web pages.
What is the main responsibility of the Log Manager module in web systems?
Viewing, clearing and updating the logs.
Managing user authentication and authorization.
Handling database transactions and queries.
Generating dynamic web pages.
What does the Configuration module help to create in web systems?
Configuration settings which let other modules perform desired configurations such as caching.
User authentication protocols for secure login.
Database schemas for storing user data.
Frontend templates for user interface design.
A web cache (or HTTP cache) is an information technology for the temporary storage (caching) of web documents, such as web pages, images and other types of web multimedia, to reduce server lag.
True
False
Which of the following best describes a forward position system (recipient or client-side)?
A cache outside the Web server's network, such as on the client computer or ISP
A cache in front of one or more Web servers
A cache that only stores images
A cache that only stores videos
Which of the following is a function of a reverse position system (content provider or web-server side)?
Accelerating requests from the Internet and reducing peak Web server load
Only storing heavily accessed items
Only caching images
Only used by ISPs
HTTP defines three basic mechanisms for controlling caches. Fill in the blanks: The three mechanisms are ________, ________, and ________.
freshness, validation, invalidation
expiration, validation, deletion
refresh, verification, removal
staleness, authentication, clearance
What does the 'Freshness' mechanism in HTTP cache control allow?
It allows a response to be used without re-checking it on the origin server.
It checks if a cached response is still good after it becomes stale.
It invalidates the cache after a POST request.
It encrypts the cache data.
Which HTTP cache control mechanism can be used to check whether a cached response is still good after it becomes stale? Choose the correct option.
Freshness
Validation
Invalidation
Encryption
What is usually a side effect of another request that passes through the cache, such as a POST, PUT, or DELETE request?
Freshness
Validation
Invalidation
Encryption
When a memory address from the processor is not found in the cache, where is the data pulled from?
Main memory
Processor registers
Hard disk
ROM
What is the main purpose of a browser cache in web browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, and Chrome?
To improve performance of frequently accessed webpages by storing requested files in the browser's cache.
To increase the security of the browser by blocking pop-ups.
To automatically update the browser to the latest version.
To prevent users from accessing certain websites.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why cache is important?
Reduces latency for active data
Increases I/O operations to external storage
Maintains data consistency and integrity
Allows flash to be used for lower latency workloads
Cache memory is either included on the CPU or embedded in a chip on the system board.
True
False
Which cache algorithm removes the least recently accessed items when the cache reaches its limit?
Least Frequently Used (LFU)
Least Recently Used (LRU)
Most Recently Used (MRU)
Fill in the blank: ________ cache keeps track of how often an entry is accessed. The item that has the lowest count gets removed first.
Least Frequently Used (LFU)
Most Recently Used (MRU)
First In First Out (FIFO)
Least Recently Used (LRU)
Which cache policy writes operations to storage, skipping the cache altogether?
Write-around cache
Write-back cache
Write-through cache
Read-around cache
Write-through cache writes data to both cache and storage, and the write operation is considered complete only after the data is written to both.
True
False
What is the main disadvantage of write-around cache?
Data isn't cached unless it's read from storage, resulting in slow read operations.
It increases the cache hit rate significantly.
It reduces the need for main memory.
It improves write performance for all types of data.
Which cache policy is best when older items are more likely to be used?
Least Frequently Used (LFU)
Least Recently Used (LRU)
Most Recently Used (MRU)
Write-back cache is similar to write-through caching in that all the write operations are directed to the cache.
True
False
What is a cache server?
A dedicated network server or service acting as a server or web server that saves webpages or other internet content locally.
A type of memory used for temporary storage of data on NAND flash memory chips.
A battery backup used to protect data or flush data to DRAM.
A hard disk drive used for permanent storage.
Fill in the blank: ________ holds recently read data and perhaps adjacent data areas that are likely to be accessed soon. Some disk caches cache data based on how frequently it's read.
Disk cache
RAM
CPU register
Virtual memory
Cache memory is often tied directly to the CPU and is used to cache instructions that are frequently accessed. What type of memory is cache memory usually based on?
NAND flash memory
RAM
SSD
HDD
Flash cache is temporary storage of data on ________ chips, often using solid-state drives (SSDs), to fulfill data requests faster than would be possible if the cache were on a traditional hard disk drive (HDD).
NAND flash memory
DRAM
EPROM
SRAM
Persistent cache is considered actual storage capacity where data isn't lost in the case of a system reboot or crash. What is used as additional protection against data loss?
SSD
Battery-backed dynamic RAM (DRAM)
HDD
NAND flash memory
Which type of memory is closest to the CPU and is accessed most quickly?
Secondary Memory
Main Memory
Cache Memory
Virtual Address
What is the main reason cache is helpful in a computer's CPU?
Cache is helpful because a computer's CPU typically has a much higher clock speed than the system bus used to connect it to RAM, allowing frequently accessed data to be read faster.
Cache is helpful because it increases the size of the CPU.
Cache is helpful because it reduces the power consumption of the CPU.
Cache is helpful because it allows the CPU to connect to more external devices.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about CPU cache levels?
L1 cache is usually built on the microprocessor chip.
L2 cache is always built on the motherboard.
L3 cache is used only for graphics processing.
L4 cache is the fastest cache level.
Fill in the blank: The underlying premise of cache is that data that has been ________ once is likely to be requested again.
requested
deleted
ignored
modified
What is the function of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in a computer system?
TLB is a memory cache that stores recent translations of virtual memory to physical addresses and speeds up virtual memory operations.
TLB is used to increase the size of the physical memory in a computer system.
TLB is responsible for managing the CPU clock speed.
TLB is a hardware device that controls input and output operations.
RAM cache is usually faster than CPU cache memory.
True
False
Cache memory and RAM differ in terms of their location and speed. Which of the following statements best describes this difference?
Cache memory is located closer to the CPU and is faster than RAM.
RAM is located closer to the CPU and is faster than cache memory.
Cache memory and RAM are located at the same place and have the same speed.
RAM is located inside the CPU and is faster than cache memory.
What performance issue can occur due to excessive resource use or caching system conflicts?
Cache thrash
Memory leak
Deadlock
Buffer overflow
What is the main purpose of a buffer in computer systems?
To permanently store data
To temporarily store data for devices or processes operating at different speeds or priorities
To delete unnecessary files
To increase internet speed
Both buffers and cache offer a temporary holding place for data.
True
False
Fill in the blank: A buffer aims to let devices and processes operate ______ from one another.
separately
together
quickly
slowly
Which of the following are common problems that indicate poor website maintenance?
Broken links and outdated content
Fast loading speed and responsive design
High user engagement and frequent updates
Secure payment gateways and SSL certificates
Which of the following is NOT a common website maintenance problem?
Broken links
Missing images
Fast loading speed
Badly spelled text
What does 'Content updating' mean in the context of website maintenance?
How to keep content up-to-date.
How to change website colors.
How to increase website speed.
How to add new users to the website.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why content is important for a website?
It attracts search engines
It increases website value
It generates links
It decreases website credibility
List two activities involved in Web Quality Assurance as described in the passage.
Data collection and data analysis.
Designing web graphics and animations.
Writing promotional content and advertisements.
Managing social media accounts and followers.
What is the main goal of Web Quality Assurance in website maintenance?
To spot errors on a site and ensure all functionality and designs meet the necessary standards.
To increase the website's loading speed by upgrading servers.
To create new content for the website regularly.
To improve the website's ranking on search engines.
Which of the following is NOT a method for responding to website feedback?
Forums
Online chat
Television
It is important for a website monitoring team to acknowledge customer feedback because:
It helps improve the website and customer satisfaction.
It increases the website's loading speed.
It guarantees no technical issues will occur.
It allows the team to ignore future feedback.
Fill in the blank: Content spice up the readers' desire to get back on the site and ask for more _______.
contents
comments
feedback
articles
What does Website Performance Monitoring mean?
How to measure activity on a site.
How to design a website layout.
How to create website content.
How to increase website security.
What is the main focus of Website Infrastructure Monitoring?
How to ensure a sound technical footing for a site.
How to design a website layout.
How to write engaging blog posts.
How to increase social media followers.
What does Change Control refer to in website maintenance?
How to manage ongoing technical and other changes in a co-ordinated way.
How to design the website layout.
How to increase website traffic.
How to backup website data.
Who heads the Website Maintenance Team?
A Maintenance Co-ordinator.
A Content Writer.
A Graphic Designer.
A Marketing Manager.
According to the diagram, which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the Website Maintenance Team?
Website Publishing
Quality Assurance
Software Development
Change Control
What are some typical agenda items for a Maintenance Review Meeting?
A report by each team member on activity in their area of responsibility, a discussion of operational issues, and agreement on a plan for forthcoming changes.
Only a review of financial statements and budget allocations.
Discussion of marketing strategies and customer feedback.
Presentation of new product designs and sales targets.
1. The Web server responds to the client request by:
Processing the request and sending back the appropriate response
Ignoring the request
Forwarding the request to another client
Shutting down after receiving the request
The purpose of a proxy server is:
To act as an intermediary between a user and the internet
To directly connect users to the internet without any filtering
To store user passwords for websites
To increase the speed of the user's computer
3. Cache is important because:
it speeds up data access by storing frequently used information
it increases the size of the main memory
it slows down the processing speed
it is used only for graphics processing
4. Explain how cache works.
Cache stores frequently accessed data for quick retrieval.
Cache deletes all unused data automatically.
Cache increases the size of the main memory.
Cache is used only for graphics processing.
Which of the following is an activity involved in website maintenance?
Updating content regularly
Ignoring security updates
Leaving broken links unattended
Never backing up data
What is the name of the tool used to create a MySQL database in XAMPP?
phpMyAdmin
MySQL Workbench
HeidiSQL
Navicat
Which software package is used to connect PHP to MySQL in this lesson?
XAMPP
WAMP
LAMP
MAMP
What scripting language is used to create a web-based WebKoto in this lesson?
PHP
Python
JavaScript
Ruby
