Around 10,000 BC the neolithic age began as a result of an important social and economic revolution, a revolution that would witness the emergence of village life. that social and economic revolution was ______ and _____

(a)  

A civilization is a society where there is some degree of political organization, occupational specialization, and a set of beliefs and values that are shared by most members in the society. The earliest examples of civilized societies found in the Nile river valley of Egypt and the Tigris-Euphrates river valley of _________ _______.

(a)  

Around 1000 BC (a)   simplified their writings by creating a phonic alphabet with 22 symbols. These 22 symbols represented the sound of their speech.

In Ancient Greece their typical political unit was the city - state. _____, located on the Peloponnesian Peninsula, and ______ located in a region of Greece known as Attica.

(a)  

Though Herodotus is considered to be the “Father of History,” the most gifted of the ancient Greek historians is (a)   , largely because of his great work on the Peloponnesian War.

Three of the greatest societies to emerge in the ancient Near East were the _______, the ______, and the ________.

(a)  

The belief in monotheism emphatically distinguished the (a)   from every other ancient people. The major components of the Hebrew religion included: the belief in an all-powerful, all-knowing God-Yahweh, a strict moral code which centered around the Ten Commandments, and the idea that a covenant existed between the Hebrew people and their God, Yahweh.

By 27 BC, Octavian Caesar was in control of the Roman world. The Roman Senate responded by giving him the title (a)   , which means “the revered one.”

Throughout the third century BC, _____ and _____ were locked in two bitter struggles, which are known as the Punic Wars. They ended in 202 BC with a Roman victory. Punic is the Latin word for Phoenician.

(a)  

10. After seizing a vision and winning the Battle of Milvian Bridge in 312 AD, the Emperor (a)   came to embrace Christianity. The next year, by the Edict of Milan of 313 AD, he made Christianity a tolerated religion within the empire.

The (a)   Ages is a period in the history of Western Civilization which basically began with the collapse of the Roman Empire in the West in 476 AD and ended with the Renaissance of the 15th century.

12. The first of the Holy Roman Emperors was the Emperor (a)   , who was crowned by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day, 800 AD. Under his leadership, many people living north of the Alps had their first opportunity to practice Christianity.

13. During the Early Middle Ages, one of the world’s great religions was established. In the year 570, the Prophet (a)   was born in the city of Mecca. Indeed, he is credited with the establishment of Islam.

At the onset of the 10th century, around the year 900, a new form of political organization began to evolve in Europe known as (a)   . It was a political system by which the weak sought protection and sustenance from powerful local lords and nobles.

A chief characteristic of the feudal economy was _____ or the _____ System. This system was an economic system based on landed estates.

(a)  

The first (a)   was called by Pope Urban II in 1096. They were a series of Holy Wars that lasted throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. The major purpose of the them was to return control of the Holy Land to Christians.

Modern critical scholarship had its origins during the Renaissance. Known for his classical writings on political behavior, (a)   maintained that the prince must combine ruthlessness and intelligence for the good of the state.

19. From 1454 until 1485, the War of the Roses raged in England. It was basically a thirty-year civil war. ____ ____, a Lancastrian general, would come to the throne of England in 1485 largely because he won the War of the Roses.

(a)  

From 1508–1512, (a)   painted the Sistine Chapel in Rome, a 10,000 sq. foot mural depicting biblical scenes from creation to the flood. Quite possibly, the farthest that a human has ever taken art.

In the History of the Church, the period from 1447 until 1527 is often referred to as the _________ papacy. (same word) __________ popes were concerned largely with non-religious matters. They tried to substitute splendor for reform.


(a)  

In 1517, a major event began in Europe known as the Protestant Reformation. Though the English theologian John Wycliffe has often been called the “morning star of the Reformation,” the Reformation actually began when a German priest, _____ ______, posted his 95 Theses to the walls of the church door in Wittenberg, Germany, in 1517.

(a)  

In 1588, King Philip II of Spain assembled a vast armada of ships to invade and conquer England. The episode involving the Spanish (a)   ended a Spanish effort to invade England. It also marked the beginning of Spain’s decline as a great naval power as well as England’s emergence as a great naval power.

From 1519 to 1522, the Spanish sailor Ferdinand (a)   was the first person to sail around the world, proving once and for all that the world is a globe.

The English Civil War started in 1642 and ended with the execution of Charles I (beheaded) in 1649. The principal contest in the English Civil War was between the forces of the King (Cavaliers) and the forces of Parliament (Roundheads).

(a)  

(a)   was the dominant economic theory of the 17th century. At the core of mercantilism was the notion that nations must strive to create a favorable balance of trade, meaning that exports must always exceed imports.

The War of the Three Henries involved Henry III, Henry of Navarre, and Henry, Duke of (a)   .

The large rise in witch trials during the 16th and 17th centuries was mostly caused by increased fears of (a)   and growing religious tensions.

_____ ___ ______ is a list of books the catholics were forbidden to read.

(a)  

The English king who broke with the Catholic Church, created the Church of England through the Act of Supremacy, and became famous for having six wives was (a)   .

Charles V was the ______ ______ ______ and enemy of Francis I

(a)  

(a)   Pizarro overthrew the Incan empire

(a)   believes that government should be elected by people ; Florence adopted

______ the ______ was grandson of cosmo, actively intervened in state affairs

(a)  

Fransisco Petrarch was one of the first humanist scholars who was responsible for the recovery of numerous works of classical latin roman writers this was known as (a)  

______ of _______, along with her husband Ferdinand, completed the Reconquista and sponsored Christopher Columbus?