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WorksheetsChpt 7 & 9 TEST
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 45mins
Which type of joints are the suture joints in the skull?
Cartilaginous joints
Fibrous joints
Diarthroses
Synovial Joints
Which are the least mobile of all synovial joints?
Pivot joints
Saddle joints
Condyloid joints
Gliding joints
Which type of synovial joint offers the widest range of movement?
Pivot joints
Hinge joints
Ball-and-socket joints
Condyloid joints
Which joint allows flexion and extension as well as side-to-side movement?
Hinge joint
Condyloid joint
Pivot joint
Gliding joint
Osteoarthritis occurs when
synovial membranes degenerate with age.
an inflammatory process destroys synovial fluid.
the body’s antibodies attack the synovial membrane.
articular cartilage softens and degenerates.
Match the following joints
A
Ball and Socket
B
Condyloid
D
Hinge
E
Pivot
F
Saddle
Match the following:
Synarthrosis Joint
Immovable
Amphiarthrosis Joint
Slightly moveable
Diarthrosis Joint
Freely moveable
Match the following synovial joint movements
Abduction
movement of body part away from midline
Adduction
movement of body part toward the midline
Medial Rotation
bone spins towards the body's midline
Lateral Rotation
bone spins away from body's midline
Match the following term to its definition:
Flexion
bending a joint to decrease the angle
Extension
straightening a joint to increase angle
Supination
mvmt that turns palm upward
Pronation
mvmt that turns palm downward
Circumduction
distal end of limb, moves in a circle
Match the following synovial joint movements:
Plantar Flexion
moving toes/foot downward
Dorsiflexion
moving toes/foot upward
Inversion
foot mvmt that turns sole medially
Eversion
foot mvmt that turns sole laterally
The central, shaftlike portion of a long bone is called the
epiphysis.
diaphysis.
endosteum.
periosteum.
Which substance covers the surface of the epiphysis of a long bone?
Red bone marrow
Trabeculae
Fibrocartilage
Articular cartilage
Which type of bone cell helps form bone, specifically the bone’s matrix?
Osteoclasts
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Fibroblasts
The medullary cavity in most adults is filled with
red bone marrow.
yellow bone marrow.
spongy bone.
the endosteum.
Which type of cell assists with the regulation of blood levels of calcium and phosphate?
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Fibroblasts
The basic structural unit of compact bone is
a lacunae.
an osteon.
a canaliculi.
a lamellae.
In a developing fetus, the bones of the skull and face begin as
fibrous connective tissue.
cartilage.
bone.
elastic connective tissue.
In a developing fetus, most bones begin as
fibrous connective tissue.
cartilage.
bone.
elastic connective tissue.
Which statement about red bone marrow is true?
It fills nearly all of a child's bones.
It produces white blood cells needed for growth.
It fills the medullary cavities of the femurs and humerus in adults.
It has the potential to change into yellow marrow.
The process of endochondral ossification begins in
the skull.
long bones.
short bones.
the pelvis.
Which statement about the epiphyseal plate is correct?
It appears when bone growth stops.
It consists of a layer of hyaline cartilage and is the site of bone lengthening.
It consists of a layer of spongy bone and is the site of bone widening.
It appears after a fracture and is a form of scar tissue.
Bone lengthening stops when
all of the cartilage of the epiphyseal plate calcifies.
the primary ossification centers cease to function.
chondrocytes are no longer produced in the epiphyseal plate.
osteoblasts are no longer produced in the epiphyseal plate.
How does physical exercise affect bone?
It stimulates the activity of osteoclasts and therefore accelerates bone resorption.
It causes bone density to increase because bone adapts to withstand physical stress.
It accelerates the release of calcium into the blood, which boosts serum calcium levels.
It has no effect on bone.
Which type of fracture is most likely to occur in a car accident?
Pathologic fracture
Greenstick fracture
Spiral fracture
Comminuted fracture
Which of the following fractures is most likely to occur in young children and why?
Children are more likely to have compound fractures because the tissue surrounding the bones is less dense than the tissue in adults.
Children are more likely to have greenstick fractures because their bones contain more collagen than adult bones.
Children are more likely to have comminuted fractures because rapid growth during childhood makes bones brittle.
Children are more likely to have spiral fractures because the matrix is uneven.
Uncomplicated fractures heal in
4 to 6 weeks.
8 to 12 weeks.
12 to 14 weeks.
6 months.
The epiphysis of a long bone is made of __________ bone.
spongy
compact
cortical
dense
The diaphysis of a long bone is made of __________ bone.
compact
spongy
cancellous
trabecular
Bone is also called __________ tissue.
osseous
epiphyseal
epithelial
compact
The process of destroying old bone is called __________________.
Ossification
Reproduction
Osteoporosis
Resorption
The process that repairs minor traumas in bone and contributes to homeostasis by releasing calcium into the blood is called __________________.
Calcification
Ossification
Bone remodeling
Bone resorption
connects a bone with a bone
muscle
Match the following joints to their location on the body.
Hinge
Knee
Ball-and-socket
Shoulder and hip
Pivot
Radius at elbow
Saddle
Thumb
Gliding
Wrist bones
An example of a Saddle joint is in the
Knee
Hip
Thumb
Vertebral column
Match the Latin Medical Term with its meaning
Chondro
Cartilage
Arthro
Joint
Osteo
Bone
Cyte
Cell
Which of the following joints is immovable?
Lower jaw and upper jaw
Upper jaw and skull
Knee and hip joint
Wrist and pivotal joint
Spongy bone is found mostly in which part of a long bone?
Match the following
Maintain healthy bone by responding to stimuli
Osteocytes
Build or construct new bone by calcifying it
Osteoblasts
Critical in bone regeneration or remodeling, absorb bone tissue where it is not needed
Osteoclasts
Label the adult long bone!
epiphyseal line
medullary cavity
proximal epiphysis
articular cartilage
distal epiphysis
spongy bone
compact bone
yellow bone marrow
endosteum
periosteum
The process of bone formation is called:
Osteoporosis
Resorption
Match the Fracture to its meaning
Spiral
A fracture that twists around the bone
Pathologic
A fracture due to an underlying disease
Greenstick
A partial fracture where the bone bends
Comminuted
A fracture that breaks into multiple pieces
Compound
A fracture where the bone pierces the skin
IDENTIFY EACH OF THE FOLLOWING FRACTURES:
GREENSTICK
COMMINUTED
TRANSVERSE
SPIRAL
COMPOUND
List the Steps of Bone Repair in order.
Hematoma Formation
Soft Callus Formation
Hard Callus Formation
Bone Remodeling
Match the images of bones to their bone shape.
short bones
long bones
flat bones
irregular bones
Sesamoid bone
What is the primary characteristic of osteoporosis?
Infection of the bone tissue.
Overproduction of bone tissue.
Decreased bone density and strength.
Softening of the bone due to Vitamin D deficiency/
A patient with osteomalacia is MOST likely to have:
Multiple tumors
Bowed Legs
Abnormally high levels of calcium in blood
Rapid bone formation
What causes osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)?
Mutations in collagen-producing genes.
Osteosarcoma is a type of:
Bone infection
Bone-softening vitamin deficiency
Bone cancer
Genetic collagen disorder
Rickets primarily affects which population?
Which cells decrease in activity with age, contributing to weaker bones?
As joints age, synovial fluid production typically:
increases significantly
decreases, causing friction
turns into cartilage
Which lifestyle factor helps slow bone loss with aging?
Low-protein consumption
Which component gives bones their hardness and ability to resist compression?
Adipose tissue
Mineral Salts
Which component gives bone flexibility and prevents it from being too brittle?
What occurs when a Soft Callus forms during bone repair?
What is the medical term name for a joint replacement?
Arthritis
What happens to our tendons and ligaments as we age?
Tendons and ligaments grow thicker and longer as we age.
Match the Movement to its Definition
Elevation
To raise up
Depression
To lower
Protraction
To stick out
Retraction
To pull back in
