WorksheetsPretest PA Blok 3.3 Reproductive system
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 15mins
A 23-year-old woman undergoes pelvic ultrasound, which reveals a 1.8 cm thin-walled cyst containing clear fluid. The cyst wall shows a smooth glistening membrane and preserved granulosa cells. No solid components are identified. Which type of ovarian lesion is most consistent with these findings?
Serous cystadenoma
Follicular cyst
Partial hydatidiform mole
Mature teratoma
Endometrioma
A 19-year-old woman presents with irregular menses, acne, and hirsutism. Ultrasound shows enlarged ovaries with multiple small cystic follicles beneath a thickened cortex. Which mechanism best explains her increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia?
Elevated progesterone levels
Increased estrone due to peripheral aromatization
Excess FSH leading to gland proliferation
Androgen deficiency in ovarian stroma
Thickened cortex inhibiting ovulation
A 28-year-old woman presents with acute pelvic pain. Imaging shows a cyst containing areas of old hemorrhage and yellow tissue at the periphery. Which characteristic feature supports a diagnosis of luteal cyst?
Scalloped villi
Luteinized granulosa cells lining the cyst
Complex glandular crowding
Thick fibrous stroma with vessels
Hydropic chorionic villi
A 32-year-old woman with severe dysmenorrhea is diagnosed with endometriosis. Lesions are found along the pelvic peritoneum. Which theory best explains typical pelvic distribution of lesions?
Coelomic metaplasia
Retrograde menstruation
Benign metastasis via lymphatics
Stem cell differentiation from bone marrow
Hematogenous spread
A pathologist reviews a biopsy from an ovarian cyst containing thick brown fluid. Microscopy reveals hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Which additional finding is required for definitive diagnosis?
Trophoblastic proliferation
Endometrial glands and stroma
Luteinized theca cells
Back-to-back glands
Hydropic villi
A 29-year-old woman presents with dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain. Laparoscopy reveals multiple blue-brown nodules on the uterosacral ligament. Which associated clinical condition is most likely?
Increased risk of granulosa cell tumor
Infertility
Vaginal prolapse
Ureteral stricture
Preeclampsia
A 40-year-old woman has a uniformly enlarged uterus with thickened myometrium. Histology shows endometrial glands located 3 mm below the endometrial–myometrial junction. Which mechanism best explains this finding?
Transformation of myometrial cells into endometrial tissue
Invagination of basalis endometrium into myometrium
Metastatic spread via lymphatics
Failure of ovulation
Increased progesterone exposure
Which symptom most strongly suggests adenomyosis?
Cyclic mastalgia
Intermenstrual spotting
Severe dysmenorrhea and menometrorrhagia
Galactorrhea
Early pregnancy loss
A 55-year-old woman on tamoxifen develops abnormal uterine bleeding. Ultrasound reveals a pedunculated mass projecting into the uterine cavity. Which feature supports its neoplastic stromal origin?
Aromatase overexpression
Thick-walled blood vessels within a fibrous stroma
Luteinization of theca cells
Hydropic villi
Trophoblast invasion
Which complication may arise from an endometrial polyp?
High risk of choriocarcinoma
Infertility
Severe virilization
Rapid hemodynamic collapse
Ovarian torsion
A 48-year-old obese woman presents with abnormal uterine bleeding. Biopsy shows increased gland-to-stroma ratio and cystically dilated glands. Which risk factor most directly contributes to her condition?
Elevated progesterone
PTEN overexpression
Unopposed estrogen
Chronic endometritis
High-protein diet
A biopsy shows crowded, back-to-back glands with cytologic atypia and loss of polarity. What is the most important clinical implication?
The lesion is benign and requires no treatment
High likelihood of concurrent carcinoma
Immediate chemotherapy is required
Risk of ovarian torsion
Condition will resolve spontaneously
A woman's evacuated uterine contents show diffuse hydropic villi with circumferential trophoblastic proliferation and no fetal tissue. Which karyotype is most consistent with this diagnosis?
69,XXY
46,XY of biparental origin
46,XX from duplication of paternal genome
45,X
47,XXX
A biopsy reveals a mixture of normal and hydropic villi, focal trophoblastic hyperplasia, and the presence of fetal parts. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Complete mole
Partial mole
Invasive mole
Choriocarcinoma
Normal gestation
A patient treated for complete mole continues to have elevated hCG levels and persistent uterine enlargement. Curettage shows trophoblastic proliferation invading the myometrium. Which statement is correct?
It rarely responds to chemotherapy
It represents metastatic disease to distant organs
Hydropic villi may embolize but do not metastasize
It always requires hysterectomy
Fetal tissue is typically present
