WorksheetsSinus and Nasal bones
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 33mins
There are 5 pairs of sinuses.
True
False
Which structure must be in profile on a true lateral sinus?
sella turcica
optic chiasm
mastoid process
ethmoid air cells
Which of the following is true regarding the lateral projection of the nasal bones?
1 only
2 only
3 only
1 and 2
1, 2, and 3
In the Caldwell (PA axial) projection, the petrous ridges should lie:
In the lower third of the orbits.
In the upper third of the orbits.
At the level of the supraorbital margin.
Completely below the orbits.
In the lateral sinus projection, which structure must be superimposed to confirm no rotation?
A) Orbital roofs
B) Petrous ridges
C) Ethmoidal sinuses
D) Frontal sinuses
All of these projections will demonstrate the ethmoidal sinuses, except
PA Axial (Caldwell)
Parietoacanthial (Waters)
Lateral
AP Axial (Towne)
Sinuses plays a part in how our voices resonate.
True
False
True or False: The acanthion corresponds anatomically to the nasal spine.
True
False
The acanthion corresponds anatomically to the: ________
nasal spine
zygomatic arch
mastoid process
mental protuberance
For a lateral projection of the paranasal sinuses, the central ray is directed ________
1 inch posterior to the outer canthus
at the nasion
to the glabella
2 inches above the EAM
Which sinus is most likely to be completely absent in some individuals?
Sphenoid sinus
Frontal sinus
When using the angled grid technique for the PA axial (Caldwell method) projection of the sinuses, the vertical grid device must be angled ____ degrees.
15
10
20
30
In an SMV projection, what confirms that the IOML is properly positioned parallel to the IR?
Petrous ridges overlapping the maxillary sinuses
Mandibular condyles anterior to the petrous pyramids
What is the radiographic appearance if the neck is extended too little for the Waters method of the sinuses?
Petrosae are projected over the inferior portions of the maxillary sinuses
Maxillary sinuses appear elongated and distorted
Frontal sinuses are completely obscured
Orbits are projected above the maxillary sinuses
Which projection will best demonstrate the frontal and anterior ethmoidal sinuses?
PA Axial (Caldwell)
Waters (Parietoacanthial)
Lateral
Submentovertex (SMV)
Which projection best demonstrates the maxillary sinuses?
Waters
Caldwell
Towne
Lateral
Which sinus is projected through the mouth on the open-mouth modification of the Waters method?
Sphenoid sinus
Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Which of the following must be projected below the maxillary sinuses for the parietoacanthial projection (Waters method) of the sinuses?
petrous ridges
nasal septum
zygomatic arches
orbital roofs
Which line must be horizontal in a true lateral sinus projection?
IOML
OML
AML
MML
The parietoacanthial projection (Waters method) of the sinuses requires the orbitomeatal line to be placed how many degrees from the plane of the image receptor?
37 degrees
45 degrees
20 degrees
10 degrees
Which sinus group is most posterior?
Sphenoid
Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Insufficient neck extension on an SMV causes:
mandible superimposed over ethmoid sinuses
ethmoid sinuses superimposed over sphenoid sinuses
mandible projected below the occipital bone
maxillary sinuses obscured by the zygomatic arch
The OML and CR maintain a 15-degree relationship in which projection?
Caldwell
Waters
Towne
Lateral
What is the primary projection used to evaluate airfluid levels in the maxillary sinuses?
Waters method
Caldwell method
Towne method
Lateral projection
A technologist notices airfluid levels in multiple sinuses on a patient's radiograph. What condition is most likely responsible?
Sinusitis
Asthma
Pneumothorax
Bronchitis
Where is the CR directed on a lateral nasal bones?
1 inch distal to the nasion
At the glabella
2 cm above the nasion
Midway between the orbits
What positioning error causes the petrous ridges to appear within the maxillary sinuses on a Waters projection?
insufficient neck extension
excessive neck extension
incorrect central ray angulation
patient rotation
All of the following should be clearly demonstrated on a lateral projection of paranasal sinus, except _______.
petrous ridge in the lower third of the orbits
sphenoidal sinus
frontal sinus
maxillary sinus
When the maxillary sinuses are foreshortened, and anthral floors are not shown, it means _______.
There is over extension of the neck
The patient is biting too hard
The X-ray exposure is too short
The film is placed upside down
A patient presents with head trauma involving the nasal septum. Which component of the ethmoid bone should the technologist evaluate for potential fractures or a deviated septum?
Vertical plate
Crista galli
Orbital plate
Perpendicular plate
Which of the following reference lines is placed perpendicular to the image receptor for a parietoacanthial (Waters method) projection?
Orbitomeatal line (OML)
Acanthiomeatal line (AML)
Mentomeatal line (MML)
Infraorbitomeatal line (IOML)
The nasal bone is one thin bone
True
False
Which sinus is located immediately below the sella turcia?
sphenoidal
frontal
maxillary
ethmoidal
Which sinuses are located within the lateral masses of the ethmoid bone?
Ethmoid sinuses
Maxillary sinuses
Frontal sinuses
Sphenoid sinuses
For the open-mouth modification of the Waters method, the central ray should exit the:
nasion
glabella
acanthion
mental point
Which sinus group is best visualized on the open-mouth Waters projection?
sphenoid
maxillary
ethmoid
frontal
Insufficient neck extension on the standard Waters will cause the petrous ridges to:
appear above the frontal sinus
superimpose the inferior maxillary sinuses
project into the ethmoid sinus
not be visible at all
In the Caldwell (PA axial) projection, the petrous ridges should lie:
In the upper third of the orbits
In the lower thirds of the orbits
immediately inferior to the maxillary floors
completely below the maxillary sinuses
Which landmark forms a line from the acanthion to the EAM?
GML
OML
AML
OML
The SMV projection primarily demonstrates which structures?
maxillary and sphenoid sinuses
frontal and ethmoid sinuses
frontal and maxillary sinuses
sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses
In the lateral sinus projection, which structure must be superimposed to confirm no rotation?
Orbital roofs
petrous pyramids
Occlusal plane
Hard palate of the mouth
Which projection best demonstrates all four sinus groups?
lateral
waters
SMV
Caldwell
The OML and CR maintain a 15-degree relationship in which projection?
Lateral
SMV
Waters
PA
Which sinus group is most posterior?
Maxillary
Sphenoid
Frontal
Ethmoid
The acanthion corresponds anatomically to the:
Inferior orbital rim
Superior orbital rim
Nasal spine
Glabella
Overextension during a Waters projection results in:
Maxillary sinuses foreshortened
Sphenoid sinuses overpenetrated
Ethmoid sinuses superimposed
Petrous pyramid in mid-orbits
Which line must be horizontal in a true lateral sinus projection?
OML
IOML
AML
MML
Which sinuses lie above the frontonasal suture on a proper Caldwell?
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
All sinuses
Insufficient neck extension on an SMV causes:
Sphenoid sinus distortion
Petrous pyramids in orbits
Maxillary sinuses elongated
Mandible superimposed over ethmoid sinuses
Which line must be parallel to the IR in an SMV?
IOML
AML
OML
GML
Which sinus is best demonstrated on the standard Waters projection?
Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Which projection uses a 3×3-inch collimated field?
SMV
Open Mouth Waters
Lateral Nasal Bones
Caldwell
Which structure must be in profile on a true lateral sinus?
Crista Galli
Sella Turcica
Foramen Magnum
Petrous Ridge
The anterior ethmoid air cells are best demonstrated on which projection?
Caldwell
Waters
Lateral
SMV
What positioning error causes the petrous ridges to appear within the maxillary sinuses on a Waters projection?
Insufficient neck extension
Excessive neck flexion
CR angled 15 degrees caudad
Patient rotated toward the IR
What is A?
Frontal
maxillary
ethmoid
sphenoid
What is B?
Frontal
maxillary
Ethmoid
sphenoid
What is C?
Frontal
ethmoid
spehnoid
maxillary
What is D?
Frontal
maxillary
ethmoid
sphenoid
Which drawing in the figure below demonstrates the correct head position for the Waters method?
A
B
C
D
What is the pathology?
Right frontal osteoma
left antrum fracture
Left frontal sinus osteoma
left maxillary sinusitis
What is the pathology?
Right frontal osteoma
left antrum fracture
Left frontal sinus osteoma
left maxillary sinusitis
What is the pathology?
Right frontal osteoma
left antrum fracture
bi-lateral frontal and maxillary sinusitis
left maxillary sinusitis
What is the pathology?
Right frontal osteoma
Bi-lateral maxillary sinusitis seen on an open mouth waters projection
bi-lateral frontal and maxillary sinusitis
left maxillary sinusitis
What is the pathology?
Right frontal osteoma
Nasal bone fracture
right maxillary sinusitis
left maxillary sinusitis
