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WorksheetsExcretory System
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 12mins
What is the 'functional unit' of the kidney called?
Alveoli
Neuron
Nephron
Villi
Which blood vessel delivers unfiltered blood to the nephron?
Renal vein
Renal artery
Inferior vena cava
Urethra
What is the 'tight ball of capillaries' where filtration begins?
Loop of Henle
Glomerulus
Collecting duct
Ureter
The cup-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus is called:
Renal pelvis
Bowman's capsule
Calyx
Cortex
Urine is primarily made of water and which waste product?
Glucose
Urea
Protein
Red blood cells
Which tube carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
Urethra
Ureter
Vena cava
Nephron
Which tube drains urine from the bladder out of the body?
Urethra
Ureter
Renal vein
Collecting duct
The renal vein carries what kind of blood?
Unfiltered blood
Filtered blood only
Oxygen-poor blood
Urine-filled blood
What is the term for removing metabolic wastes created by cells?
Digestion
Circulation
Excretion
Respiration
Place the flow of urine in the correct order after it leaves the kidney:
Bladder -> Urethra -> Ureter
Urethra -> Bladder -> Ureter
Ureter -> Urethra -> Bladder
Ureter -> Bladder -> Urethra
During secretion, waste moves from the blood into the:
Liver
Filtrate/Urine
Heart
Renal artery
How does the liver contribute to the excretory system?
It filters the blood physically.
It stores urine.
It converts toxic ammonia into urea to help the kidneys.
If a person is severely dehydrated, how will the nephron respond in the Distal Convoluted Tubule?
It will stop filtration completely.
It will reabsorb more water back into the blood.
It will secrete more water into the urine.
It will shrink the Loop of Henle.
Imagine a blockage in the ureters. What would be the immediate consequence?
Urine could not leave the bladder.
Urine could not travel from kidney to bladder.
Blood could not reach the kidney.
The urethra would swell.
If the 'Reabsorption' step failed completely, what would likely happen to the body?
The body would lose water and nutrients causing rapid dehydration.
The kidneys would stop producing filtrate.
The liver would shut down.
Blood could not reach the kidney.
Why is ammonia converted to urea before being excreted by the kidneys?
A) Ammonia is too large to filter.
B) Ammonia is extremely toxic, while urea is less harmful.
C) Urea is useful for the body to keep.
D) Ammonia cannot travel in blood.
Which statement best compares the Renal Artery and Renal Vein?
The artery carries cleaner blood than the vein.
The artery carries unfiltered blood, the vein carries filtered blood.
Both carry urine.
The vein brings blood to the kidney; the artery takes it away.
If blood pressure in the glomerulus dropped significantly, how would this affect filtration?
Filtration would increase or stop because pressure drives the process.
Reabsorption would happen in the glomerulus instead.
Urine would become red.
Urine would not be filtered.
A patient has liver failure. Even though their kidneys are working perfectly, they have high levels of toxins in their blood. Based on the relationship between the liver and kidneys, what is the most likely cause?
The kidneys are not filtering water.
The liver is not converting toxic ammonia into less toxic urea for the kidneys to handle.
The bladder is absorbing the toxins back into the blood.
The ureters are blocked.
Scenario: You drink 3 liters of water in one hour. How does the urinary system maintain homeostasis in this situation?
The kidneys will reabsorb more water, creating dark urine.
The kidneys will excrete more water, creating dilute (pale) urine.
The kidneys will stop filtering blood to save energy.
The bladder will shrink.
Comparative Anatomy: Why might men be less prone to urinary tract infections (bacteria entering from outside) than women?
Men have two bladders.
The male urethra is longer, making it a harder journey for bacteria to reach the bladder.
The male kidney filters bacteria better.
Men do not produce urea.
Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between the Circulatory System and the Urinary System?
The urinary system creates blood for the circulatory system.
The circulatory system delivers blood to be filtered; the urinary system cleans it and returns it.
The male kidney filters bacteria better.
The urinary system pumps blood for the circulatory system.
They do not interact.
A patient's urine test shows high levels of 'filtrate' materials (water, nutrients) that should have been kept by the body. Which process is likely malfunctioning?
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
Ingestion
