WorksheetsAquatic Fall Sem Exam Review
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 28mins
Is it possible to make new water, or is the water currently on Earth the same water that has always been here?
It is possible to make new water naturally on Earth.
The water currently on Earth is the same water that has always been here.
New water is constantly being created from other elements.
Water is only found in outer space and brought to Earth.
What properties make water the "universal solvent"?
Water can dissolve only gases.
Water can dissolve a wide variety of substances due to its polarity.
Water cannot dissolve any solids.
Water is non-polar and does not interact with other molecules.
What percentage of the Earth's water is...
Fresh
3%
Salt
97%
Drinkable
<1%
Covering the surface
70+%
Why is it important to aquatic organisms in cold environments that ice floats when frozen solid?
It allows aquatic organisms to breathe underwater.
Floating ice insulates the water below, protecting aquatic life from freezing.
It makes the water warmer for all organisms.
It increases the amount of sunlight reaching the bottom of lakes.
What powers the hydrologic (water) cycle?
Wind energy
Solar energy (the Sun)
Earth's gravity
Ocean currents
What is the difference between producers and consumers? Between predator and prey?
Producers
Make their own food
Consumers
Eat other organisms
Predators
Catch & eat other animals
Prey
Captured & eaten
How are consumers identified on a food chain, web, or pyramid?
By their color
By their position as organisms that eat other organisms
By their ability to produce food
By their size
Match the labels with the levels
Match the energy transferred to the levels
What are decomposers and why are they important to ecosystems?
Decomposers are organisms that create energy from sunlight and are not important to ecosystems.
Decomposers are organisms that break down dead material, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Decomposers are animals that eat only plants.
Decomposers are organisms that produce oxygen for the ecosystem.
How much energy is typically transferred to the next trophic level in an ecosystem, and what happens to the remaining percentage?
10% is transferred; the rest is lost as heat or used for metabolic processes
50% is transferred; the rest is stored in the organism
25% is transferred; the rest is used for reproduction
100% is transferred; nothing is lost
Which of the following best describes mutualism?
Both organisms benefit from the relationship
One organism benefits, the other is harmed
One organism benefits, the other is unaffected
Both organisms are harmed
What is the main difference between commensalism and parasitism?
In commensalism, one benefits and the other is unaffected; in parasitism, one benefits and the other is harmed
In commensalism, both benefit; in parasitism, both are harmed
In commensalism, both are harmed; in parasitism, both benefit
In commensalism, one is harmed; in parasitism, one is unaffected
Why is the proper functioning of the carbon cycle important for ecosystems, and what can happen if it becomes imbalanced?
It maintains atmospheric balance; imbalance can lead to climate change
It provides energy for plants; imbalance can cause droughts
It supports animal migration; imbalance can cause extinction
It increases soil fertility; imbalance can cause floods
What is a possible consequence if the nitrogen cycle is disrupted in an ecosystem?
Increased plant/algae growth due to excess of available nitrogen
Increased oxygen levels in water
Enhanced photosynthesis in animals
Decreased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Generally, do human activities tend to help or harm ecosystems? Give one example of each.
Harm; pollution. Help; conservation efforts
Help; deforestation. Harm; recycling
Harm; planting trees. Help; overfishing
Help; habitat destruction. Harm; clean energy use
What happens during biomagnification, and which heavy metal is most commonly associated with this process in aquatic environments?
Toxins increase in concentration up the food chain; mercury is most associated
Nutrients decrease in concentration; lead is most associated
Oxygen increases in concentration; copper is most associated
Water decreases in concentration; zinc is most associated
Why is controlling invasive species considered difficult?
Because they reproduce slowly and are easy to detect
Because they often adapt quickly and lack natural predators
Because they only survive in one specific environment
Because they are always beneficial to ecosystems
Are successful invasive species typically generalists or specialists, and why?
Specialists, because they thrive in specific conditions
Generalists, because they can survive in a variety of environments
Specialists, because they outcompete native species in one niche
Generalists, because they require very specific resources
What is erosion, and what are its effects on the environment?
Erosion is the movement of water, and it increases biodiversity
Erosion is the wearing away of earth materials, and it can degrade habitats
Erosion is the growth of plants, and it improves soil quality
Erosion is the accumulation of sediments, and it creates new landforms
Define watershed.
A watershed is a region where only salt water is found
A watershed is an area of land that drains into a particular body of water
A watershed is a type of aquatic life zone
A watershed is a process of erosion
What happens when a lake experiences "turnover"?
The lake dries up completely
The water layers mix, redistributing nutrients and oxygen
The lake freezes solid
The lake becomes saltier
When a river meets an ocean, where will the salt water and fresh water be located, considering salt water is more dense than fresh water?
Salt water will be on top, fresh water on the bottom
Fresh water will be on top, salt water on the bottom
Both will mix evenly throughout
Salt water will be at the river's source, fresh water at the ocean's edge
Which of the following best describes the properties and components of aquatic life zones?
Aquatic life zones are only found in oceans and have no diversity
Aquatic life zones include freshwater and marine environments with various organisms and physical conditions
Aquatic life zones are areas with only plant life
Aquatic life zones are regions with no interaction between organisms
What happens to the amount of pressure per square inch (PSI) as you go deeper in the ocean?
It decreases
It stays the same
It increases
It fluctuates randomly
Describe how La Nina/El Nino activity can affect hurricane formation.
They have no effect on hurricane formation
They can influence the frequency and intensity of hurricanes
They only affect tornadoes, not hurricanes
They cause hurricanes to form only in the Pacific Ocean
Know the difference between positive & negative feedback loops in aquatic ecosystems.
Positive feedback loops decrease changes, negative feedback loops increase changes
Positive feedback loops amplify changes, negative feedback loops stabilize changes
Both feedback loops have the same effect
Feedback loops only occur in terrestrial ecosystems
What are crustaceans?
A type of plant found in aquatic environments
Aquatic animals with a hard exoskeleton, such as crabs and lobsters
Mammals that live in the ocean
Birds that feed on fish
List some examples of crustaceans.
Crabs, lobsters, shrimp
Frogs, turtles, snakes
Salmon, tuna, trout
Jellyfish, octopus, squid
How can you tell a male from a female crayfish?
By the color of their shell
By the size of their claws
By the presence or absence of swimmerets on the underside
By the number of legs they have
Define “macroinvertebrate”.
A small vertebrate animal
An invertebrate that is visible without a microscope
A microorganism found in water
A plant that lives in aquatic environments
What are the two groups of macroinvertebrates? Why are they useful to scientists?
Aquatic and terrestrial; they help scientists study plant growth
Vertebrate and invertebrate; they help scientists study animal behavior
Tolerant and sensitive; they help scientists assess water quality
Carnivorous and herbivorous; they help scientists study food chains
What are mollusks?
Mollusks are a group of invertebrate animals with soft bodies, often protected by a hard shell.
Mollusks are a type of plant found in aquatic environments.
Mollusks are mammals that live in the ocean.
Mollusks are birds that migrate seasonally.
List some examples of mollusks.
Snails, clams, and octopuses
Frogs, turtles, and snakes
Sharks, dolphins, and whales
Ants, bees, and butterflies
What makes the shell/pearls in a mollusk?
The mantle tissue of the mollusk
The digestive system of the mollusk
The nervous system of the mollusk
The respiratory system of the mollusk
What are fish?
Fish are aquatic vertebrates that have gills, fins, and typically scales.
Fish are land-dwelling mammals with fur.
Fish are insects that live in water.
Fish are reptiles that lay eggs on land.
Differentiate between anadromous and catadromous.
Anadromous fish migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn, while catadromous fish migrate from freshwater to the sea to spawn.
Anadromous fish live only in freshwater, while catadromous fish live only in saltwater.
Anadromous fish are herbivores, while catadromous fish are carnivores.
Anadromous fish are mammals, while catadromous fish are reptiles.
Many environmental factors can influence animal behavior. What can phase of the moon, temperature variations, and length of daylight influence in fish?
They can influence the migration, feeding, and reproductive behaviors of fish.
They can influence the color of fish scales only.
They can influence the ability of fish to fly.
They can influence the taste of fish meat.
What are the 2 types of fish reproduction?
Egg laying & live bearing
Asexual and binary fission
Budding and fragmentation
Parthenogenesis and cloning
Describe what happens when fish spawn: include why, where they might go
Fish release eggs and sperm, often migrating to specific locations for reproduction
Fish stop eating and hide in rocks to avoid predators
Fish change color and become aggressive towards other fish
Fish swim in circles to attract mates but do not leave their habitat
What are the 3 methods fish use to have their babies? (hint- “viviparous”)
Oviparous, viviparous, ovoviviparous
Metamorphosis, budding, regeneration
Photosynthesis, fermentation, division
Parthenogenesis, cloning, binary fission
You need to be able to analyze data to draw conclusions & communicate conclusions from those sets that you are given!
Analyze data, draw conclusions, and communicate findings
Memorize data without interpretation
Ignore data and make assumptions
Only collect data without analysis
Match the following
Salmon
Anadromous
Eel
Catadromous
Crayfish
Crustacean
Shark
Fish
Clam
Mollusk
Photic
The portion of water that the light can penetrate.
Aphotic
The portion of water that light CANNOT penetrate.
Benthic
Bottom of a body of water.
