WorksheetsHealth Inequity and Social Determinants Quiz
Total questions: 99
Worksheet time: 50mins
Which of the following is considered a socially constructed identity that affects health inequity?
Blood type
Gender
Height
Eye color
What is the most dramatic improvement in life expectancy over the past 150 years attributed to?
Advances in technology
Reductions in infant and child mortality
Increased physical activity
Better nutrition
Which group experiences unique health challenges rooted in colonialism and systemic inequity?
Elderly people
Indigenous peoples (First Nations, Métis, Inuit)
Urban populations
Immigrants from Europe
How does lower socio-economic status (SES) impact health?
Lower SES leads to higher illness rates and earlier death
Lower SES leads to better access to healthcare
Lower SES has no impact on health
Lower SES leads to increased physical fitness
Which of the following is an example of how social determinants differ across identities?
Job insecurity affects males and females equally
Job insecurity affects males vs. females differently
Job insecurity only affects children
Job insecurity does not affect health
Why are terms like "male" and "female" no longer viewed as fixed, purely biological categories in health research?
Because they are now considered social constructs
Because biology has changed
Because they are irrelevant to health
Because everyone identifies the same way
Explain how intersectionality is important in health research regarding identities such as gender, sexuality, race, and age.
It allows researchers to ignore differences between groups
It helps researchers examine how multiple identities interact to affect health outcomes
It focuses only on biological factors
It eliminates the need for social determinants
Describe how systemic inequity and lack of Indigenous control over services contribute to health challenges for Indigenous peoples.
They improve access to healthcare
They have no effect on health outcomes
They create barriers and worsen health disparities
They only affect non-Indigenous populations
Which of the following is NOT a factor linked to high morbidity and mortality in infants and children?
Poverty
Racialization
Access to quality education
Maternal smoking
Indigenous babies are more likely to experience which of the following compared to non-Indigenous babies?
Higher birth weight on average
Lower birth weight on average
Lower infant mortality
Better health outcomes
Low birth weight (less than 2,500g) is a key predictor of which of the following?
Infant death
Improved cognitive function
Lower risk of diabetes
Enhanced school performance
Why are the first three years of life considered important for infants?
Physical growth only
Brain and nervous system development
Language acquisition only
Social skills development only
Explain how structural racism can contribute to higher morbidity and mortality rates among infants and children. Use evidence from the provided material to support your answer.
Structural racism leads to increased access to healthcare for all groups.
Structural racism results in higher disadvantage for racialized groups, such as those with darker skin, which is linked to higher morbidity and mortality.
Structural racism has no impact on health outcomes.
Structural racism only affects adults, not infants or children.
Which of the following best describes intersectionality?
The study of population growth over time
The concept that individuals hold multiple identities simultaneously
The process of aging in a population
The measurement of birth rates in a country
Which of the following is NOT listed as an identity influencing health in the provided material?
Religion
Language
Height
Occupation
According to the material, what is a key determinant that interacts with age to affect health outcomes?
Poverty
Education
Technology
Climate
Which question is considered in the chapter regarding health profiles in Canada?
Why do men live longer than women?
What are the specific health profiles of Indigenous peoples in Canada?
How does technology affect health?
What is the average income in Canada?
What demographic shift is Canada experiencing according to the material?
Increasing birth rates
Declining population
Population aging, often called the "greying of the nation"
Rapid urbanization
What do population pyramids from 1925–2050 show about Canada?
Increasing number of young people
Fewer young people due to declining birth rates
Stable population age distribution
Decreasing life expectancy
Which group makes up a larger share of the oldest age groups in Canada?
Men
Women
Children
Immigrants
What is identified as the most significant driver of population aging in Canada?
Increase in immigration
Decline in birth rate
Improved healthcare
Urbanization
Explain how intersectionality can influence health outcomes for individuals. Use evidence from the provided material to support your answer.
Intersectionality does not influence health outcomes.
Intersectionality means individuals only have one identity, so health outcomes are simple.
Intersectionality means multiple identities (e.g., age, gender, race) interact, and determinants like poverty affect groups differently, such as the elderly versus young people.
Intersectionality only affects economic status, not health.
Using strategic thinking, discuss why women might report more illness but live longer, based on the concepts presented in the material.
Women have better access to healthcare.
Women are genetically stronger than men.
Women may have multiple intersecting identities and longer life expectancy, which could lead to reporting more illness but living longer.
Women do not experience illness.
Which of the following factors is associated with improved child health globally?
Higher maternal education
Lower maternal education
Reduced political participation
Decreased women's autonomy
What percentage of single mothers are in poverty according to the global pattern mentioned?
21%
7%
15%
30%
Which health risk is NOT commonly shown by young men?
Lower traffic fatalities
More risk-taking
More injuries from alcohol, drugs
Higher-risk sexual behaviour
Older adults (65+) tend to have higher medical needs. Which of the following is NOT typically associated with their medical needs?
Less medication use
More hospitalizations
Visit doctors more often
More medication use
Explain how a mother's social status can impact child health, citing at least two contributing factors.
A mother's social status can impact child health through higher maternal education and women's empowerment, which are associated with improved health outcomes for children.
A mother's social status only affects her own health, not her child's.
Child health is solely determined by genetics, not social status.
Political participation has no effect on child health.
Why might older adults experience problems with medication use?
They are often prescribed inappropriate drugs, leading to adverse drug events.
They never visit doctors.
They use less medication than younger adults.
They have fewer hospitalizations.
Which of the following is identified as the biggest contributor to rising life expectancy?
Improved maternal health and nutrition
Large decline in infant mortality
Technological and medical advances
Public health measures
What public health measures have contributed to increased life expectancy?
Clean water and vaccination
Increased physical activity
Reduced smoking rates
Improved transportation
Since around 1978, what trend has been observed in the life expectancy gap between men and women?
The gap has widened
The gap has stopped widening
The gap has narrowed significantly
The gap has reversed
Which recent event has led to a decrease in life expectancy in British Columbia and slowed national gains?
Economic recession
Opioid crisis
Natural disasters
Increased pollution
Why do men generally die earlier than women according to biological factors?
Men have better access to healthcare
More male fetuses are conceived but also more die
Men have lower mortality across species
Genetics fully explain the difference
Explain why genetics alone cannot account for the historical shifts in male and female mortality rates.
Genetics change rapidly over time
Genetics cannot explain rapid historical shifts or the mismatch between mortality and morbidity
Genetics are the only factor affecting mortality
Genetics explain why women get sick more but die less
How do masculine social norms and lifestyle patterns influence male life expectancy?
They have no effect on life expectancy
They contribute to men dying earlier than women
They help men live longer than women
They only affect women’s life expectancy
Which of the following is a reason why medication adherence can be challenging for older adults?
Memory or vision problems
Frequent travel
High income level
Lack of access to technology
Falls are a major cause of injury and hospitalization in older adults. Which factor often worsens the risk of falls?
Medication side effects
Regular exercise
Balanced diet
Social participation
Approximately how many Canadians are affected by dementia, according to the provided data?
750,000
100,000
2 million
500,000
By 2031, what is the estimated number of Canadians who will be affected by dementia?
1.4 million
500,000
2.5 million
900,000
Despite chronic illness, older adults frequently report which of the following?
Good/excellent health
Low life satisfaction
Poor memory
High risk of falls
Which group reports higher life satisfaction among older adults?
Women
Men
Children
Adolescents
Which of the following is NOT listed as a positive predictor of healthy aging?
Frequent travel
Sense of purpose
Social participation
Feeling in control
What percentage range of Canadian COVID-19 deaths occurred in long-term care (LTC) facilities?
82–86%
10–15%
50–60%
30–35%
For-profit LTC homes had what kind of outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Worse outcomes
Better outcomes
No difference in outcomes
Unchanged outcomes
Explain how polypharmacy can impact medication adherence in older adults, and suggest one strategy to improve adherence. (DoK Level 3)
Polypharmacy increases the complexity of medication schedules, making it harder for older adults to remember and take all their medications correctly. One strategy to improve adherence is to simplify medication regimens or use pill organizers.
Polypharmacy has no impact on medication adherence; older adults always remember their medications. One strategy is to ignore the issue.
Polypharmacy only affects younger adults. One strategy is to increase the number of medications.
Polypharmacy makes medications taste better. One strategy is to change the flavor of pills.
Which of the following behaviors is associated with "machismo masculinities"?
Risk-taking behaviors
Healthy eating habits
Avoidance of physical activity
Low alcohol consumption
Which of the following is NOT listed as a higher prevalence behavior among men?
Smoking
Heavy drinking
High-fat diets
Frequent medical check-ups
What is a common factor in one-third of fatal car crashes involving men?
Alcohol
Speeding
Poor weather conditions
Mechanical failure
How do suicide patterns differ between men and women according to the material?
Women attempt suicide more, but men use more lethal means
Men attempt suicide more, but women use more lethal means
Both men and women attempt suicide equally
Women have higher suicide mortality than men
Which disease do men die from more often compared to women?
Liver cirrhosis
Breast cancer
Osteoporosis
Alzheimer's disease
What is a dangerous exposure for women mentioned in the material?
Carcinogens in home or beauty products
Toxic exposures in construction sites
High-risk sports injuries
Alcohol-related accidents
Which challenges do trans people commonly face according to the material?
Stigma, discrimination, violence, and mental health challenges
Only physical health challenges
No challenges unique to trans people
Only financial challenges
Explain how risk-taking behaviors and dangerous occupations contribute to higher mortality rates among men. Use evidence from the material to support your answer.
Risk-taking behaviors and dangerous occupations increase exposure to toxic substances, violence, and accidents, leading to higher mortality rates among men.
Risk-taking behaviors and dangerous occupations have no impact on mortality rates.
Only dangerous occupations contribute to higher mortality rates, not risk-taking behaviors.
Risk-taking behaviors only affect mental health, not mortality rates.
Discuss the impact of stigma, discrimination, and violence on the mental health of trans people, as described in the material.
Stigma, discrimination, and violence contribute to mental health challenges for trans people.
Stigma, discrimination, and violence have no impact on trans people's mental health.
Only physical health is affected by stigma and discrimination.
Trans people do not experience mental health challenges.
Which of the following best describes a non-normative transition?
A transition that happens at the expected time in life
A transition that happens too early, too late, or out of order
A transition that always improves health
A transition that is always related to marriage
Which of the following is an example of a non-normative transition?
Graduating from high school at age 18
Getting a first job after college
Teen pregnancy
Retiring at the standard retirement age
According to the material, what is a potential consequence of young men dropping out of school?
Improved health outcomes
Lifelong economic and social disadvantages
Increased job opportunities
Early marriage
Which of the following statements is true about transitions and health?
All transitions improve health
Only normative transitions increase stress
Transitions can create both opportunities for improved health and risks for increased stress and illness
Transitions have no impact on health
Which of the following is NOT listed as an example of a non-normative transition?
Early retirement
Late childbearing
Getting a promotion at work
Job loss
What does the material suggest about individual coping ability during life transitions?
Everyone copes with transitions in the same way
Individual coping ability varies, and some people navigate transitions exceptionally well
No one can cope well with transitions
Coping ability is not related to health outcomes
According to the material, married people tend to:
Be less healthy and live shorter lives
Be healthier and live longer
Experience more non-normative transitions
Have more job loss
Why might non-normative transitions pose greater challenges to health compared to normative transitions?
Because they always happen at the right time
Because they are less researched
Because they occur unexpectedly and can disrupt expected life patterns, leading to increased stress and difficulty coping
Because they are always related to marriage
Which group is at a higher risk of illness and mortality?
Married people
Single, divorced, or separated people
People in long-term relationships
People living with friends
What trend was observed in heterosexual marriage rates in Canada between 2001 and 2016?
Increased from 65.8% to 70.5%
Decreased from 70.5% to 65.8%
Remained the same at 70.5%
Increased from 33.4% to 65.8%
By 2016, what was the percentage of families in Canada with same-sex marriages?
16.5%
65.8%
33.4%
70.5%
Why does marriage especially protect men's health, according to the material?
Married men have lower social status
Married men have higher social status and less subordinate position
Married men are expected to live alone
Married men have fewer responsibilities
Which of the following is a possible reason why marriage protects health?
Living alone increases social status
Living with someone expected to care for them
Marriage decreases social status
Marriage increases loneliness
What is the "selection effect" mentioned in the context of marriage and health?
Unhealthy people marry at higher rates
Healthier people marry at higher rates
Marriage causes illness
Marriage reduces social status
How is loneliness linked to health according to the material?
Loneliness is strongly linked to illness
Loneliness improves health
Loneliness has no effect on health
Loneliness reduces vulnerability to illness
What effect do transitions into and out of marriage have on health?
Decrease vulnerability to illness
Increase vulnerability to illness
Have no effect on health
Improve mental health
How can caregiving burdens in marriage affect health?
Improve health and increase benefits of marriage
Harm health and reduce the benefits of marriage
Have no impact on health
Only affect the partner being cared for
What are some negative health outcomes associated with unhappy marriages?
Lower blood pressure and heart rate
Higher blood pressure, higher heart rate, increased stress hormones
Improved mental health
Decreased stress hormones
Which area does the material suggest needs more longitudinal research?
Marriage benefits
Divorce impacts and single living
Same-sex marriage rates
Social status of married men
Given the trends in marriage in Canada, what might be a social implication of more single-person households than married-couple households in 2016?
Increased social support networks
Potential increase in loneliness and health risks
Decreased need for healthcare services
Higher rates of marriage satisfaction
If a person is caring for a disabled or ill partner, what impact might this have on their health according to the material?
It will always improve their health
It can harm their health and reduce marriage benefits
It has no effect on their health
It only affects the partner being cared for
How might negative emotions in an unhappy marriage physiologically affect a person?
Lower blood pressure and heart rate
Higher blood pressure, higher heart rate, increased stress hormones
Improved immune system
Decreased stress hormones
Which of the following is NOT a common outcome for individuals with functional limitations?
More likely to have lower SES
More likely to be unemployed
More likely to have higher education
More likely to have lower education
What is one reason why health inequalities are harder to improve for those with functional limitations?
They have better access to healthcare
They have higher quality of life
They are more likely to be unemployed
They are less likely to face discrimination
Which of the following is an example of a contemporary issue related to racism?
Police brutality and racial profiling
Increased access to education
Improved healthcare for all
Decreased unemployment rates
Racial minorities often face which of the following challenges?
Structural violence
Economic prosperity
Political dominance
Universal healthcare
How do all forms of racism impact physical and mental health?
They improve mental health
They contribute to poorer physical and mental health
They have no effect on health
They only affect physical health
Approximately how many immigrants does Canada receive annually?
50,000–100,000
250,000–300,000+
500,000–600,000
1,000,000+
What is a key driver of population growth in Canada?
High native fertility
Immigration
Decreased birth rates
Increased mortality rates
Why do new immigrants tend to be healthier than the Canadian-born population?
They have less access to healthcare
Only the healthiest can migrate (self-selection)
They are older on average
They avoid medical screening
Which of the following is NOT a reason for the healthy immigrant effect?
Immigration policies favour educated, skilled, young people
Medical screening filters out many illnesses
Self-selection of the healthiest individuals
Immigrants are less educated than the native population
Suppose a country wants to improve the health of its immigrant population. Based on the healthy immigrant effect, which policy would likely be most effective?
Implementing strict medical screening for all immigrants
Allowing unrestricted migration regardless of health status
Prioritizing older, less skilled individuals for immigration
Reducing education requirements for immigrants
Which group has been under-researched in studies about couples, according to the provided material?
Heterosexual couples
LGBTQ couples
Married couples
Elderly couples
What has greatly increased public acknowledgment of LGBTQ identities in the last two decades?
Celebrity scandals
Legalization of same-sex marriage
Increase in hate crimes
Decrease in research funding
Which celebrity is mentioned as helping to normalize LGBTQ identities?
Ellen DeGeneres
Elton John
RuPaul
Lady Gaga
What are some persistent challenges faced by LGBTQ youth?
Lack of internet access
Stigma and discrimination
Overrepresentation in media
High income levels
Which mental health issues are LGBTQ individuals at higher risk for, according to the material?
Diabetes, hypertension, obesity
Depression, anxiety, trauma
Asthma, allergies, migraines
Insomnia, ADHD, bipolar disorder
What are some factors contributing to higher health risks among LGBTQ individuals?
Lack of social inclusion and safety from discrimination
Excessive exercise and healthy eating
High levels of education and income
Access to private healthcare
Bisexual and trans people are more likely to have which socio-economic status?
Higher SES
Lower SES
Middle SES
No SES difference
Which group is at higher risk for hate crimes and certain health outcomes such as cancer and STIs?
Lesbian women
Gay men
Heterosexual men
Elderly women
Explain how celebrity visibility can impact the normalization of LGBTQ identities. (DoK Level 2)
It increases stigma and discrimination.
It helps normalize LGBTQ identities by providing positive role models.
It reduces public acknowledgment of LGBTQ issues.
It has no impact on LGBTQ identities.
Analyze why “coming out” remains stressful for many LGBTQ youth, using evidence from the material. (DoK Level 3)
Because it is always celebrated in society
Due to persistent stigma and discrimination
Because there is no research on LGBTQ youth
Due to high socio-economic status
Which of the following statements best describes the health trend of immigrants over time as they adjust to life in Canada?
Immigrant health improves and surpasses the national average.
Immigrant health remains consistently better than the national average.
Immigrant health declines and eventually approaches the national average.
Immigrant health remains unchanged over time.
Refugees arriving in Canada typically have which of the following health characteristics compared to the general population?
Lower disease burden and lower likelihood of infections.
Higher disease burden and higher likelihood of infections.
Similar disease burden and infection rates.
No significant health differences.
