A soccer player kicks a ball at rest on the ground straight up high into the air and watches it reach its highest point. Which statement describes the kinetic or gravitational potential energy of the ball during the time the player watches the movement of the ball?

A student is building a model of a lift that would move heavy boxes onto a truck. She wants to make a simple machine at 1/10th scale that can lift objects up to 3.4 kg. The model machine outputs up to 200 J of energy when functioning at maximum capacity. If the maximum height to lift an object is 0.3 m, which statement describes the amount of heat generated when the machine functions at maximum capacity? (g = 9.8 m/s²)

Most computers have fans that circulate air over the circuitry to keep it cool. The air absorbs the thermal energy generated by the processor and transports it away from the circuitry. Some powerful computers produce extreme amounts of thermal energy and use water to transport the thermal energy away. What does this suggest about the properties of water and air?

Thousands of tons of water cascade over Niagara Falls each second, and much of it is diverted to generators to transform its energy into electricity. Select the TWO examples of mechanical energy.

A power plant uses 2.25 joules of chemical energy to generate 1 joule of electrical energy. The average household that the plant services uses approximately 2 billion joules of electrical energy per month. To supply enough electricity for one average household, how much chemical energy will the plant transform into energy forms other than electricity?

An engineer was trying to improve a hockey stick. She wanted to increase the velocity that a puck would travel after being hit by the stick. She tried adding more flex to the stick, so that it would bend more when it struck the puck. Which of these best explains the reason she would try this?

What is the main purpose of using a parachute when dropping cargo from a plane?

Fill in the blank: The parachute system helps the cargo land more ________, thus decreasing the chances of damage being done to the cargo upon landing.

Which force acts upward on the parachute and helps slow down the cargo?

Refer to the diagram of a parachute attached to a cargo container. Which force acts upward on the parachute?

Refer to the diagram of a parachute attached to a cargo container. The force acting downward on the cargo is called _________.

The engineering students install flaps that extend off the cargo load to maximize the drag force during landing and prevent their cargo from opening on landing. Which statement explains why the flaps would be helpful in preventing damage upon landing? Choose the correct answer.

A group of engineering students makes a prototype of the parachute system for a test cargo load to run experiments and collect data on the parachute’s effectiveness in assuring a safe landing. Select all of the variables that should be measured for this experiment.

At a county fair, three bumper cars are closely in line with each other on a metal conducting floor, lined up east to west, as shown in the image. Car 1 has a mass of 145 kg, Car 2 has a mass of 120 kg, and Car 3 has a mass of 150 kg. While Car 1 remains stationary, Car 2 moves westward toward Car 3 at a velocity of 2.0 m/s, and Car 3 moves eastward toward Car 2 at 1.0 m/s. Assume that momentum and kinetic energy are conserved in each collision between cars. 1. Identify which two of the three cars define a closed system.

If the final velocity of Car 2 is 1.3 m/s to the east, calculate the final velocity of Car 3.

Predict what would happen if Car 2 bounces back and strikes Car 1 after the initial collision.

Part 1: One point is earned for identifying that Car 2 and Car 3 make up a closed system.

Part 2: One point is earned for calculating the final velocity of Car 2 as 1.6 m/s to the west. Any of the following responses, or equivalents, are acceptable:

Part 3: One point is earned for predicting the behavior of Car 1 after it is struck by Car 2 after the initial collision.

Predict how the potential energy and kinetic energy will change using the model of an apple as it falls, and describe why each type of energy changes based on the seedpod's velocity and height.

The total energy of the apple at the beginning of its fall is compared with its total energy when it is halfway to the ground.

Part 1: Predict the change in energy from potential to kinetic and describe what happens to the potential energy and kinetic energy as the height of an apple decreases during its fall. Fill in the blank: As the apple falls, the decrease in height decreases the potential energy, which is converted into ________ as evidenced by the fact that the apple's velocity increased.

Part 2: Describe what happens to the total energy in a seedpod as it falls. Fill in the blank: The seedpod contains the same amount of energy at the beginning of its fall as it does when it is close to the ground because _________.

Two playground balls collide in an inelastic collision. Which statement correctly describes the total momentum and kinetic energy of the system after the collision?

Two objects with different masses undergo an elastic collision. Before the collision, the two objects were moving at velocities equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. Which statement correctly describes the momenta of the objects after the collision?

A force is applied to stop a moving shopping cart. The change in force occurs when the time of impact is increased because:

Explain why, when stopping a shopping cart, increasing the time interval decreases the force required to stop the cart. Use the impulse-momentum theorem in your explanation.

In a hydroelectric power plant, water falls downward, which turns a turbine. This turbine generates a current, which is used to distribute energy to the surrounding community. What series of energy transformations occurs in this process?

A student placed a cardboard box at the bottom of a hill. The student then released a ball from a point on the hill. The ball collided with the box, and the box moved a distance of 2 meters before both it and the ball came to rest. Which change to the initial conditions would be most likely to result in the box moving a greater distance?

Not all of the energy from cranking a hand-crank flashlight ends up as light from the LED because:

Identify the type of energy that occurs between the mechanical energy input and the light energy output when cranking a generator to produce light.

Explain why not all of the mechanical energy becomes light when using a generator to produce light. Include the concept of energy conversion efficiency in your answer.

What Newtons law does this picture represent

Which of the following has the MOST momentum?

While playing pool, the white cue ball strikes the 8 ball. Before the collision, the cue ball's velocity was 10 m/s and the 8 ball was at rest. If both ball's have a mass of 0.15 kg and the cue ball's velocity after the collision is 2 m/s, what is the 8 ball's velocity?

Heat will always transfer from-

Two cups starting at 40 degrees are left outside for three hours. After the three hours Cup A (Styrofoam) is at 52 degrees and Cup B (Aluminum) is at 68 degrees. Which is the better conductor?

Energy can never be created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to?