WorksheetsOverview and Basic Structure of Cells
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 3mins
Which statement best explains the nucleus’s role in a typical human cell shown in the diagram?
It forms the outer boundary and regulates exchanges
It stores nutrients and provides mechanical support
It controls cellular activities and houses genetic material
It digests wastes and detoxifies reactive molecules
In the labeled nucleus diagram, which structure primarily regulates transport of mRNA and ribosomal subunits between nucleus and cytoplasm?
Nucleolus dense rRNA region
Nucleoplasm gel-like medium
Chromatin packed DNA strands
Nuclear pores embedded in envelope
A cell must ramp up ATP output for sustained muscle contraction. Using the mitochondrion diagram, which structural feature directly increases surface area for electron transport chain activity?
Cristae folded inner membrane
Outer membrane porin channels
Intermembrane space gap
Matrix aqueous enzyme solution
A protein destined for secretion is synthesized on ribosomes, enters the Golgi cis face, and exits the trans face in a vesicle. Which step would be directly impaired if the Golgi cisternae could no longer modify and sort cargo?
Acidic activation of lysosomal enzymes
Polypeptide translation from mRNA
Vesicle docking at plasma membrane
Microtubule spindle formation
Which statement best describes how phospholipids arrange in the plasma membrane to form a bilayer?
Tails extend outward contacting aqueous solutions on both sides
Heads face cytoplasm while tails face extracellular fluid
Hydrophilic heads point toward water on both sides
Hydrophobic heads cluster inward avoiding watery environments
Which statement best describes cholesterol’s role in the plasma membrane?
Anchors peripheral proteins to the extracellular matrix
Increases rigidity and reduces water permeability
Forms recognition sites through sugar side chains
Decreases rigidity and raises water permeability
Which statement best distinguishes facilitated diffusion from simple diffusion across a cell membrane?
Simple moves water via aquaporins; facilitated moves gases
Facilitated moves against gradients; simple moves with gradients
Both require ATP to move solutes across membranes
Facilitated uses integral proteins; simple passes through lipids
A cell needs to accumulate potassium ions inside when external levels are lower. Which transport mechanism will achieve this?
Facilitated diffusion through carrier proteins
Simple diffusion down the lipid bilayer
Osmosis through a selectively permeable membrane
Active transport using ATP-driven pumps
Which scenario correctly describes osmosis across a membrane?
Ions crossing via gated channels without energy
Oxygen diffusing from lungs into bloodstream
Water moving from high water concentration to lower
Movement of glucose through a specific transporter protein
Which scenario best illustrates receptor-mediated endocytosis rather than pinocytosis or phagocytosis? Refer to the diagram showing coated pits forming vesicles.
Engulfing a bacterium into a large phagosome
Nonselective uptake of extracellular fluid droplets
Fusion of a secretory vesicle to release hormones
Selective internalization of LDL via clathrin-coated pits
