Early Human Society: People first appeared between ______ and ______ years ago.

What did people rely on for food during the Stone Age?

The Neolithic Revolution: How many years ago did people begin to change from hunters and gatherers to producers of food?

Name one important development during the Neolithic Age.

Effects of the Neolithic Revolution included:

Why did early river valley civilizations develop along rivers?

Mesopotamia: Which two rivers was Mesopotamia located between?

Mesopotamian society was polytheistic and believed in as many as 2,000 gods.

Cultural and Scientific Contributions: Name one invention attributed to Mesopotamia.

What was the significance of the Code of Hammurabi?

Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of ancient Egypt?

Developed along the Indus River Valley more than 5,000 years ago. Large cities such as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were known for their sophisticated urban culture. Which ancient civilization is being described?

Chinese civilization would develop along the ______ and Yangtze Rivers.

The Mandate of Heaven in ancient China was:

What is the name of the religion that became known as Judaism?

The Ten Commandments forbade which of the following behaviors?

Who expanded Persia's territory westward by conquering Lydia and Babylonia?

Zoroastrianism became the official religion of which empire?

The Greek civilization developed on a mountainous peninsula which caused the city states to be separated.

Which two civilizations developed in Greece but eventually disappeared?

Because of the Greek geography, city-states developed each with its own form of government and system of laws.

Life in Sparta was organized around military needs and strict obedience and self-discipline were highly valued.

Which city-state developed the first democratic government?

Who were famous Greek philosophers that asked important questions and tried to understand the world at the time?

Greek architects tried to design statues and buildings with ideal proportions.

Who showed the Earth was round?

War between Sparta and Athens that resulted in the weakening of the Greek city-states is known as the ______.

Which of the following is NOT an achievement of Ancient Greece?

The Hellenistic culture is the fusion of Greek culture with the cultures of the ________ and India.

Which system established the rule of law and protected the plebeians in Rome?

The Roman Republic consisted of a Senate, Tribunes, and 2 Consuls.

What was the Pax Romana?

Julius Caesar was assassinated at the Senate floor in ________ B.C.

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the fall of the Roman Empire?

The Christian Bible consists of the ________ and ________ Testament.

What is one major belief of Hinduism?

What does reincarnation mean in Hinduism?

What is karma according to Hindu beliefs?

Name one sacred object in Hinduism.

What is the Caste System in India?

Who performed the lowliest tasks in the Caste System?

Who founded Buddhism?

What is one major belief of Buddhism?

Where are the basic beliefs of Buddhism found?

What are the Four Noble Truths associated with?

What is the Eightfold Path a part of?

What is the ultimate goal in Buddhism?

Why did Buddhism appeal to the poor and offer solace, safety, and guidance?

Which dynasty justified the Mandate of Heaven for its rule in China?

What philosophy was developed by Confucius and stressed obedience and order?

What is one major belief of Confucianism?

According to Confucianism, what does each person have in society?

What type of relationships are emphasized in Confucianism?

What concept is associated with Confucianism and the right to rule?

What philosophy was developed by Lao Tzu and teaches acceptance of the 'way'?

Which dynasty ruled China with strict rule while rejecting Confucianism?

What was the purpose of the Great Wall of China during the Qin Dynasty?

Which trade route connected China with parts of the Middle East and Europe during the Han Dynasty?

List one reason for the collapse of the Han Dynasty.

Both the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty suffered from similar problems leading up to their collapse.

How long did the Byzantine Empire survive after the fall of the Roman Empire?

Which form of Christianity became the main religion of the Byzantine Empire?

Hagia Sophia became a symbol of which culture?

What legal code did the Byzantine Empire use that incorporated existing Roman laws?

At around what year was the Byzantine Empire invaded by the Ottoman Turks, leading to its decline?

After the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe went through a period known as what?

The Franks settled in the territory of which modern-day country?

Who was crowned Holy Roman Emperor, thus uniting the political and religious systems in the kingdom of the Franks?

Feudalism consisted of which types of systems throughout the Middle Ages?

During the Middle Ages, people were religious and believed the Church had the power to send a person to Heaven or Hell.

During the Middle Ages, Popes used the power of excommunication to punish kings who violated the laws of the Catholic Church.

During the Middle Ages, the Church became Europe’s largest landowner.

During the Middle Ages, the Church was the center of learning and people relied on Church officials.

What was the economic system that characterized the Middle Ages and consisted of an area controlled by the manor and worked by the peasants?

What was the single most important organization in Western Europe during the Middle Ages?

Who called on the Roman Catholic Church for help as the Muslim empires approached the Byzantine Empire?

Who called for Christians to unite and fight a holy Crusade to recapture the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Muslim rulers in 1095?

Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Crusades?

During the Middle Ages, a new art style was introduced known as Gothic. What are some features of Gothic architecture?

Who developed Islam after seeing a vision of an angel commanding him to convert the Arab tribes?

What is the sacred text of Islam?

Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

Muslims pray ___ times a day as part of the Five Pillars of Islam.

What is the pilgrimage to Mecca called in Islam?

Fasting during Ramadan means Muslims cannot eat or drink during the month of Ramadan.

Which event led to the decline of the Middle Ages by bringing goods from the East to Europe?

The Black Death killed ___ million people, which was about 1/3 of Europe’s population.

Who rallied French troops to defeat the English and crown the new French king during the Hundred Years’ War?

The Great Schism was solved in 1417 when a Church Council elected a single pope.

Who was the Renaissance scientist and astronomer who supported the Sun-centered theory of the universe and was ordered by the Roman Catholic Church to appear before the Inquisition in Rome?

Who invented the movable printing press, which allowed for the mass production of printed books and encouraged the spread of new ideas during the Renaissance?

Martin Luther posted the Ninety-Five Theses in the door of the Church, calling for the end of illegal sale of indulgences.

Luther believed people could reach salvation through ______ alone, not the Pope.

The movable type printing press had the greatest impact on the ______.

Who followed Luther's ideas and stressed the idea of predestination, which later established Calvinism?