The creative problem-solving process that integrates planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to reach goals; essential at all organizational levels

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Deciding on methods and resources needed to achieve organizational objectives; includes setting goals and devising strategies

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Determining human requirements and assigning specific tasks to individuals; ensures a structured approach to project execution.

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Motivating people to achieve common goals and providing direction; requires strong interpersonal and communication skills.

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Ensuring activities align with the planned direction; requires monitoring progress and making necessary adjustments.

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These firms/organizations have moderate degrees of engineering jobs, such as transportation companies.

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These firms/organizations have a high degree of engineering jobs, such as construction firms.

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Involves learning about nature and codifying this knowledge in usable theories; serves as the foundation for innovative solutions.

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Focuses on turning product concepts into finished physical items; requires creativity and technical precision.

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Involves testing new products or parts for overall work and reliability; ensures products meet required standards.

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Directly managing production personnel and overseeing product manufacturing; emphasizes efficiency and quality control.

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Assisting customers with technical needs; blending engineering expertise with customer service.

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Managing construction personnel and ensuring quality in the construction process; requires strong leadership and technical knowledge.

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Regulating, monitoring, and controlling public and private institutions.

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Overseeing teams or departments responsible for carrying out specific engineering or technical tasks to achieve organizational goals.

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Teaching engineering subjects and may advance to administrative positions in an institutions.

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Potential to achieve organizational objectives effectively and efficiently; effectiveness measures objective accomplishments, while efficiency is resource utilization

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Desire to lead and manage people toward realizing organizational goals; encompasses multiple dimensions

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Positive view towards authority, boosting cooperation with superiors; essential for smooth management hierarchies.

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Desire to compete with peers in work-related settings or games; encourages innovation and higher performance standards.

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Sense of duty in performing routine managerial tasks; ensures reliability and dedication.

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Desire to stand out and be recognized; fosters unique contributions and innovative thinking.

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Desire to exercise influence over others; motivating teams and achieving objectives.

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Desire to take charge and lead effectively; driving decisions and taking responsibility.

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is the process of identifying and choosing alternative courses of action appropriate to the situation's demands

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who must use a procedure to determine the best option to solve problems

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is responsible for the outcomes of their decisions, especially at higher levels where decisions are bigger and more complicated, requiring them to choose the best decision option possible.

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are made at various levels in the workplace, including top, middle, and lower management, and at various stages of the management process, such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling.

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are tasked with providing leadership to attain organizational objectives; their decision-making skills are crucial for professional success, necessitating good decisions for growth and success.

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Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 1st process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 2nd process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 3rd process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 4th process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 5th process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 6th process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 7th process

Decision making process according to David H. Holt:

1. 8th process

refers to variables that are outside the organization and not typically within the short-run control of top management.

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refers to organizational activities within a firm that surrounds decision-making.

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involves using intuition and subjective judgment, suitable when the problem is simple, familiar, costs are low, and immediate decisions are needed.

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uses rational and analytical techniques, including inventory models, queuing theory, and forecasting, to evaluate alternatives.

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one of quantitative models that help in making decisions regarding inventory through techniques

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one of quantitative models that describe how to determine the number of service units that will minimize both costumers waiting time and cost of service.

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one of quantitative models where large complex tasks are broken into smaller segments that can be managed independently.

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one of quantitative models where samples of populations are statistically determined to be used for a number of processes, such as quality control and marketing research.

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one of quantitative models that may be defined as “the collection of past and current information to make predictions about the future.”

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one of quantitative models constructed to present reality, on which conclusions about real life problems can be used.

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one of quantitative models that examines variable associations to predict future events

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one of quantitative models that produces an optimum solution within constraints, useful for supply and demand limitations

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one of quantitative models that provides a rational way to solve problems with limited information, supported by Bayesian analysis to revise event probabilities with additional information.

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helps managers analyze situations carefully, leading to better decision-making and minimizing costly errors

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enables organizations to anticipate and adapt to changes in the environment, technology, and competition

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provides a methodical approach to achieving desired results, ensuring tasks are prioritized effectively and goals are met

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is a management function that coordinates decisions to achieve broad goals over a period of time

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involves anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies to achieve organizational objectives

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is a predetermined course of action, tailored to specific projects or established as a standing guide for future actions

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In setting goals, it should be SMART--what is S?

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In setting goals, it should be SMART--what is M?

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In setting goals, it should be SMART--what is A?

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In setting goals, it should be SMART--what is R?

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In setting goals, it should be SMART--what is T?

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ensures the organization achieves its objectives, tailored to the specific situation

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are short-term actions to adjust to negative internal or external influences, formulated to support strategies

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These are the general and ultimate ends toward which an organization aims, guiding overall direction.

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An organization's mission defines its specific roles and activities, focusing its efforts effectively.

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Effective strategies must be tailored to the specific situation an organization faces, considering its unique context.

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determine the human, material, financial, and time resources required for the task, correctly determining both quantity and quality

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are quantitative or qualitative measures; used to monitor the performance of resources, people, capital goods, or processes

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are set during planning to measure performance; deviations require corrections or reinforcement.

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Type of strategic planning that focuses on the major goals of the organization and the policies for obtaining and using resources.

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It considers the entire company, including its objectives and current resources, to set a unified direction.

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The strategic plan spells out decisions about long-range goals and the actions needed to achieve them.

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determines the contributions subunits can make with allocated resources.

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The goal is to create a plan that supports the overarching strategic plan by defining subunit objectives.

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The goals of subunits are defined, and a plan is developed to guide the realization of these goals.

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Operational planning focuses on how specific tasks can be best accomplished on time with available resources.

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This type of planning supports both the strategic and intermediate plans through detailed task management.

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It addresses the specific tasks required to implement higherlevel plans effectively.

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