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WorksheetsTubes and Tests Quiz
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
Which statement best explains why blood cultures are drawn when septicemia is suspected?
They assess oxygen saturation in arterial blood
They detect viruses that affect red cells
They enhance microorganism growth to identify type
They measure electrolyte levels for dehydration
When should blood cultures ideally be collected relative to antibiotic therapy?
Preferably before starting an antibiotic
Only during antibiotic infusion
At least one week after starting therapy
Immediately after finishing antibiotics
What is the purpose of an antibiotic removal device (ARD) bottle?
Add clotting factors to samples
Inactivate antibiotics using resin or charcoal
Neutralize iodine used for skin prep
Increase oxygen content in the blood
In a standard adult collection, how many bottles and how much blood per bottle are typically drawn for blood cultures?
One set, 2–4 ml per bottle
Two sets, 8–10 ml per bottle
Three sets, 12–15 ml per bottle
Two sets, 1–5 ml per bottle
During a two-bottle system using a venipuncture set, which bottle is filled first?
ARD bottle first for removal
Either order is acceptable
Anaerobic bottle first then aerobic
Aerobic bottle first for oxygen
Which cleansing sequence is correct before blood culture collection when the skin is visibly soiled?
Alcohol only in circular motion
Soap and water, let dry, then alcohol or chlorhexidine
Iodine then soap and water
Chlorhexidine after bottle transfer
For iodine site prep, what technique should be used?
Spiral inward for 60 seconds
Random dabbing for 5 seconds
Circular motion outward for 30 seconds
Linear strokes for 10 seconds
Yellow SPS tubes contain sodium polyanethol sulfonate. Which function is correct?
Promotes coagulation by binding calcium
Prevents coagulation and inhibits phagocytes
Neutralizes resin in ARD bottles
Raises blood oxygen to support growth
Light blue tubes for coagulation studies use sodium citrate. What critical ratio must be met?
1:9 blood to citrate
5:1 blood to citrate
10:1 citrate to blood
9:1 blood to citrate
Why must light blue tubes be filled completely?
To allow ARD resin activation
To avoid hemolysis from underfill
To maintain the required blood-to-citrate ratio
To prevent oxygen loss from the sample
Which statement about overmixing blood samples for coagulation tests is accurate?
It activates platelets, causing erroneous results
It raises fibrinogen levels artificially
It reduces platelet activation and improves accuracy
It sterilizes the sample for culture
Which are appropriate clinical uses of PT?
Evaluate liver disease impacts
Monitor warfarin anticoagulation
Diagnose intrinsic pathway defects
Assess kidney function
What does INR standardization account for across laboratories?
Variations in patient diet
Variations in PT reagents used
Differences in blood types
Differences in vein size
Which range is considered normal for INR in a person not on blood thinners?
0.9 to 1.3
2.0 to 3.0
4.0 to 5.0
0.2 to 0.5
What is the typical reference range for aPTT?
10–13 seconds
60–80 seconds
30–40 seconds
20–28 seconds
Which adult fibrinogen level suggests increased risk of blood clots traveling to organs?
Below 50 mg/dl
Between 200 and 400 mg/dl
More than 700 mg/dl
Exactly 100 mg/dl
Which scenario is consistent with low fibrinogen risk after surgery?
Less than 50 mg/dl leading to excessive bleeding
More than 700 mg/dl leading to clot travel
Elevated INR of 4.0 without warfarin
Normal range of 200–400 mg/dl
What can a D-dimer test help determine?
Presence of vitamin K excess
Oxygen requirement of microorganisms
Possible blood clotting condition
Need for ARD bottle use
How many substances are measured in a Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)?
Six different analytes
Fourteen different analytes
Eight different analytes
Ten different analytes
Which statement describes thixotropic gel in SST tubes?
Stays solid and traps plasma
Becomes fluid when spun, then solidifies
Dissolves into serum during spin
Prevents clotting by inhibiting fibrin
Match each chemistry panel with what it provides.
BMP
Eight analytes of chemical balance
CMP
Fourteen analytes including liver info
Lipid profile
Cholesterol and triglyceride types
Which analyte is an electrolyte measured in BMP?
Creatinine waste
Glucose carbohydrate
Calcium mineral
Albumin protein
What is a disadvantage of using serum instead of plasma for chemistry tests?
Serum samples take time to clot
Serum has more anticoagulant
Serum cannot be centrifuged
Serum lacks electrolytes entirely
Which CMP component provides additional liver information beyond BMP?
Alkaline phosphatase
Carbon dioxide level
Chloride electrolyte
Blood urea nitrogen
Red glass tubes are used for chemistry testing. What is their additive status and inversion requirement?
Heparin additive, eight inversions
Silica additive, five inversions
No additive, no inversions
Gel separator, five inversions
How long does blood typically need to clot before serum is separated in red glass tubes?
About 10 minutes
About 90 minutes
About 60 minutes
About 30 minutes
Which tube is called a Rapid Serum Tube (RST)?
Red plastic clot activator
SST gel separator tube
Gray fluoride anticoagulant
Orange tube, thrombin with gel separator
Identify all components measured in BMP from the list.
Albumin protein
Creatinine waste
Sodium electrolyte
Glucose level
Cholesterol total
In SST tubes, how many gentle inversions are recommended after collection?
Ten inversions
Three inversions
Five inversions
Seven inversions
Which reason supports why serum is preferred for chemistry testing?
Serum has anticoagulants added
Reference intervals based on serum
Serum contains more white cells
Serum eliminates centrifugation
Which tube additive prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin and is used for STAT chemistry tests?
Serum separator without anticoagulant
EDTA in lavender tube
Heparin in dark green tube
Sodium citrate in blue tube
For heparin tubes used in plasma testing, how many inversions are recommended immediately after collection?
Eight to ten inversions
Five to six inversions
Twelve to fourteen inversions
Two to four inversions
What is the main advantage of using plasma rather than serum for chemistry tests?
More stable electrolytes
No need to wait for clotting
Higher protein concentration
Lower hemolysis risk
Which statement best describes a whole blood specimen?
Sample containing all cellular components
Serum with anticoagulant
Plasma without platelets
Isolated red blood cells only
Lavender EDTA tubes are primarily used for which type of testing?
Electrolyte panels
Coagulation profiles
Hematology studies
Liver function tests
Underfilling an EDTA tube can falsely cause which result pattern?
Low hemoglobin but normal RBC
High platelet count only
Low blood counts and hematocrits
High hematocrit and WBC
Match each CBC component to its primary purpose.
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
Oxygen-carrying capacity assessment
Hematocrit (Hct)
Packed RBC volume percentage
Differential (Diff)
Breakdown of WBC types and morphology
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
Variability in RBC sizes percentage
Pink-top EDTA tubes are primarily designated for which laboratory area?
Urinalysis sediment exams
Microbiology cultures
Blood bank transfusion testing
Coagulation factor assays
Arrange the typical type and crossmatch steps in correct order.
Blood typing
ABO and Rh determination using RBC antigens
Antibody screen
Check plasma for unexpected antibodies
Crossmatch
Mix patient blood with donor RBCs to assess compatibility
Which precaution is essential for type and crossmatch specimens?
Strict tube labeling and patient identification
No mixing with donor cells
Immediate refrigeration always
Use of serum without anticoagulant
Which statement about WBC differential results is correct?
Determines platelet clotting time
Shows total hemoglobin concentration
Identifies specific white cell types
Measures RBC size variability
Which tubes and additives are associated with rapid clot formation for STAT serum chemistry tests?
Lavender EDTA tubes
Dark green heparin tubes
Light green PST heparin gel
Thixotropic gel with thrombin
Which CBC results commonly indicate anemia?
Low RBC count
Low hemoglobin
Low hematocrit
High MPV
Match each toxic metal with a common exposure source.
Lead
Paint and old water pipes
Mercury
Seafood or dental amalgam
Arsenic
Soil, water, certain foods
Cadmium
Batteries and industrial processes
Match each macromineral or electrolyte with its primary role.
Calcium
Bone health and nerve function
Magnesium
Biochemical reactions and heart rhythm
Potassium and sodium
Electrolyte balance and nerve signals
Phosphorus
Energy storage with calcium
Which trace mineral is essential for oxygen transport as part of hemoglobin?
Copper for energy
Iron for hemoglobin
Zinc for immune function
Selenium for thyroid
Gray tubes contain which additives for glucose and anticoagulation?
Sodium citrate and calcium
Heparin and lithium
Potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride
EDTA and citrate
Why is sodium fluoride used in gray top tubes for glucose testing?
Prevents hemolysis of RBCs
Maintains serum electrolytes
Stops cells from consuming glucose
Speeds clot formation for plasma
For lactate specimens, the plasma must be separated and removed from cells within approximately how long after collection?
3 hours post draw
15 minutes post draw
5 minutes post draw
1 hour post draw
Which transport condition is appropriate for lactic acid specimens?
Heat pack for stability
Wet ice to the lab
Frozen solid on dry ice
Room temperature without ice
During alcohol testing collection, which antiseptic should be used to cleanse the site?
Hydrogen peroxide wipe
Chlorhexidine
Iodine solution
Alcohol swab for speed
Which step supports tamper resistance during drug testing specimen collection?
Use alcohol to clean labels
Avoid labeling with initials
Seal stoppers with tape
Skip tube inversion
Which statement accurately describes chain of custody documentation?
Ends after specimen collection
Requires only patient signature
Tracks date, time, and handlers
Begins at testing completion
Patient identification and specimen collection during chain of custody should be performed in the presence of whom?
A hospital administrator
A clinical chemist
A witness, often law enforcement
A laboratory manager
Yellow ACD tubes contain which additive and function?
Heparin to activate antithrombin
Acid citrate dextrose to prevent clotting
EDTA to bind iron in plasma
Sodium fluoride to stabilize glucose
