WorksheetsSEHS : B3.1 Causes of Injury (Quiz 1)
Total questions: 22
Worksheet time: 13mins
Consider an everyday action you do regularly. Identify a risk of harm associated with that activity.
Slipping or tripping due to surface conditions
Improved fitness from regular movement
Feeling bored during the activity
Wearing comfortable clothing
Identify two strategies that have been put into place by others or by yourself that reduce either the likelihood or severity of that risk. Which two strategies best reduce risk for a common everyday action?
Use appropriate footwear and keep surfaces dry
Ignore hazards and proceed quickly
Follow posted safety signs and adjust pace to conditions
Remove protective equipment to move more freely
Identify the severity and the likelihood of a 29-year-old professional footballer suffering a sudden cardiac arrest on the pitch.
Likelihood likely; severity major
Likelihood rare; severity extreme
Likelihood possible; severity moderate
Likelihood unlikely; severity minor
Outline the strategies that the tournament organizers, staff in the Denmark squad and the players on the pitch used. Which strategies are most appropriate for managing a sudden cardiac arrest during a match?
Immediate activation of emergency action plan and rapid medical response
Use of automated external defibrillator (AED) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on the field
Delaying care until the match ends to avoid interrupting play
Clear communication to officials to stop play and create space for medical teams
If you were the organizer of a similar tournament, what strategies would you put in place to reduce the risk of cardiac arrest? Select all that apply.
Mandatory pre-competition cardiac screening and medical history review
Locate AEDs and trained responders at pitch-side with rehearsed emergency action plans
Ban all strenuous activity to eliminate risk
Provide on-site advanced life support teams and ensure rapid access routes onto the field
Consider why mountain biking has a greater risk of injury than road cycling.
Mountain biking frequently occurs on uneven terrain with obstacles and variable conditions, increasing the likelihood of crashes and falls compared with smooth, controlled road surfaces.
Road cycling uses heavier bikes that make riders less agile, which increases injury risk more than mountain biking.
Mountain bikes are slower than road bikes, so riders experience more severe impacts in crashes.
Mountain biking is typically done in large teams, so collisions are more common than in road cycling.
A study of amateur triathletes reported that those training up to 14 hours per week performed equally well compared with those training more than 20 hours per week. Why can amateur triathletes perform equally well with a lower volume of training?
Higher-quality, well-structured sessions and adequate recovery can produce similar performance without excessive weekly training volume.
Lower training volume drastically increases VO2max , which directly improves race times beyond what higher volume can achieve.
Racing performance in triathlon depends only on feeling rested on race day, so training volume is irrelevant.
Less training builds more muscle mass, which is the primary determinant of triathlon success.
Do regulations that require players in contact sports to wear protective equipment reduce the incidence of injury?
They can reduce specific injuries (such as head lacerations) but may not consistently lower overall injury rates, because injury mechanisms vary across sports and equipment types.
They always eliminate injuries in contact sports by fully preventing harmful impacts.
They increase injuries by restricting movement and causing players to get hurt more often.
They have no effect on any injury outcomes in contact sports.
Which statement best explains why proper helmet fit and face protection are emphasized in collision sports?
They reduce facial and dental injuries by absorbing impact and shielding the face.
They primarily improve aerodynamics to increase speed.
They increase body temperature to warm muscles before contact.
They limit peripheral vision so players focus straight ahead.
A study by Timpka et al. in 2014 outlined an injury case study of a footballer during a Women’s Champions League football game. During a cross ball, this player collides with a defender and both fall to the ground. During the fall, the footballer’s ankle is caught between the ground and the defender. Immediately the player feels pain in her right ankle. She receives treatment on the pitch by the team’s physiotherapist and the player reports a severe pain score of 8/10 (where 10 is the worst pain). The physiotherapist decides to send the player to hospital where she receives clinical scans and tests. These reveal a partial rupture of the anterior tibiofibular ligament but no fracture. The doctor diagnoses tibiofibular ligament injury of the right ankle.
What type of sports injury did the player suffer?
Partial rupture of the anterior tibiofibular ligament of the right ankle.
Fracture of the ankle bones.
Concussion from a head impact.
Shoulder dislocation.
What details can be included to describe the sports trauma?
Collision during a cross ball with the ankle trapped between ground and defender, severe pain rated 8/10, scans showed partial rupture without fracture.
Non-contact sprinting with mild discomfort, no imaging performed, player returned immediately.
Heading the ball caused dizziness and brief loss of balance, later diagnosed as concussion.
Overuse from training led to gradual knee soreness without a specific incident.
Can you think of an injury type from another area of the body?
Anterior cruciate ligament tear of the knee.
Hamstring muscle strain.
Quadriceps contusion (bruise).
Forearm abrasion from sliding.
Can overtraining lead to altered gait, in turn leading to injury?
Yes, fatigue and compensations can alter gait and load tissues in ways that increase injury risk.
No, training does not affect gait mechanics enough to change injury risk.
Yes, but only in novice athletes; experienced athletes are unaffected.
No, Wolff’s law prevents gait changes from leading to injury.
How does training or participation in sport and exercise affect rates of injury?
Rates are influenced by both overloading and underloading, as well as training errors in distance, duration and intensity.
Collagen production and tissue recovery after training affect resilience and injury risk.
Monitoring pain (for example, using a numerical pain rating scale) can inform adjustments that reduce injury risk.
Only competition level determines injury rates; training factors do not.
How can the constraint-led approach to skills acquisition be applied to identify and correct biomechanical maladaptation?
Observe and analyse movement patterns to identify inefficiencies
Modify constraints (task, environment, or individual) to promote effective adaptations
Ignore individual differences to create uniform technique
Provide feedback that helps learners reflect and adjust movement patterns
Progressively increase challenge and constraints to promote learning
Which are the risk factors that contribute to the development of chronic and overuse injuries in sports.
Repetitive loading, poor technique, and inadequate recovery
Single high-impact event with immediate tissue rupture
Use of protective equipment and gradual training progression
Shorter training sessions and reduced participation
Explain risk of sport injury.
The probability and potential severity of an injury occurring during physical activity
A guaranteed injury that occurs whenever someone exercises
Only the emotional impact of injury on an athlete
A list of protective equipment for a specific sport
List three external risk factors of injury.
Playing surface conditions
Personal protective equipment use
Rules and competitive environment
Age and previous injury history
Outline the three main groups of musculoskeletal injuries and provide a sporting example for each.
Lacerations/shearing, contusions/compression, and muscle strains; for example, cuts from contact in hockey, bruising from impact in rugby, and hamstring strain in sprinting
Concussions, dehydration, and heat stroke; for example, head trauma in boxing, fluid loss in marathon, and overheating in tennis
Fractures, sprains, and dislocations; for example, broken arm in cycling, ankle sprain in soccer, and shoulder dislocation in swimming
Illnesses, allergies, and infections; for example, flu in winter sports, pollen allergy in outdoor running, and skin infection in wrestling
Distinguish between an acute and a chronic type of injury in the same sport.
Acute injuries occur suddenly from a specific event; chronic injuries develop gradually due to repeated stress over time
Acute injuries only affect bones; chronic injuries only affect muscles
Acute injuries are less severe than chronic injuries
Acute injuries only occur in contact sports; chronic injuries only occur in non-contact sports
For two types of acute injury to a muscle, compare the likely signs and symptoms that an athlete may experience.
Muscle strain shows sudden pain, tenderness, and reduced function; muscle contusion shows localized pain, swelling, and bruising after impact
Muscle strain shows gradual mild discomfort; muscle contusion shows no visible changes
Both muscle strain and contusion show only headaches and dizziness
Muscle strain shows improved performance; muscle contusion shows enhanced flexibility
Identify the most common area of injury in the first three training years.
Ankle/foot
Knee
Calf/shin
Hip
Calculate the percentage difference for ankle/foot injuries between Year 2 and Year 3.
About 5 percentage points
About 15 percentage points
About 1 percentage point
About 10 percentage points
Describe the pattern of knee injury percentages across the five training years.
A gradual decrease over the five years
A sharp increase followed by a plateau
A constant level with no change
Random fluctuations with no clear trend
