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U6 Review

Total questions: 107

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
3.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
4.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
5.

#3 setting Primers

a)

Ligase

b)

Helicase

c)

Polymerase

d)

Primase

6.

#4 in the picture

a)

Polymerase

b)

Primase

c)

Helicase

d)

Ligase

7.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
8.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.) 
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
9.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
10.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
11.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
12.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
13.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
14.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
15.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
16.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
17.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
18.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
19.

Which enzyme is responsible for unzipping or the DNA molecule when replication begins?

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA breakase

c)

Primase

d)

DNA polymerase

20.

Which enzyme is responsible for gluing together the Okasaki fragment on the lagging strand during DNA replication?

a)

Ligase

b)

Helicase

c)

Amaylase

d)

DNA polymerase

21.

Where does the DNA molecule unzip at during DNA replication?

a)

Between the sugar and phosphate

b)

Between the sugar and nitrogen bases

c)

Between the nitrogen bases

22.

Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an organism?

a)

The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together

b)

The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.

c)

The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule

d)

The sequences of phosphates along each DNA strand

23.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
24.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
25.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
26.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
27.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides ("The Builder")?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
28.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
d)

S Phase

e)

Telophase

29.
During which part of the cell cycle does the cell divide?
a)
Interphase
b)

M Phase

c)
S phase
d)

Anaphase

e)

Prophase

30.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)

G1

b)

S phase

c)

G2

d)

M Phase

e)

Mitosis

31.

During which part of the cell cycle does the cell grow?

a)

G1

b)

S phase

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

e)

M phase

32.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)

Metaphase

33.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Interphase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Telophase
d)

Prophase

34.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)

Telophase

35.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)

Anaphase

36.
What is shown in the picture?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Cytokinesis
d)

Telophase

37.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
a)
To create new daughter cells
b)
To prevent cancer from developing
c)
To help the body fight viruses and bacteria
d)

To make the cell grow in size

38.

Uncontrolled cell division which usually leads to tumors and disease is called:

a)

High cholesterol

b)

Blood clots

c)

Cancer

d)

Diabetes

39.

The phase of mitosis when chromosomes align in the

middle is called ________

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

40.

The first phase of mitosis is called _______________ .

a)

telophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

prophase

41.

The stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids separate:

a)

prophase

b)

anaphase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

42.

Which is NOT a phase of the cell cycle?

a)

Interphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Duplication

43.

In what phase does DNA condense to form chromosomes?

a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Anaphase
44.
Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 
a)
DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
b)
cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
c)
cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
d)
DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides
45.
In the S stage of interphase_______________
a)
the cell grows
b)
the nucleus divides
c)
the cell membrane divides
d)
the DNA is replicated
46.

What is happening in this picture?

a)

mitosis

b)

interphase

c)

cytokinesis

47.

Cells of organisms must replicate for?

a)

Growth

b)

Replacement of dying cells

c)

Repair of damaged cells

d)

All of the above

48.
What does DNA Replication mean?
a)
DNA is made.
b)
DNA makes new cells. 
c)
DNA copies itself.
d)
DNA starts the cell cycle.
49.
During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
S phase
d)
G2 phase
50.
Identify the stage of mitosis. 
a)
interphase
b)
prophase
c)
anaphase
d)
cytokinesis
51.
Identify the stage.
a)
interphase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
52.
Structure B is pointing to the _____. 
a)
chromosome
b)
centromere
c)
DNA
d)
chromatid
53.
What is the name of the structure labeled X?
a)
Centriole
b)
Centrosome
c)
Chromatid
d)
Chromosome 
54.
Before cells can divide, what must be copied?
a)
mitochondria
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
Cell Wall
55.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
56.
During which parts of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
a)
G1 and G2
b)
G1 and S
c)
M phase and cytokinesis
57.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
58.

G1, S, G2 are all part of what stage of the cell cycle?

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Interphase

c)

Mitosis

d)

Telophase

59.

Through a microscope, you observe chromatids aligning in the center of the cell. What phase of mitosis is this cell in?

a)

Telophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Prophase

60.

Which of the following does NOT occur during mitosis?

a)

Condensation of the chromosomes

b)

Separation of sister chromatids

c)

Replication of the DNA

d)

Spindle formation

61.
Identify the stage of the cell cycle while looking at the picture.
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Anaphase
62.

Cytokinesis is the first stage of mitosis.

a)

True

b)

False

63.
What phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
64.
Structure B is pointing to the _____. 
a)
chromosome
b)
centromere
c)
DNA
d)
chromatid
65.

Identify the following stage of the life cycle of the cell in the picture.

a)

interphase

b)

prophase

c)

metaphase

d)

anaphase

e)

telophase

66.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
67.

Which checkpoint involves ensuring all DNA has been replicated and "no" errors exist?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

S

68.
Which of these lists presents the stages of the cell cycle in the correct order?
a)
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
b)
cytokinesis, mitosis, interphase
c)
mitosis, interphase, cytokinesis
d)
interphase, cytokinesis, mitosis
69.

A chromosome is packaged

a)

DNA

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

70.
Chromosomes are made up of two identical sister _____________.
a)
chloroplasts
b)
nuclei
c)
chromatids 
d)
gens
71.
Which cell structure produces the spindle fibers?
a)
Centromeres
b)
Centrioles
c)
Chromatids
d)
Ribosomes
72.
Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 
a)
DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
b)
cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
c)
cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
d)
DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides
73.
Cancer creates abnormal cells by disrupting
a)
the cell cycle
b)
red blood cell formation
c)
DNA replication
d)
ATP synthesis
74.

Why is cell division regulated?

a)

To prevent uncontrolled growth

b)

To promote the formation of tumors

c)

To increase the size of multicellular organisms

d)

To stimulate the production of growth hormones

75.

What is one characteristic of cancer cells?

a)

They communicate effectively with healthy cells

b)

They anchor themselves securely like other cells

c)

They divide too frequently and uncontrollably

d)

They secrete growth hormones to promote cell division

76.

What is the purpose of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

a)

To ensure cells are growing well

b)

To check for DNA damage

c)

To prevent cells with harmful mutations from dividing

d)

All of the above

77.

What happens if a cell doesn't meet the requirements of a checkpoint?

a)

It pauses until the issue is fixed

b)

It undergoes apoptosis

c)

It continues to divide uncontrollably

d)

It enters a resting phase

78.
Why does the S phase always occur before the M phase in the cell cycle?
a)
The cell must have 2 sets of chromosomes in order to complete M phase
b)
The cell must grow to a certain size before beginning M phase
c)
The cell must complete all the necessary checkpoints in order to enter M phase
d)
The cell must begin the process of cytokinesis before beginning the M phase
79.
What is cancer?
a)
The heart does not receive enough blood.
b)
Sudden disruption of blood flow to part of the brain.
c)
Blood filled weak spot.
d)
Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
80.
Cancer creates abnormal cells by disrupting
a)
the cell cycle
b)
red blood cell formation
c)
DNA replication
d)
ATP synthesis
81.

Cancer cells do not pass cell cycle checkpoints, and so they undergo apoptosis and die.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

What is it in the structure of DNA that causes the minor differences in you and I?

a)

The sequence of the sugar and phosphates

b)

The sequence of the nitrogenous bases

c)

The number of sugars and phosphates

d)

The number of nitrogenous bases

83.

Which letter represents an organized package of DNA?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

84.

If there is 35% Adenine bases in someone's DNA, how much Thymine is there?

a)

35%

b)

15%

85.

If there is 35% Adenine bases in someone's DNA, how much Cytosine is there?

a)

35%

b)

15%

86.

Put the steps of DNA replication in the correct order:

a)

A, B, C, D, E

b)

D, E, B, C, A

c)

C, B, E, D, A

d)

E, D, C, B, A

87.

Explain how the failure of p53 can lead to the formation of cancer cells.

a)

p53 failure allows cells to skip mitosis.

b)

p53 failure allows cells to divide without proper regulation, leading to cancer.

c)

p53 failure causes cells to stop dividing.

d)

p53 failure results in the death of non-cancer cells.

88.

Describe the typical process of cell division in non-cancer cells.

a)

Cells divide randomly without any regulation.

b)

Cells divide through a series of phases ending with mitosis, regulated by p53.

c)

Cells divide only when they are damaged.

d)

Cells divide by fusing with other cells.

89.

Predict the consequences of a malfunctioning p53 protein in a cell.

a)

The cell will stop dividing permanently.

b)

The cell may divide uncontrollably, potentially leading to cancer.

c)

The cell will become immune to cancer.

d)

The cell will undergo apoptosis immediately.

90.

What strategic approach could be used to study the transition of non-cancer cells to cancer cells?

a)

Ignore the role of p53 and focus on other proteins.

b)

Analyze the cell cycle and the role of p53 in regulating cell division.

c)

Study only the final stages of cancer development.

d)

Focus solely on the genetic material of non-cancer cells.

91.

What is apoptosis? What is its purpose?

a)

Programmed cell death to eliminate unnecessary cells

b)

The process of cell division

c)

The process in which a cell specializes in structure and function

d)

The process of DNA replication

92.

Imagine you are observing a cell in a lab during the G1 phase of interphase. What would be the primary activity of the cell during this phase?

a)

The cell is dividing into two

b)

The cell is dying

c)

The cell is growing and preparing for DNA replication

d)

The cell is differentiating into a specific type

93.

Imagine you are observing a cell under a microscope. What would you expect to see during the S phase of the cell's life cycle?

a)

The cell is in a resting phase

b)

The cell is dividing

c)

The cell is replicating its DNA

d)

The cell is growing

94.

What causes cancer?

a)

Errors in the regulatory process of the cell cycle that results in uncontrolled cell growth

b)

There is no known cause for cancer

c)

Viruses and other pathogens

d)

Catching it from someone you know that has cancer

95.

Why does the cell cycle occur? Check all that apply:

a)

To ensure the body has a fresh supply of healthy cells

b)

To repair any damaged cells, such as after a wound or injury

c)

When an organisms grows

96.

_________________ is a critical point where stop and go signals can regulate the cell cycle.

a)

Metastasis

b)

Checkpoint

c)

Apoptosis

d)

Cancer

97.

Cancer is defined as the

a)

uncontrolled division of mutated cells

b)

normal division of cells

c)

normal DNA replication

d)

abnormal ATP synthesis

98.
When it occurs at the proper time, programmed cell death (apoptosis)
a)
will disrupt homeostasis
b)
may cause defective genetic info to be passed to the next generation of cells
c)
is an important regulatory process that maintains the health of a multicellular organism
d)
can contribute to the development of cancer
99.

Cell programmed self destruction is called

a)

Atopic

b)

Apoptosis

c)

Abi-normal

d)

Anticellular

100.
Which of the following explains why a cell's size is limited?
a)
a. volume increases faster than surface area
b)
b. surface area increases faster than volume
c)
c. homeostasis is disrupted by a cell that is too large
d)
d. both a and c are correct
101.
The structures that hold together sister chromatids
a)
tissues
b)
chromosomes
c)
spindle
d)
centromeres
102.

When a eukaryotic cell is not dividing, its genetic material can be found in the form of very long thin fibers called

a)

chromatin

b)

chromosomes

c)

the nucleolus

d)

RNA

103.

A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have

a)

4

b)

6

c)

12

d)

24

104.

What is cancer caused by?

a)

A cell membrane damage

b)

A mutation in the DNA either naturally or by the environment

c)

Poisoning

d)

Immune-system damage

105.

Healthy cells will ....

a)

never divide.

b)

divide, but maintain a consistent number of cells.

c)

divide slowly and die off quickly.

d)

divide without a limit and increase in number rapidly.

106.

Cancer cells will ....

a)

never divide.

b)

divide, but maintain a consistent number of cells.

c)

divide slowly and die off quickly.

d)

divide without a limit and increase in number rapidly.

107.

One of the characteristics of life is that all living things have a limited lifespan. If fact, most cells can only divide about 50 times before they die. This pre-programmed cell death is called ....

a)

meiosis.

b)

apoptosis.

c)

mutation.

d)

mitosis.

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