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WorksheetsPage 1
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins
The sperm cell is one of the largest and most specialized cells in the male body.
False
True
Which phase of the menstrual cycle begins at ovulation and ends at the onset of menses?
Proliferative phase
Menstrual phase
Follicular phase
Luteal phase
Which structure of the uterine tube primarily captures the ovum at ovulation?
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Fimbriae
Isthmus
During the luteal phase, which hormone predominates to prepare the endometrium for implantation?
Estrogen
Progesterone
LH
FSH
Which event triggers the transition from the follicular phase to ovulation in a typical cycle?
GnRH inhibition
FSH surge
Progesterone drop
LH surge
Where does fertilization most commonly occur within the female reproductive tract?
Fimbrial region
Ampulla of fallopian tube
Cervical canal
Uterine cavity
Which description best characterizes the secretory phase of the endometrium?
Glandular secretion and stromal edema
Shedding of functional layer
Rapid mitotic growth of glands
Dominant follicle selection
Which statement about fimbriae is most accurate?
They propel sperm through the uterus
They sweep the oocyte into the infundibulum
They produce progesterone after ovulation
They form the cervical mucus plug
Which pituitary hormone directly stimulates ovarian follicle maturation before ovulation?
ACTH
FSH
TSH
Prolactin
Immediately following ovulation, the ruptured follicle reorganizes into which temporary endocrine structure?
Corpus albicans
Corpus luteum
Graafian follicle
Antral follicle
Which structure is the female gonad responsible for producing ova?
Uterus
Vulva
Oviduct
Ovaries
Which tube carries the ovum from the ovary to the uterus?
Urethra
Oviduct
Vas deferens
Cervix
Which term refers collectively to the external female genitalia?
Mons pubis
Labia minora
Vagina
Vulva
What are the female gametes involved in sexual reproduction?
Zygotes
Follicles
Ova
Sperm
Which temporary endocrine structure forms after ovulation to secrete progesterone?
Endometrium
Fimbriae
Graafian follicle
Corpus luteum
A mature ovum enclosed within its follicular sac is best described as which structure?
Corpus albicans
Graafian follicle
Polar body
Primary oocyte
Which pairing correctly matches organ with primary function in early pregnancy support?
Corpus luteum—progesterone secretion
Oviduct—embryo implantation
Vulva—oocyte maturation
Ovary—placenta formation
Failure of the oviduct to capture an ovum most directly increases the risk of which event?
Ectopic fertilization in peritoneal cavity
Spermatogenesis within the ovary
Immediate implantation in endometrium
Progesterone surge from corpus albicans
During a typical menstrual cycle, which sequence of structures is the ovum expected to transit?
Ovary → oviduct → uterus
Oviduct → vulva → uterus
Uterus → ovary → oviduct
Vulva → uterus → ovary
Progesterone primarily acts on which tissue to maintain it after ovulation?
Cervical mucus
Myometrium
Endometrium
Vulvar epithelium
Which ovarian structure releases the oocyte at ovulation?
Primary follicle in cortex
Corpus luteum after ovulation
Graafian follicle at maturity
Secondary oocyte in infundibulum
Which term names the lower part of the uterus continuous with the vagina?
Body with endometrial lining
Cervix forming the neck
Isthmus between body and cervix
Fundus at superior dome
During which uterine phase does the endometrium thicken between menses and ovulation?
Secretory phase after ovulation
Proliferative phase pre‑ovulation
Menstrual phase during shedding
Luteal phase under progesterone
What is the part of the uterus located above the entrances of the fallopian tubes?
Body central cavity
Isthmus narrow segment
Cervix inferior neck
Fundus superior dome
Which structure receives sperm during intercourse and forms the terminal birth canal?
Vulva external vestibule
Uterine cavity within body
Cervical canal with mucus
Vagina muscular tube
What term refers to the first occurrence of menstruation in a female?
Amenorrhea absent flow
Dysmenorrhea painful cramps
Menopause end of cycles
Menarche initial menses
Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation?
FSH stimulating follicles
LH mid‑cycle surge
Progesterone luteal support
Estrogen endometrial growth
A patient has cervical stenosis. Which reproductive function is most directly affected?
Oocyte release from ovary
Sperm passage into uterus
Endometrium shedding in menses
Fimbriae capture of oocyte
After the proliferative phase, which uterine phase follows immediately if fertilization does not occur?
Secretory phase under progesterone
Menstrual phase with bleeding
Follicular phase in ovary
Ovulatory phase releasing oocyte
Which structure transforms into the corpus luteum after ovulation?
Fimbriae of the tube
Graafian follicle remnant
Endometrial glands
Cervical stroma
Which hormone primarily stimulates growth of several immature ovarian follicles at the start of a cycle?
Luteinizing hormone surge triggers ovulation
Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes follicle growth
Progesterone stabilizes the endometrial lining
Estrogen initiates luteal phase maintenance
During a normal cycle, what is the most direct role of luteinizing hormone in ovarian function?
Maintains corpus luteum progesterone
Promotes granulosa mitosis throughout folliculogenesis
Triggers ovulation of the dominant follicle
Initiates endometrial shedding and menses
Benign enlargements on one or both ovaries are best described as which condition?
Premenstrual syndrome with cyclical symptoms
Ovarian cysts forming fluid-filled sacs
Pelvic inflammatory disease infection
Endometriosis with ectopic endometrium
A collection of cyclical symptoms during the secretory phase is characteristic of which condition?
Amenorrhea with absent menstruation
Primary dysmenorrhea with painful cramps
Premenstrual syndrome involving multiple symptoms
Ovarian torsion with acute pain
Painful periods without pelvic pathology are most accurately termed what?
Menorrhagia with heavy bleeding
Oligomenorrhea infrequent cycles
Primary dysmenorrhea causing cramping
Premenstrual syndrome mood changes
Which hormone is most responsible for selecting a dominant follicle from the cohort?
Prolactin reducing LH pulses
Progesterone by suppressing GnRH
Follicle-stimulating hormone via granulosa support
Estrogen through luteal feedback
If follicle-stimulating hormone is reduced early in the cycle, which immediate effect is most likely?
Earlier LH surge and ovulation
Fewer follicles enter growth phase
Increased progesterone production
Thicker secretory endometrium forms
Which statement best distinguishes premenstrual syndrome from primary dysmenorrhea?
Dysmenorrhea lacks pain as a feature
Dysmenorrhea occurs only after ovulation
PMS is limited to uterine prostaglandins
PMS centers on cyclical multisystem symptoms
Which clinical finding most supports a diagnosis of ovarian cysts rather than PMS?
Cyclical mood and bloating symptoms
Benign fluid-filled enlargement on ovary
Cramping confined to menses onset
Headache resolving after menstruation
A surge in luteinizing hormone most immediately produces which event in the ovary?
Corpus luteum regression and menses
Dominant follicle rupture releasing oocyte
Follicle recruitment and growth initiation
Endometrial basal layer proliferation
Which term refers to painful menstruation characterized by cramping pelvic pain?
Amenorrhea
Uterine myoma
Endometriosis
Dysmenorrhea
An inflammation of the uterine tubes is best described as which condition?
Salpingitis
Endometritis
Oophoritis
Cervicitis
Which term denotes the absence of normal menstruation?
Dysmenorrhea
Amenorrhea
Menorrhagia
Metrorrhagia
Irregular or excessive uterine bleeding most often resulting from hormonal imbalance is called what?
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Postcoital bleeding
Polymenorrhea
Breakthrough bleeding
The presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside the uterus defines which disorder?
Adenomyosis
Endometritis
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Endometriosis
Benign tumors composed of uterine fibrous or smooth muscle tissue are referred to as what?
Ovarian cyst
Leiomyosarcoma
Uterine myoma
Endometrial polyp
Which clinical finding most strongly supports a diagnosis of salpingitis?
Ectopic endometrium patches
Tubal inflammation on exam
Absent menstrual cycles
Painful menstrual cramping
A patient reports cyclic pelvic pain and infertility. Laparoscopy reveals ectopic endometrial implants. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Dysmenorrhea
Uterine myoma
Amenorrhea
Endometriosis
Heavy, unpredictable uterine bleeding without structural lesions is most consistent with which diagnosis?
Salpingitis
Endometriosis
Uterine myoma
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Firm, well-circumscribed uterine masses causing pressure symptoms are typically which of the following?
Uterine myoma
Endometriosis
Salpingitis
Amenorrhea
An inflammation of the ovaries is termed:
Cervicitis inflammation of the cervix
Metritis inflammation of the uterus
Oophoritis inflammation of the ovaries
Salpingitis inflammation of the tubes
The orifice of the urethra is ________ to the vaginal opening.
Medial relative to the vaginal opening
Lateral relative to the vaginal opening
Posterior relative to the vaginal opening
Anterior relative to the vaginal opening
Which hormone triggers follicular rupture and expulsion of the oocyte during ovulation?
Estrogen peaks in late follicular phase
Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates follicle growth
Progesterone stabilizes the endometrium
Luteinizing hormone triggers ovulation
Which structure lies anterior to the vagina in female pelvic anatomy?
Uterus superior to the bladder
Rectum posterior to the vagina
Bladder anterior to the vagina
Ovary lateral to the uterus
Identify the correct pairing of term and organ for inflammation:
Salpingitis inflammation of uterus
Cystitis inflammation of cervix
Endometritis inflammation of oviduct
Oophoritis inflammation of ovaries
During the menstrual cycle, the LH surge most immediately precedes:
Ovulation oocyte release
Follicular recruitment selection
Corpus luteum regression
Endometrial shedding menstruation
If a patient’s urethral meatus is positioned abnormally posterior to the vaginal opening, which functional issue is most likely?
Impaired ovarian hormone production
Altered direction of urine stream
Elevated risk of rectal prolapse
Increased risk of urinary retention
Which statement best distinguishes FSH from LH in ovarian function?
FSH promotes granulosa cell proliferation
LH maintains follicular growth primarily
FSH drives ovulation directly
LH reduces estrogen synthesis early
A patient presents with pelvic pain and fever. Imaging shows enlarged ovaries. The most likely diagnosis is:
Vaginitis vaginal mucosa inflammation
Cervicitis cervical canal inflammation
Oophoritis ovarian inflammation
Endometritis endometrial inflammation
Choose the correct anatomical relation among bladder, urethra, and vagina:
Bladder posterior to vagina
Urethra anterior to vagina
Vagina anterior to bladder
Urethra posterior to bladder
Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is also called the ovulating hormone?
Luteinizing hormone
Estrogen
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Progesterone
FSH primarily stimulates which process in the ovary?
Follicle growth and maturation
Progesterone secretion rise
Endometrium thickening
Corpus luteum regression
Which ovarian hormone is produced by the corpus luteum and maintains the endometrium during early pregnancy?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Inhibin
Testosterone
Which statement best describes estrogen’s role in the female reproductive system?
Stimulates endometrium growth
Triggers ovulation onset
Maintains corpus luteum
Downregulates pituitary FSH
Which of the following is not true regarding fluid produced by the seminal vesicles?
Acts as a precoital penile lubricant
Provides energy for motile sperm
Rich in the sugar fructose
Contributes about sixty percent of semen
Which gland produces the precoital lubricant for the penis?
Epididymis
Bulbourethral glands
Prostate gland
Seminal vesicles
Predict the effect of LH surge on ovarian follicles during a typical cycle.
Suppresses follicle growth
Initiates ovulation of a mature follicle
Stimulates corpus luteum apoptosis
Induces endometrial shedding
A patient has insufficient progesterone after ovulation. Which immediate uterine consequence is most likely?
Accelerated follicle maturation
Reduced endometrial maintenance
Enhanced cervical mucus acidity
Increased uterine smooth muscle tone
Which component of semen most directly provides metabolic fuel for sperm motility?
Seminal fructose
Prostatic citrate
Bulbourethral mucins
Testicular androgens
Which statement aligns with typical volumes and sources of seminal fluid?
Half produced by prostate alone
About sixty percent from seminal vesicles
Most volume from testes
Majority from bulbourethral glands
Candida albicans causes an opportunistic infection characterized by leukorrhea. True or false?
True
False
Only in infants
Only after antibiotics
Candida albicans is best described as which type of organism?
A viral pathogen
A fungus causing candidiasis
A gram-negative bacterium
A protozoan parasite
Which feature most directly explains leukorrhea in candidiasis?
Increased estrogen in circulation
Inflammation of vaginal epithelium
Destruction of lactobacilli flora
Overgrowth of fungal hyphae
Spermatogonia are primarily which of the following?
Mature spermatozoa
Cells with 23 chromosomes
Stem cells for sperm
Daughter cells from meiosis
What is the chromosome number in spermatogonia before meiosis?
24 chromosomes aneuploid
23 chromosomes haploid
46 chromosomes diploid
32 chromosomes tetraploid
Following meiosis in males, the immediate daughter cells are called what?
Primary oocytes
Spermatogonia
Spermatids
Zygotes
Which sequence correctly traces male germ cell development?
Primary spermatocytes → spermatogonia → spermatozoa
Spermatozoa → spermatogonia → spermatids
Spermatogonia → spermatids → spermatozoa
Spermatids → spermatogonia → spermatozoa
During spermatogenesis, reduction from 46 to 23 chromosomes occurs at which stage?
Epididymal maturation of sperm
Spermiogenesis sculpting sperm
Meiotic divisions forming spermatids
Mitotic amplification of spermatogonia
Which statement distinguishes spermatids from spermatozoa?
Spermatids are motile cells
Spermatozoa lack an acrosome
Spermatozoa are diploid cells
Spermatids are post-meiotic haploid
A patient presents with whitish vaginal discharge and pruritus. Which pathogen most likely underlies the infection?
Human papillomavirus
Trichomonas vaginalis protozoa
Candida albicans fungus
Escherichia coli bacterium
Infertility is the inability to conceive when desired.
False
True
The number of spermatids formed by one primary spermatocyte is:
four
two
six
eight
Define clinical infertility in terms of time and intercourse conditions.
Failure to conceive after 6 months of protected intercourse
Failure to conceive after 1 year of unprotected intercourse
Failure to conceive after 2 years of protected intercourse
Failure to conceive after 3 months of unprotected intercourse
During spermatogenesis, spermatids possess how many chromosomes?
22 chromosomes each
23 chromosomes each
46 chromosomes each
24 chromosomes each
Which process leads a primary spermatocyte to produce spermatids?
Parthenogenesis
Binary fission
Meiosis followed by cytokinesis
Mitosis only
Select the most accurate description of spermatids before they become sperm cells.
Polyploid cells with extra centrosomes
Motile cells with a full tail
Diploid cells ready to fertilize
Haploid cells lacking mature flagella
If a primary spermatocyte fails meiosis II, what immediate outcome occurs?
Eight haploid sperm cells are formed
Four haploid spermatids are formed
Two diploid spermatids are formed
No spermatids are formed
Which statement best differentiates infertility from subfertility?
Infertility is absolute sterility; subfertility means rare conception
Infertility involves difficulty conceiving; subfertility is effortless conception
Infertility always results in live birth; subfertility does not
Infertility is defined by time criteria; subfertility lacks strict duration
Meiosis in male germ cells reduces chromosome number. What is the reduction pattern?
From 46 to 46 in one division
From 46 to 23 across two divisions
From 23 to 46 across one division
From 92 to 46 across one division
How many functional sperm cells typically arise from four spermatids after maturation?
One functional sperm cell
Two functional sperm cells
Three functional sperm cells
Four functional sperm cells
The bulbourethral glands are also known as:
Cowper glands
Meibomian glands
Bartholin glands
Skene glands
Normal sperm production requires:
a temperature above normal body temperature
a temperature below normal body temperature
no specific temperature
normal body temperature
Which statement best describes the secretion from bulbourethral glands?
An acidic seminal plug
An enzyme-rich ejaculate
A neutral mucous barrier
An alkaline precoital fluid
Which anatomical feature helps maintain the required temperature for spermatogenesis?
Scrotal positioning outside body cavity
Epididymal enzymatic cooling
Prostate’s internal heat regulation
Penile vascular countercurrent
If the testes remain intra‑abdominal postnatally, what is the most likely impact on sperm production?
Impaired due to higher temperature
Enhanced by warmer environment
Unaffected across adulthood
Improved only during puberty
Which female gland is homologous to the male bulbourethral glands?
Bartholin glands in the vestibule
Skene glands near urethra
Greater vestibular sweat glands
Paraurethral Meibomian glands
During sexual arousal, what is a primary function of Cowper glands?
Release testosterone hormone
Neutralize urethral acidity
Increase sperm motility directly
Produce fructose‑rich semen
Which mechanism primarily lowers testicular temperature below core body temperature?
Seminal vesicle contraction
Bulbourethral mucous secretion
Prostatic urethra dilation
Pampiniform plexus heat exchange
Which clinical finding most strongly suggests compromised spermatogenesis due to temperature?
Increased prostatic citrate levels
Hyperplasia of Bartholin glands
Hypertrophy of Cowper glands
Varicocele of the pampiniform plexus
A patient with obstructed bulbourethral ducts is most likely to experience which issue?
Reduced urethral lubrication
Loss of seminal fructose
Decreased testosterone synthesis
Impaired epididymal storage
The outer third of the fallopian tube is where __________ most often occurs.
implantation
fertilization
ovulation
menarche
Allowing the testes to hang in the scrotum primarily maintains a temperature about 3°C __________ than core body temperature.
identical
higher
variable
lower
Which structure is the typical site of implantation after fertilization?
cervix
uterus
vagina
ovary
Ovulation is best described as the __________.
attachment of embryo
ejection of sperm cells
rupture of a mature follicle
fusion of gamete nuclei
Menarche refers to the __________.
time of implantation
end of menstrual function
beginning of menstrual function
time of ovulation
Normal sperm production is compromised at temperatures __________.
equal to core temperature
lower than scrotal temperature
oscillating around fever range
higher than body temperature
Which statement best explains why the scrotum is external to the body cavity?
to reduce hydrostatic pressure
to maintain cooler temperature
to minimize hormonal fluctuations
to prevent urinary mixing
Fertilization typically occurs in which specific region of the reproductive tract?
cervical canal
outer third of uterine tube
uterine fundus
ovarian cortex
The urethra runs through the center of the __________.
epididymis
prostate gland
corpus spongiosum
corpus cavernosum
Choose the most accurate sequence in human reproduction.
menarche → implantation → fertilization
fertilization → ovulation → menarche
implantation → fertilization → ovulation
ovulation → fertilization → implantation
Which gland has the urethra running through its center and serves dual functions for urine and sperm?
Prostate gland central urethral passageway
Cowper gland beneath prostate empties into urethra
Seminal vesicle higher and lateral to bladder
Bulbourethral gland below prostate into urethra
Where are the Cowper (bulbourethral) glands located relative to the prostate?
Within testes near epididymis
Beneath prostate emptying into urethra
Inside prostate surrounding urethra
Above bladder near seminal vesicle
Which statement correctly describes the seminal vesicle in relation to the urethra?
Urethra runs through seminal vesicle center
Seminal vesicle lies higher and lateral to bladder
Seminal vesicle empties directly into urethra
Seminal vesicle located beneath prostate gland
Which structure is NOT part of the vulva?
Mons pubis fatty pad at symphysis pubis
Labia majora large external lips
Perineum between vaginal opening and anus
Clitoris erectile tissue of external genitalia
What is the functional role of the urethra as it passes through the prostate?
Transports semen only during ejaculation
Serves as passageway for urine and sperm
Stores sperm before ejaculation
Carries urine only from bladder
Which pair of glands empties into the urethra but is not traversed by it?
Seminal vesicles lateral to bladder
Epididymis and seminiferous tubules
Prostate central urethral passageway
Cowper and bulbourethral glands
Identify the anatomical location best describing the perineum.
Superior to bladder near urethra
Lateral to labia majora folds
Between vaginal opening and anus
Between mons pubis and clitoris
Which option accurately contrasts prostate and seminal vesicle positions?
Prostate lies higher and lateral to bladder
Seminal vesicle located beneath prostate
Seminal vesicle surrounds urethral center
Prostate encloses urethra centrally
Choose the correct association of clitoris with tissue type.
Cartilaginous support structure
Fibrous connective tissue primarily
Glandular secretory organ
Erectile tissue part of the vulva
Which description of bulbourethral glands is most accurate?
Lie higher and lateral to bladder
Located beneath prostate and empty into urethra
Form central passageway for urine and sperm
Constitute the large external labial folds
Which screening method is specifically used to detect cervical cancer?
Serum CA-125 biomarker assay
Papanicolaou (Pap) cytology test
HPV DNA co-testing protocol
Transvaginal pelvic ultrasound
At what age range does cervical cancer most commonly occur in women?
Between 20 and 30 years
Between 30 and 50 years
Between 50 and 70 years
After 70 years of age
Which statement best characterizes uterine fibroids during reproductive years?
They are rare benign neoplasms
They are infectious granulomatous lesions
They are common benign tumors
They are malignant smooth muscle cancers
Select the term that is synonymous with uterine fibroid.
Adenocarcinoma
Leiomyoma
Endometrioma
Teratoma
Why is routine Pap testing recommended for sexually active women?
To measure serum estrogen fluctuations
To screen for cervical dysplasia and cancer
To diagnose ovarian torsion early
To detect endometrial polyps reliably
Which factor directly increases risk for cervical dysplasia requiring more frequent screening?
Nulliparity without contraception
Persistent high-risk HPV infection
Low dietary calcium intake
Prior appendectomy history
A 35-year-old has heavy menstrual bleeding and a firm, irregularly enlarged uterus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Endometrial carcinoma
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas)
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Ovarian cystic neoplasm
Which mechanism explains how Pap cytology reduces cervical cancer mortality?
Eradicates HPV infection prophylactically
Identifies precancerous cytologic changes early
Detects invasive carcinoma only
Quantifies circulating tumor DNA precisely
If fibroids are common in reproductive years, which clinical implication is most reasonable?
Consider anemia from menorrhagia risk
Plan routine CA-125 monitoring
Avoid pelvic exams to prevent growth
Expect frequent postmenopausal onset
Which pair correctly matches term and description for uterine fibroid?
Fibromyoma: benign smooth muscle mass
Teratoma: benign fibrous uterine lesion
Myoma: malignant endometrial tumor
Endometrioma: benign uterine muscle tumor
The structures on the female that are analogous to the male penis and scrotum are:
uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina
clitoris and vulva
ovaries and ova
estrogen and progesterone
Which of the following structures is not classified as internal structures of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries
Uterine tubes
Vagina
Which structure is described as the external genitalia of the female reproductive system?
Vulva
Vagina
Uterus
Ovary
Where are the ovaries located relative to the uterus?
Internal on either side
External below it
External in front
Internal behind it
Which statement best distinguishes uterine tubes from ovaries and vagina in location?
Uterine tubes are internal and attached to the uterus
Uterine tubes are external and below the uterus
Uterine tubes are internal and below the uterus
Uterine tubes are external and attached to the ovaries
Which organ extends downward below the uterus and is internal?
Vagina
Vulva
Cervix
Bladder
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the male reproductive system?
Gonads
Vas deferens
Epididymis
Penis
In the male, which structures are considered essential organs?
Prostate gland
Vasa deferentia
Epididymides
Gonads or testes
How many epididymides and vasa deferentia are present in the typical male anatomy?
Two epididymides and one vas deferens
One epididymis and one vas deferens
Two epididymides and two vasa deferentia
One epididymis and two vasa deferentia
Which statement correctly classifies the penis within the male reproductive system?
Accessory organ and external genitalia
Essential organ and internal duct
Accessory organ and internal duct
Essential organ and external duct
Which of the following glands is NOT paired in the male reproductive system?
Cowper’s glands
Bulbourethral glands
Seminal glands
Prostate gland
Arrange these structures by location: vulva, vagina, uterus.
External, internal central, internal above
Internal below, internal central, external
Internal central, external, internal below
External, internal below, internal central
Which male accessory gland is a single gland located just below the bladder and described as doughnut-shaped?
Bulbourethral gland
Prostate gland
Seminal vesicle
Cowper’s gland
Decreased sperm production is termed:
Azoospermia
Oligospermia
Cryptorchidism
Hypospadias
The acrosome of the sperm primarily enables the sperm to:
Bind to Sertoli cell receptors
Penetrate the oocyte zona pellucida
Determine the offspring’s sex
Generate ATP for motility
Which glands are paired accessory glands in the male reproductive tract?
Prostate glands
Seminal vesicles
Bulbourethral glands
Both B and C
Which condition most directly leads to male infertility by reducing sperm count rather than blocking sperm transport?
Epididymal agenesis at birth
Oligospermia with low sperm number
Prostatic hyperplasia obstruction
Varicocele in pampiniform plexus
Which structure secretes enzymes like hyaluronidase that facilitate egg penetration?
Midpiece mitochondria
Acrosome cap
Head nucleus
Tail axoneme
Cowper’s glands are another name for which structures?
Bulbourethral glands
Seminal vesicles
Prostate ducts
Epididymal glands
Which statement correctly contrasts the prostate with the seminal vesicles?
Prostate is paired; vesicles are single
Prostate lies above bladder; vesicles below
Prostate is single; vesicles are paired
Both are single midline glands
