The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because:

Select the two hormones that are produced by the posterior pituitary gland

What does Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) target and what does it do?

Dr. Primack presents to the Emergency Department with a laceration from Cross Fit training. They stitch up the laceration and he is completely fine, but a full hormone panel is done nevertheless. The results? Low LH and FSH and low serum testosterone. What deficiency is responsible for this?

A 45 year old Shaquille O’Neal is visiting his primary care physician. This physician notices that Shaquille O’Neal possesses abnormally large ears, an abnormally large nose, and coarse, thickened skin. Bloodwork will later show elevated Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, but the physician can expect which hormone to be the cause of these features indicative of acromegaly?

Jack is a student who is unfortunately missing both lungs. Don’t worry, he’s on ECMO, so he’s receiving adequate perfusion. However, his blood pressure is dropping. Why is this happening?

Our homeboy Jack is back and he’s got some lungs again. Unfortunately, he was taking Organic Chemistry right after his transplant, and his grades drove him to some severe binge drinking and now his skin is yellow :( . Why would this make his blood pressure drop and make him hyponatremic?

Select the hormone that increases blood pressure and water retention through an increase in sodium retention

Kevin just got through his fellowship and is now an attending physician. Kevin and his wife are looking forward to having kids, and Kevin, being a physician, wants to get an idea of his fertility markers. He begins by conducting a full hormone panel. A deficiency in which hormone would raise the biggest concern for Kevin?

Jessica presents to the Emergency Department showing substantial skeletal muscle atrophy, hypertension, and flu-like symptoms. Physicians have traced the cause of this to an abnormality of a region of the adrenal glands. Which region is responsible?

A patient has a blood glucose level of 315 mg/dL. (This is pretty high, if you didn’t know.) What hormone is this patient in desperate need of?

Renin is produced by which organ?

Your patient presents to the Emergency Department unconscious. The Emergency Medical Technicians inform you that he has a blood glucose level of 10 (Extremely low). The EMT’s are in Arizona, meaning they legally could not administer which hormone targeting the liver to restore the patient’s blood sugar?

A prohormone is defined as a physiological precursor of a more bioactive hormone. Which of the following would be considered a prohormone?

Once T4 is converted to T3, it regulates metabolic activity throughout the body outside of a few organs. Which organs are not directly affected by T3?

Teenage boys today have taken to using Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Aromatase Inhibitors to inhibit the activity of estrogen, as well as the overall amount of estrogen, in their bodies to increase their height before their growth plates close. Why is this a horrible idea?

Recent studies have been conducted to assess whether administration of a small amount of a particular hormone to individuals suffering from autism can improve their ability to form meaningful, emotional connections with the people in their lives. Which hormone is this? [Hint: This hormone plays a key role in bonding between partners]

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) helps regulate serum calcium levels via an interesting mechanism. What is it?

I was forced to sell my left kidney in Columbia for some quick cash so that I could buy fruit snacks from HerdStop after my dining dollars ran out. Even though I solved one problem, I created another problem. Which hormone deficiency can I potentially expect?

As a side effect of eating too much Taco Bell, Michael has killed off all of the parietal cells he once had. What deficiency can Michael effect?

The duodenum in particular produces a hormone that works in conjunction with cholecystokinin. What hormone is this?

Despite his parents being as tan as Ken and Barbie at the beach, Liam is so pale that he is almost translucent. It’s honestly horrifying, but that’s beside the point. What hormone is Liam likely lacking?

Select the hormone that is NOT produced by the hypothalamus.

If you see a hormone abbreviation ending in “SH,” you should automatically know it is produced in the:

If you see a hormone abbreviation ending in “RH,” you should automatically know it is produced in the:

Alcohol directly suppresses the production of ADH. What does this do?

Sometimes, men develop a tumor on their pituitary gland called a prolactinoma. This results in supraphysiological secretion of prolactin. What would this cause?

Victor Wembanyama is a seven foot, three and three-quarters inches eighteen-year-old from France who is a once-in-a-generation basketball player. By the age of thirteen, he had reached a height of six foot eight inches. What condition did doctors likely suspect Victor had at this age?

Around 85% of the twenty tallest human beings to ever live had some sort of pituitary abnormality, often a tumor. Which hormone was likely the most affected in these individuals?

Carissa is approximately 42 weeks pregnant. You heard that right. Making things worse, this baby is thought to be about ten pounds. Production of which hormone will result in labor?

Which hormone is directly linked to IGF-1 levels?

The Zona Reticularis helps produce some androgens (important in women, especially) and neurosteroids. Which tissues are affected by these products?

Select the answer that is not a function of Parathyroid Hormone

What hormone does the pineal gland release?

What is another name for growth hormone?

I have begun an intense regimen of eating as many Oreos as I can throughout the day. As a result, I have become exceedingly insulin resistant. What condition am I going to develop if I have not developed it already?

What do exocrine glands do?

Match the hormone to the pancreatic cell responsible for producing the particular hormone.

What kind of hormone is insulin?

Which type of diabetes is an autoimmune disorder often identified while the patient is still a child?

After waiting in line for 2 hours you finally get to eat your Chick-Fil-A. Right after taking the first bite of your chicken sandwich your small intestine releases what hormone?

Which hormone is released in response to high blood glucose levels to facilitate the uptake and storage of glucose in cells, thus lowering blood sugar levels?

Which hormone is released in response to low blood glucose levels to stimulate the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and increase blood glucose levels?

What do fluids in the cardiovascular system regulate?

What kind of tissue is Blood?

What makes blood fluid?

What are the 3 formed elements of blood?

What is the main defense in the body against disease and infection?

What is the most abundant plasma protein?

What substances does albumin transport?

Where are 90% of plasma proteins made?

What would happen to plasma protein production with liver disease?

What are plasma cells derived from?

What is Hematocrit (Hct, crit, or PVC)?

Where are RBC’s destroyed when damaged or at the end of their life span?

What is the life span of RBC’s?

Why is carbon monoxide so deadly?

What do the macrophages of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow do to RBC’s?

What blood type is known as the universal donor?

Why is O Negative the universal donor?

Type O has no antigens present, so why can someone with type O negative blood accept type A or B negative blood?

What would cause an increase in Neutrophils?

What would cause an increase in Eosinophils?

What is the main target in allergy medications?

What secretes histamines?

What is thrombocytosis?

What is the function of VonWillebrand Factor?

What is hemophilia? Is it more common in males or females?

Will someone who is a hemophiliac bleed for a longer period of time or bleed more rapidly when compared to someone with normal clotting factor levels?

What does GP IIB/IIIa do?

What does aspirin block and what does this do for clot formation?

A patient is currently suffering a heart attack. The appropriate dose of aspirin in this situation is 81 mg of aspirin × 4 (324 mg). Is the aspirin going to get rid of the clot, or prevent it from getting worse?