Font size
WorksheetsPharmacology Week 2: Intro Part II
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 14mins
A 3-week-old neonatal patient is prescribed an oral antibiotic. Which physiologic factor most likely affects the neonate's absorption of the drug?
Increased gastric acidity
Faster gastric emptying time
Reduced gastric acidity and slower gastric emptying
Greater intestinal flora diversity
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to an infant. Which state is most important?
Use the deltoid for fastest absorption.
Use the smallest syringe that ensures accurate measurement.
Always administer in the gluteal muscle for infant.
Avoid topical anesthetic before injection.
Which distribution characteristic in neonates increases the volume of distribution for water-soluble drugs?
High body fat
Decreased total body water
Increased total body water (~75%)
Increased plasma protein binding
Which renal factor in infants reduces drug elimination?
Increased renal tubular function
Increased GFR
Mature kidney mass
Decreased renal blood flow and GFR
Which are important pediatric safety strategies when administering medications? (SATA)
Double-check math and calculations
Use smallest accurate syringe
Allow parents to prepare doses unsupervised
Confirm units of measurement with family
Which physiologic change in the older adult decreases drug clearance and often requires dose reductions?
Increased hepatic blood flow
Increased renal function
Decreased hepatic blood flow and decreased kidney function
Increased CYP450 enzyme activity
Which intervention best supports adherence in an older adult taking multiple daily medications?
Provide a complex dosing schedule to match old routines
Encourage a simple dosing schedule and use memory aids
Assume the patient understands because they are independent
Give instructions only once during hospitalization
Which statement about Beers Criteria is true?
It identifies medications potentially inappropriate for older adults.
It lists medications safe for pediatric use
It is a list of narcotics
It mandates prescriptions
A nurse is teaching an older adult with low vision about a new medication. Which action is best?
Provide instructions in small font.
Use medical jargon to be precise.
Rely solely on family to pass along instructions.
Provide written instructions in large, dark print and speak clearly.
Which of the "rights" of medication administration includes documenting an omitted dose?
Right patient
Right documentation
Right route
Right drug
A patient on warfarin (an anticoagulant) is at increased bleeding risk. Which age-related change contributes most to this risk in older adults?
Increased liver mass
Increased renal excretion
Decreased protein binding and decreased renal function
Increased total body water
Which are system strategies to reduce medication errors? (SATA)
Encourage a culture of blame to deter mistrakes.
Medication reconciliation at each visit.
Use distraction-free medication preparation zones.
Use "do not use" abbreviations.
A toddler refuses an oral liquid antibiotic. Which is the best nursing action?
Force the child to take the medication immediately.
Mix the antibiotic with an large amount of juice.
Tell the child they will be punished if they refuse.
Try side-of-mouth administration with syringe and use simple explanation/ distraction.
Which medication is considered a high-alert medication and requires extra safegards?
Vitamin C
Insulin
Acetaminophen
Multivitamin pill
A patient in alcohol withdrawal becomes confused and has tremors and a risk for seizures. Which is the priority nursing action?
Give oral acetaminophen.
Monitor airway and provide supportive care; use benzodiazepines per protocol.
Ignore- withdrawal resolves spontaneously.
Encourage drinking to relieve symptoms.
Which pharmacologic agent is an opioid antagonist used for opioid toxicity?
Naloxone
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Naltrexone
Which patient statements suggest potential non-adherance in an older adult? (SATA)
"I cut my pills in half to save money."
"I take my medications exactly as listed."
"I stopped taking this medication because it made me dizzy."
"I didn't go to my follow-up appointment because I don't have transportation."
Which of these best described tolerance?
Physical need to use a substance to avoid withdrawal.
Diminished response to a drug after repeated use, requiring larger doses for the same effect.
Immediate cessation of craving.
Complete immunity to adverse effects.
A 76-year-old patient with polypharmacy has confusion after a new medication is started. Which is the best first nursing action?
Assume it's normal aging.
Review medication list for recent changes and potential interactions.
Discontinue all medications.
Ignore and reassess in one week.
A nurse caring for a patient with opioid overdose should anticipate what immediate nursing measure?
Give acetaminophen.
Provide stimulants.
Encourage patient to sleep it off.
Administer naloxone and support airway/breathing.
What are the preferred intramuscular injection sites? (SATA)
Deltoid
Gluteus maximus
Ventrogluteal
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
During pain preoperative pain management for a patient with opioid use disorder, which approach is correct?
Refuse to give any analgesia.
Provide adequate analgesia (multimodal) and continue opioid-use disorder treatment per policy.
Only give NSAIDS regardless of pain level.
Give double the usual opioid dose to prevent withdrawal.
One hour after receiving pain medication, a postoperative client reports intense pain. What is the nurse's most appropriate first action?
Discuss the frequency of pain medication orders with the client.
Assess the client to determine the cause of the pain
Consult with the healthcare provider for additional pain orders
Assist the client to reposition and splint the incision site
An older adult is prescribed a new antihypertensive medication and reports feeling dizzy when standing up. What is the nurse's best initial response?
Assess for orthostatic hypotension and review the medication regimen for potential side effects.
Tell the patient dizziness is expected and will resolve on its own.
Advise the patient to stop taking the medication immediately.
Increase the medication dose to improve blood pressure control.
What is the primary reason older adults are at increased risk for adverse drug reactions?
They require higher doses of all medications.
They have increased muscle mass.
They often have multiple chronic conditions and altered pharmacokinetics.
They metabolize drugs more rapidly.
