L.8.2B Vocab Flashcard

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Favorable Trait

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A beneficial trait likely chosen by natural selection.

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Gene

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The basic unit of heredity made of DNA.

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Genetic Engineering

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The direct manipulation of genetic material to alter hereditary traits of a cell, organism, or population.

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Genotype

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The exact genetic information carried by an individual.

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Inherited Trait

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A characteristic passed from parent to offspring.

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Natural Selection

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Process where organisms with favorable traits produce more successful offspring, making those traits more common.

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Pedigree

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A diagram showing trait inheritance across generations.

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Phenotype

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The physical expression of a gene or set of genes; the appearance of an organism.

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Punnett Square

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A tool to analyze possible allele combinations of offspring between two individuals.

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Selective Breeding

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A form of artificial selection where humans deliberately breed plants and animals for desired traits.