Biology EOC Review - Unit 1 - Nature of Science

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A mineral supplement designed to prevent the flu is given to two groups of people during a scientific study. Dosages of the supplement are measured in milligrams per day, as shown in the table below. After 10 weeks, neither group reports a case of the flu. Which action will make the study provide useful data? Options: Include a third group that receives 150 mg of supplement, Include a third group that does not receive the supplement, Only test the group that is given 200 mg of the supplement, Test the supplement on both groups for only 5 weeks.

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Include a third group that does not receive the supplement.

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The current knowledge concerning cells is the result of the investigations and observations of many scientists. The work of these scientists forms a well-accepted body of knowledge about cells. This body of knowledge is an example of which of the following? a research proposal, a theory, a hypothesis, a controlled experiment

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a theory

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Researchers notice that animal populations in a wildlife preserve have been decreasing. Which step should the researchers perform to obtain the most valid data about the decreasing animal population?

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Throughout the year count and record animals throughout the preserve, as well as log animal deaths.

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What conclusion regarding the bacterial growth investigation is NOT valid? Options: The rate of growth of E. coli depends on the type of carbohydrate present. All bacteria grow best in a solution of glucose than in a solution of sucrose. E. coli grows better in a 10% solution of glucose than in a 10% solution of sucrose. The type of sugar solution will make a difference in the rate of growth of E. coli.

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All bacteria grow best in a solution of glucose than in a solution of sucrose.

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Scientific skepticism is the idea of

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evidence must be based on the logic and mutual agreement of expert scientists.

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What consideration supports the environmentalists' explanation that a new bird species is a mutation of a seagull due to oil exposure?

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Other species of coastal birds who have been exposed to high levels of oil have shown similar mutations.

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A scientist concludes that a new organism has been discovered in the Amazon River. Why should the scientist discuss this with other scientists?

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So other scientists can challenge the conclusion.

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If new experimental findings contradict a scientific theory, what might happen to the theory?

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The new evidence could be accepted and the theory changed. 

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What are the series of events for a theoretical model to be accepted by the scientific community and considered a theory?

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After scientists communicate the results to the scientific community, other scientists will need to confirm and validate the results in order to accept the theoretical model.

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Which requirement must be met in order for a scientific statement to be accepted as a theory?

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The statement relies on many supporting pieces of evidence.