CH301 - Fall Midterm1 Review

Front

What happens to ionization energy as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Ionization energy decreases because adding more energy levels places the valence electrons further from the nucleus, reducing the effective nuclear charge experienced by these electrons.

Front

Is the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ correct? Why or why not?

Back

No, it is incorrect. The correct configuration should have 3d¹⁰ instead of 4d¹⁰, as the 3d subshell is filled before the 4d subshell.

Front

What is the maximum number of p orbitals that can exist at a given energy level?

Back

There may be a maximum of 3 p orbitals at a given energy level.

Front

What is the ground-state electron configuration of In+?

Back

The ground-state electron configuration of In+ is [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s².

Front

What does a line spectrum represent?

Back

A line spectrum represents the formation of discrete energy levels in an atom, showing the wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed when electrons transition between these levels.

Front

Define ionization energy.

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its gaseous state.

Front

Explain why elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Back

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons, which determines their bonding behavior.

Front

What is the significance of the electron configuration in understanding an element's reactivity?

Back

The electron configuration helps predict an element's reactivity by indicating how easily it can gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron arrangement.

Front

How does the effective nuclear charge affect ionization energy?

Back

The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons. A higher effective nuclear charge increases ionization energy, as electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus.

Front

What is the shape of p orbitals?

Back

P orbitals have a dumbbell shape, with two lobes on either side of the nucleus.