Codon Chart Practice

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

How many amino acids are there in the genetic code?

Back

There are 20 standard amino acids that are encoded by the genetic code.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein.

Front

What does the term 'stop codon' refer to?

Back

A stop codon is a codon that signals the termination of protein synthesis, indicating that the polypeptide chain is complete.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

How is the amino acid sequence determined from an mRNA strand?

Back

The amino acid sequence is determined by reading the mRNA codons in groups of three nucleotides, each corresponding to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?

Back

A codon is found in mRNA and specifies an amino acid, while an anticodon is found in tRNA and pairs with the corresponding codon during translation.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the corresponding mRNA codon.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is decoded to produce a specific polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What are the three main stages of translation?

Back

The three main stages of translation are initiation, elongation, and termination.