Flashcard 4 Practice (not the actual flashcard questions)

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, leading to water moving out of cells placed in this solution.

Front

Define passive transport.

Back

Passive transport is the movement of particles across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of particles against their concentration gradient, from low to high concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various cellular functions.

Front

What is denaturation in enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure, rendering it inactive.

Front

What is the difference between isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions?

Back

Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentrations, hypertonic solutions have higher solute concentrations, and hypotonic solutions have lower solute concentrations compared to another solution.

Front

Explain the concept of semipermeable membranes.

Back

Semipermeable membranes allow certain molecules to pass through while blocking others, facilitating selective transport.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature affects enzyme activity; higher temperatures can increase activity up to a point, but extreme heat can lead to denaturation.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.