Biology Keystone Exam Vocabulary Review: Unit 2

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are molecules made of a large number of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and a very small number of oxygen atoms. They are insoluble in water, serve as stored energy resources, and make up the basic structure of cell membranes.

Front

How does the double-helical structure of DNA facilitate replication?

Back

The double-helical structure of DNA allows for base pairing, where each strand serves as a template for the other strand, ensuring accurate replication.

Front

What does pH measure?

Back

pH measures the amount of hydrogen (H+) ions in a solution.

Front

What is the primary energy molecule for cellular processes?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy molecule for all cellular reactions and processes inside a cell.

Front

What is a monomer?

Back

A monomer is a smaller molecule that bonds with similar molecules to build a larger polymer.

Front

What are nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids are biomolecules, such as DNA and RNA, that store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the cell?

Back

Proteins serve various functions including catalyzing biochemical reactions (enzymes), providing structural support, and facilitating communication within and between cells.

Front

What is the role of enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the structure of ATP?

Back

ATP consists of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. The energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups.

Front

What is a polymer?

Back

A polymer is a large molecule made up of repeating subunits called monomers.