ESS A Semester 1 Review

Front

What does Kepler's 2nd Law state?

Back

Kepler's 2nd Law states that a line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time, meaning that a planet travels faster when it is closer to the Sun.

Front

List the layers of the Earth in order from outer to inner.

Back

Crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core.

Front

Why does ice float on liquid water?

Back

Ice floats on liquid water because its solid form is less dense than its liquid form.

Front

What indicates that a galaxy is moving away from an observer?

Back

The lines on the spectrum are red-shifted, indicating that the galaxy is moving away from the observer.

Front

What role does groundwater play in geology?

Back

Groundwater is important as an agent of erosion.

Front

Define the term 'absorption spectrum'.

Back

An absorption spectrum is a spectrum of absorbed light, showing dark lines or bands where light has been absorbed by elements in a gas.

Front

What is the significance of the red-shift phenomenon?

Back

Red-shift indicates that an object in space is moving away from the observer, which is a key concept in understanding the expanding universe.

Front

Explain the concept of lithification.

Back

Lithification is the process through which sediments compact under pressure, expel fluids, and gradually become solid rock.

Front

What is the difference between erosion and deposition?

Back

Erosion is the process of wearing away rocks and soil, while deposition is the process of laying down sediment in a new location.

Front

What is the composition of the Earth's inner core?

Back

The Earth's inner core is primarily composed of iron and nickel and is solid due to the immense pressure.