AP Biology Semester Exam Review 1

Front

What is the process by which oxygen is released during photosynthesis?

Back

Oxygen is released as a direct by-product of splitting water molecules.

Front

What type of molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

Back

A saturated fatty acid is a type of fat that has no double bonds between the carbon atoms of its fatty acid chain.

Front

How does negative feedback function in biological systems?

Back

Negative feedback works to reverse a change in a system, helping to maintain homeostasis.

Front

What is dehydration synthesis?

Back

Dehydration synthesis is the process of forming a bond between monomers with the removal of a water molecule.

Front

Which step of aerobic cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Back

The Electron Transport Chain produces the most ATP during aerobic cellular respiration.

Front

What is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis?

Back

NADP+ acts as an electron carrier, becoming reduced to NADPH during the light reactions.

Front

Define chemiosmosis in the context of cellular respiration.

Back

Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane, driving the synthesis of ATP.

Front

What is the difference between hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis?

Back

Hydrolysis involves the addition of water to break bonds, while dehydration synthesis involves the removal of water to form bonds.

Front

What is the primary function of the Krebs Cycle?

Back

The Krebs Cycle generates electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) and ATP through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

Front

Explain the significance of the Electron Transport Chain in cellular respiration.

Back

The Electron Transport Chain is crucial for ATP production, utilizing electrons from NADH and FADH2 to create a proton gradient.